Seem hlau. Pab rov remelting

Qhov tsab xov xwm no qhia txog dab tsi ib tug seem ntawm dub hlau, vim hais tias ntawm cov uas nws yog tsim thiab li cas nws rov siv nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam.

pib

Nrog hlau noob neej yog paub los ntawm lub sij hawm immemorial, thiab nws ua si ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov haiv neeg. Lub earliest txheej thaum ub ua hauj lwm rau cov cuab yeej ua los ntawm tooj liab thiab tom qab ntawd bronze, lawv yuav tsis sib txawv zog thiab sai heev poob mus rau hauv disrepair. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias nws twb siv nyob rau hauv cov riam phom. Tiam sis nrog lub foundations ntawm ib txoj kev ntawm melting hlau ore, txhua yam hloov lawm. Lawm, lub hlau yog tsis txaus, raws li cov txheej txheem ntawm nws siv tau ntev thiab laborious, thiab qhov zoo tshaj yog neeg pluag. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub lig XVIII thiab thaum ntxov XIX xyoo pua thee tsuas hloov txhua yam uas. Tus tshiab roj yuav ua rau lub loj zus tau tej cov hlau thiab ua lub kiv puag ncig industrial. Tab sis li cas yog ib tug seem ntawm dub hlau? Yog vim li cas nws yog tsim thiab li cas nws yuav siv tau dua? Nyob rau hauv no peb yuav tsum to taub.

terminology

Raws li cov hauj lwm txhais, scrap hlau - nws yog ib lub npe ntawm lub metallurgical kev lag luam pov tseg, pov tseg hlau thiab steel units, Dilapidated. Nws yog muab faib mus rau hauv ib tug uas yog siv nyob rau hauv ib theem Circuit Court, thiab qhov ib uas qhov no yog tsis tau. Cias muab, lub ferrous hlau seem - yog hlau, uas yog tsis siv rau cov npaj lub hom phiaj, tab sis yog rov remelting, yuav siv tau dua. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub ntuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kawg-ntawm-lub neej ntawm cov khoom, seem hlau kuj tshwm li pov tseg nyob rau hauv ib qho kev ua lag luam. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug casting pov tseg (dauv), los yog nti scale thaum ua hauj lwm lathes thiab milling machine. Rau nyiaj txiag yog vim li cas, ntau npaum li cas txiaj ntsim ferrous hlau seem rau yaj dua, ua tib yam nkaus li los ntawm lub ore.

Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj yog cov ib puag ncig - hlau oxide khoom plua plav paug deb tsawg tshaj li tus uas tsis yog-ferrous co, piv txwv li, tib cov hlau lead, tab sis lub qhov tu ntawm pas dej thiab dumps ntawm hlau muaj lig los nyob rau ib puag ncig.

Ferrous co: Hom

Tom qab nkag mus ub nroj tsuag los yog remelting, dub hlau ib txwm mus tsi, cia nws ua, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, ib tug me me qhov sib txawv, tab sis nws tsis yog. Thawj txheeb raws li cov hom hlau: hlau, cam khwb cia hlau, steel hlau. Ces, nyob rau hauv feem pua cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon nws yog muab faib ua ob chav kawm ntawv, tom qab ntawd dua mus rau hauv ob chav kawm raws li tus xov tooj ntawm alloying cov ntaub ntawv. Kawg sib cais yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv zoo, nws tag nrho 28 degrees. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab uas nws yog tsis xa yuav tsum tau melted down. Tsis-ferrous co ntau nyuab dua li ntawd, tab sis wb tsis nyob rau nws, raws li peb xav xwb seem.

Vim li cas thiab cov kev pab

Raws li twb tau hais, ib tug ntawm cov yog vim li cas vim li cas recycling yog ib qho nyiaj txiag kev pab raws li tau zoo raws li ib qho yooj yim mus smelt hlau khib nyiab, koj pib cov txheej txheem ntawm nws siv los ntawm kos. Tab sis, raws li nyob rau hauv tej txheej txheem, remelting seem entails ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam tseem ceeb yuav tshwm.

Ua ntej, tso ntawm hlau ore xav depleted. Tab sis qhov feem pua ntawm nws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ua kiav txhab yog heev loj piv rau lwm leej lwm tus, tab sis cov tib neeg rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau industrial scale yog lawv raug tsim txom.

Secondly, txo cov roj siv rau melting ore - thee - reserves yog nyob deb heev ntawm limitless. Qhov no kuj yuav txais lub yuav txo tau ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide pa tsheb mus rau hauv lub cua thiab, raws li ib tug rau txim ntawm lub tsev cog khoom nyhuv. Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus - ferrous thiab uas tsis yog-ferrous co thiab ua muaj nuj nqis rau lub xeev kev khwv nyiaj txiag thiab qhov ib puag ncig raws li ib tug tag nrho.

Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws uas tsim, ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo.

ua lag ua luam

Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub USSR thiab lub tswv yim ntawm lub capitalist economic system nyob rau hauv lub qub republics pib loj hlob thiab kis private ua lag ua luam. Thiab ib yam ntawm nws hom - yog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm ferrous thiab nonferrous seem hlau los ntawm cov pej xeem. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, recycling raug tag nrho enterprise, uas ntau lub xyoo los yog muaj ib tug tsau lub sij hawm tau sau ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm cov hlau.

Thiab niaj hnub no no ua lag ua luam yog thoob plaws nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua txhua lub zos koj yuav nrhiav tau ib qho chaw yuav coj ib tug dub los yog dawb lias hlau. Nqi rau nws, tab sis yog tsis squeezed mus rau hauv ib tug nruj heev moj khaum, tab sis tseem txawv me ntsis nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam.

USSR

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm lub Soviet Union feem ntau kuj nqa tawm loj-scale kev ua los ntawm hlau sau. Seem thiab khib ferrous co rub tawm schoolchildren, scouts thiab lwm yam cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv ib tug tus kheej yam, thiab nyob rau hauv pej xeem, thaum twg, piv txwv li, rau ib pab dawb rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm lub koom haum los yog cov neeg ua hauj ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau compulsorily sau ib tuj los yog ob tug ntawm hlau los dhau. Rau nrig txog kev pom txug feem ntau nyob rau hauv Tej zaum hnub peb hlis ntuj staged ib yam ntawm cov tsheb laij thiab lub tsheb uas tau kiag li ua los ntawm hlau, pom Komsomol.