Solder rau soldering tooj liab, txhuas, tooj dag, hlau thiab stainless hlau. Solder muaj pes tsawg leeg rau soldering. Hom solder rau soldering

Thaum securely ntswj kom nruj ua ke ntau yam khoom tebchaw, lub feem ntau xaiv rau no brazing. Qhov no tus txheej txheem yog ib qho nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub lag luam. Peb yuav tsum solder thiab handyman.

Qhov no lub lag luam yuav pab tsis tau tsuas yog thaum lub faulty TV los yog computer, thiab rau rov qab los yuav tsum tau hloov burnt nti los yog nti. Nrog rau qhov no yog txo tub yees, muaj tshuab. Pike pab nyob rau hauv yog tias tsim nyog kom tau ib tug foob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib co ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tsuas yuav tsis tau kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv txoj kev. Txhuas, tooj liab, tooj dag yuav tsis tau txuas los ntawm Vuam. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau qhov zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha, raws li zoo raws li ib tug foob, nws yog tsim nyog los muaj tsis tsuas zoo cov khoom thiab kev txawj, tab sis kuj tsim consumables - solders thiab fluxes rau soldering.

Alloys, solders thiab flux hom yog xaiv nyob ntawm seb cov ntaub ntawv, uas yuav muaj mus ua hauj lwm. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kauj ruam nrog txhuas khoom yuav tsum tau sib txawv flux lwm tshaj uas rau tooj liab los yog nyiaj. Hauv qab no peb piav qhia txog lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv thiab xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv rau cov hauj lwm.

Solder rau soldering: yooj yim yam ntxwv

Raws li nws siv txawv hlau alloys. Muaj kuj compositions raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab hlau. Yuav kom siv ib qho kev solder yuav tsim high-zoo kev sib txuas, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum txawv nyob rau hauv tej yam ntxwv.

wettability

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, txhua yam ntawm solder yuav tsum tau muaj zoo heev wettability. Qhov no tsis muaj feature soldered Cheebtsam tsuas yuav tsis nti sib txuas lus nrog txhua lwm yam. Yuav ua li cas yog wettability? Qhov no yog qhov nthuav phenomenon uas thaum lub dag lub zog ntawm txoj kev sib khi ntawm cov khoom hais thiab cov kua yog siab tshaj lub kua molecules. Yog hais tias muaj yog ntxoov, thaum kua yuav kis tau tshaj lub saum npoo thiab tau txais mus rau hauv tag nrho cov kab noj hniav. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias tus solder rau solder tsis ntub dej, piv txwv li, tooj liab, ces nws yuav siv tsis tau nrog rau qhov no hlau. Rau soldering nws cov hlau lead uas tsis siv rau hauv dawb huv daim ntawv. Nws tso zis yam ntxwv yog heev tsawg thiab koj yuav tsis suav nyob rau hauv high quality ntawm kev twb kev txuas.

melting point

Txawm rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj lo, lub ntsuas kub ntawm uas nws pib yaj, yuav tsum tau hauv qab no lub melting soldered cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yuav tsum muaj ntau tshaj li cov kev khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm qhov chaw.

Hais txog kev melting kub yog meant lub ob lub ntsiab lus. Qhov no yog tus nqi uas melting fusible Cheebtsam yuav ua thiab yam tsawg kawg nkaus, qhov uas cov hlau ua ib tug kua. Qhov txawv ntawm cov ob kub yog hu ua tus crystallization luv. Yog hais tias lub soldering qhov chaw yog nyob rau hauv no sib txawv, hais tias txawm me me cov neeg kho tshuab loads nyob rau hauv lub workpiece yuav ua puas lub solder qauv. Nyob rau hauv no kev twb kev txuas yuav ua kev zoo siab siab brittleness thiab kuj. Nco ntsoov lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: tsis nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev cuam tshuam rau kev twb kev txuas raws li ntev raws li lub solder rau soldering yog tsis crystallized.

Tseem ceeb thaj chaw ntawm solders

Txawm lub hom thiab daim ntawv ntawm cov hlau, tej zaum nws yuav tsum tau siv nrog xijpeem khoom, yuav tsum tsis txhob nws muaj ib yam hnyav hlau los yog lwm yam tej yam tshuaj lom saum toj no rau hauv tus tsim cai. Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj lo cov ntaub ntawv uas sau raws nkaus Ii lub siab tshaj plaws kev nthuav dav. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsis tau kom tau ib tug txhim khu kev qha kev twb kev txuas. ntev li brittleness yuav tshwm sim.

Tej lo, tsis hais txog ntawm lub hom thiab lub hom phiaj, yuav tsum tau thermally ruaj khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj lo rau soldering yuav tsum muaj elektrostabilnostyu. Nws yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub coefficients ntawm thermal expansion thiab thermal conductivity. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob txawv ho los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb uas yog siv rau cov tshuaj lo cov khoom.

Hom solder rau soldering

Tag nrho cov uas twb muaj lawm alloys rau lub lag luam no yog muab faib mus rau hauv qhov muag los sis fusible, nyob rau lub melting kub yog li 450 degrees Celsius thiab khoom. Ntawm no, nws yog considerably ntau dua li cov saum toj no tus nqi.

mos solders

Ib qho ntawm feem nrov thiab dav hais tias yuav tin-lead alloys nrog txawv cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub Cheebtsam. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav muab cov kev tsim nyog cov ntaub ntawv uas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj lo rau soldering yuav muab ntxiv rau ib tug ntau yam ntxiv cov khoom xyaw. Piv txwv li, Bismuth thiab cadmium yog siv los txo cov melting kub. Ntxiv antimony tsub kom lub dag lub zog ntawm cov brazed ob leeg.

Alloys ntawm cov hlau lead thiab tin muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj melting point thiab uas tsis muaj zog. Lawv yuav tsum siv tsis tau rau qhov chaw, lub lag luam uas muaj kev loj tsim txom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov solders yog tsis pom zoo yog hais tias tus khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm qhov chaw yuav raug saum toj no 100 ° C. Yog hais tias koj yuav tsum solder lub qhov chaw loaded nrog mos solders, yuav tsum tau sim ua rau kom lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm cov ob yam khoom.

Ntawm cov feem ntau nrov mos mos ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau qhia pic-18 pic-30 pic-40 pic-61 pic-90. Cov nuj nqis yuav muab rau ib tug yog vim li cas. Qhov no yog qhov feem pua ntawm tin nyob rau hauv lub hlau. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua electronics, ntsuas txiav txim siab. Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, lawv yuav tau txuas ib tug ntau yam ntawm Cheebtsam: Circuit Court televisions, microwave ncu, hluav taws xob kettles thiab lwm yam me me khoom siv.

sij hawm solders

POS-90 yog tsim los mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov lus, uas yuav ces yuav ua licas los ntawm galvanic technology. POS-61 yuav siv tau rau kho ntawm precision khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub alloy yog zoo tagnrho rau cov txuas daim siab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. POS-61 muaj pov thawj nws tus kheej txig li ib tug solder rau soldering tooj liab thiab tooj dag. Solder yog tsim thaum nws yog tsim nyog mus cuag ruaj khov tebchaw uas muaj hluav taws xob conductivity.

POS-40 yog dav siv rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog lav thiab tsis muaj tseeb paub meej. Nyob rau hauv no khiav hauj lwm cheeb tsam yuav tsum rhaub kom kub. PIC-30 haum rau soldering tooj liab los yog tooj dag, hlau thiab hlau alloys.

khoom

Cov refractory alloys yog siv lug thiab txawv tsuas yog ob tug neeg. Qhov no yog tsuas tooj liab los yog nyiaj alloys.

Cov thawj pab pawg neeg tej zaum yuav muaj xws li lo, tooj liab thiab zinc. Lawv yog cov zoo suited rau cov neeg tebchaw uas yuav muaj cuam tshuam los ntawm ib tug zoo li qub load. Lub fragility ntawm cov alloys tsis pub siv lawv nyob rau hauv ntshav yuav muaj kev ntaus los yog tej kev co.

Los ntawm solders ntawm tooj liab los yog zinc-raws li compositions xws li PMC-36 thiab PMC-54. Thawj - qhov no yog qhov zoo meej dag solder rau soldering los yog lwm yam tooj liab tebchaw. Qhov thib ob yog haum rau siv nyob rau tooj liab qhov chaw, bronze los yog hlau.

Yog hais tias koj xav mus cuag ua ke ob steel qhov chaw, ces nws yog tau siv ntshiab tooj liab, tooj dag qib L-62, L-62, L-68. Cov solders yog raws li nyob rau hauv dag muaj peev xwm tsim muaj muaj zog thiab yas sib txuas. Tooj alloys muaj xws li cov yam ntxwv.

Xam tias yog ntawm zoo tshaj plaws nyiaj alloys. Muaj pes tsawg leeg kuj muaj zinc thiab tooj liab. AKP-70 - Tes Solder rau soldering tooj liab, siv rau cov tooj dag los yog nyiaj Cheebtsam. Cov khoom no yog tsim yog hais tias tus kev twb kev txuas site yuav tsum ua hluav taws xob. SDP-65 siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua hniav nyiaj hniav kub, fittings, kav xa dej. AKP-45 yog yuav tsum tau rau txuas qhov chaw, uas yog ua nyob rau hauv kev co thiab poob siab loads.

lwm hom

Nws muaj lwm yam, tsawg nrov solders. Feem ntau lawv yog siv rau tsis tshua muaj co los yog kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb tej yam kev mob. Piv txwv li, lub npib tsib xee-puag formulations npaj rau cov khoom uas khiav lag luam nyob rau hauv kub tej yam kev mob. Lawv kuj solder alloys corrosion-resistant. Solders, raws li nyob rau hauv lub kub siv rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev hlab. Muaj tsim nyog solders thiab magnesium.

tso tawm daim ntawv

Ntaub ntawv thiab compositions rau brazing yog muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li, tej zaum nws yuav ua tau ib tug hlau, ib tug nyias ci, ntsiav tshuaj, hmoov. Kuj muaj raws li ib tug solder muab tshuaj txhuam los yog granules. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv nws nyob, raws li cov tshuaj lo yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm cheeb tsam.

txhuas brazing nta

Tiabsis cov brazing txhuas qhov chaw siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev. Piv txwv li, hnub no lub tsheb tuam ntas no yog ua los ntawm txhuas hlau - nyob rau hauv huab tsav tsheb, lawv feem ntau txhaum. Cov lus nug no: zoo li cas ntawm solder los xaiv?

Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov soldering ntawm txhuas - ib tug heev txheej txheem. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb no yog cov ntaub ntawv, yog hais tias nyob hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv rau stainless steel los yog tooj dag, hlau, tooj liab. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no - cov oxide zaj duab xis. Hais tias nws tsis muab lub kev kawm theem ntawm wettability thiab tsis yaj hauv lub hauv paus hlau.

Lub soldering txhuas thiab nws alloys

Tias tus ua hauj lwm yuav muab qhov chaw ntawm cov theem, cov tshuaj lo rau soldering ntawm txhuas yuav tsum muaj pob zeb ntais, txhuas, tooj liab, zinc thiab nyiaj. Niaj hnub no, cov lag luam yuav nrhiav compositions nyob rau hauv uas tag nrho cov Cheebtsam yog nyob rau hauv sib txawv proportions.

Xaiv ib tug txhim khu kev qha lo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tau xav txog cov nram qab no. Qhov siab tshaj plaws xeb kuj thiab siab zog yuav tau lub compound uas twb ua nrog cov lo, uas muaj ib tug ntau ntawm zinc.

Tsis tas li ntawd txhuas yuav siv sib txuas ntawm tin thiab cov hlau lead hauv paus. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom zoo zoo npaj cov hauj lwm nto, txhuam mus ntxuav stainless steel, thiab kev siv ntawm active fluxes. Tab sis kws txawj tsis pom zoo kom siv ntawm xws li ib lub caij.

Tej solder rau kub txhuas brazing. Qhov tseem pom, uas tso cai rau kom tau ib tug txhim khu kev qha kev twb kev txuas, - txhuas-silicon thiab txhuas-tooj liab-silicon.

Yuav ua li cas solder tooj liab?

Raws li hais saum toj no, nws tseem tau mus ua hauj lwm rau feem ntau ntawm cov compositions. Nws yuav siv tau raws li cov uas tsis muaj-kub uas tsis muaj-melting thiab brazing muab tub lim hlau. Lwm siv compositions raws li nyob rau hauv tin-hmoov txhuas, tin, nyiaj, tooj liab, silver thiab zinc.

Yog hais tias koj xav mus kho lub computer motherboard los yog kho lub TV nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, koj yuav tau siv tej fusible ntsiab. Yog hais tias nws yog tsim nyog los solder fittings rau cov kav dej los yog kav dej los yog kho lub tub yees, ces tsuas yuav haum lub brazing cov khoom siv rau brazing tooj liab. Yog li ntawd nws yog ua tau rau tau siab zoo tau.

stainless steel

Yog hais tias koj xav mus ua ke qhov chaw ntawm stainless steel, cov tub txawg pom zoo kom siv cov pas nuv ntses ntawm tin thiab cov hlau lead. ntaub ntawv nrog cadmium kuj zoo suited. Koj yuav thov tau fusible alloys raws li zinc. Txawm li cas los, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav siv tau nrog rau cov pa roj carbon los yog tsawg-hlau steels. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws solder rau soldering ntawm stainless steel - ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab tin. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tsuas yog tin yog tau tso cai yog tias soldering qhov chaw yuav nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov zaub mov.

Yog hais tias lub chaw ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv qhuav los yog lub cub tawg cua, ces mus thov cov nyiaj mus manganese, npib tsib xee-chromium los yog dawb huv tooj liab solder (thiab ntau dua li tooj dag). Thaum soldering yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv corrosive npuas, siv nyiaj tinoli ib tug me me ib feem ntawm npib tsib xee.

pike steel

Txuas ob qhov chaw yog tsis ib qho nyuaj rau txhua lwm yam. Pheej yig thiab npaum solder rau soldering ntawm steel - POS-41. Muaj kuj yog ib tug POS-60 thiab lwm leej lwm tus, txawm ntshiab tin yuav siv tau. Tab sis zinc compositions haum phem. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws tawm los rau cov pa roj carbon los yog tsawg-hlau cov ntaub ntawv.

Fluxes rau brazing

Thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam cov flux plays ib tug tsawg lub luag hauj lwm dua solder. Qhov no tshuaj kuab absorber thiab oxides. Nws kuj tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm oxidation thiab nce ntxoov.

Mus ua hauj lwm nrog lub ntsiab rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov hlau lead thiab tin raws li ib tug flux yuav tau mus thov hydrochloric acid, zinc chloride. Tsis tas li ntawd haum laum, ammonium tshuaj dawb. Qhov no active fluxes. Rau tsaug zog muaj xws li rosin, roj av jelly, txiv roj roj, thiab ntau lwm yam tshuaj.

Piv txwv li, hydrochloric acid kev daws teeb meem yuav siv tau nrog mos solders. Zinc chloride yog siv nrog tooj dag, tooj liab, hlau. Ammonia, pw txig cais thiab yaj lub fatty tshuaj. Rau txhuas siv ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Tung roj, rosin, calcined zinc chloride. Koj yuav tau thov ib tug concentrated phosphoric acid.

Yog li ntawd, peb pom seb zoo li cas yog cov solders, thiab cov uas muaj ib tug yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus siv nyob rau hauv txawv tus neeg mob.