Morphological tsom xam ntawm lub noun: ib qho piv txwv highlights

Morphological tsom xam ntawm lub noun, ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov uas yuav tsum tau tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm - yog ib tug heev nrov hom ua hauj lwm rau lub Lavxias teb sab lus qhia. Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv no txoj kev uas peb muaj peev xwm to taub yuav ua li cas zoo me nyuam kawm ntawv yuav yooj yim qhia lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub npe nrog rau kev hwm mus no ib feem ntawm kev hais lus.

Yuav ua li cas yog siv lub morphological tsom xam ntawm kev hais lus (noun)? Piv txwv yog muab rau koj mloog.

Tus raws li ib feem ntawm kev hais lus

Lub noun yog heev nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Nws yog npaj rau ntawm lub npe khoom thiab phenomena uas koos ib tug neeg. Thiab ib tug ntau ntawm lawv. Ib tug peb lub hlis twg ntawm tag nrho cov lus uas peb noj mov, poob rau npe.

Raws li qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tus hais lus rau cov lus nug: "Leej twg?" los yog "dab tsi?". Nws tag nrho cov nyob rau seb puas los yog tsis rau animate kwv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov teeb meem ntawm rooj plaub.

Los ntawm morphological tsom xam ntawm lub noun (piv txwv li, peb yuav qhia nws tom qab), nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias muaj tej zaum yuav muab sau ua ke ntau tshaj ib qho ntawm cov chaw hais lus:

1. Kev. Lawv sawv cev rau tangible khoom, xws li phau ntawv, magazine, cov lus, cov neeg, noog.
2. Tiag tiag. Xaiv tej yam khoom uas - kas fes, qab zib, dej, txhob lo lo ntxhuav.
3. Abstract. Nws yog hais txog mus rau lub phenomenon uas yog tsis yooj yim sua rau perceive: tus xav li cas, kev hlub, kev qhia ntawv, quaj.
4. Collective. Qhia yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam lawm - cov tub ntxhais kawm, cov me nyuam, midges, nplooj.

Cob phum thiab uas tsis yog-tas mus li tej yam tshwm sim: dab tsi yog qhov txawv

Tej morphological tsom xam cov lus, los yog tsis muaj kev piv txwv muaj xws li hloov mus rau lwm cov yam ntxwv. Thaum twg nce mus nce los ib feem ntawm kev hais lus lawv yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv kev ruaj khov thiab uas tsis yog-nyob ruaj khov.

Qhov tseeb yog hais tias yuav luag txhua ib feem ntawm kev hais lus (tsuas yog gerunds thiab adverbs) yuav hloov nws zoo lawm. Tus los kuj yuav hloov. Nyob rau hauv lub grammatical qauv ntawm proposals, peb siv ib tug ntau yam ntawm kawg - qhov no yog hu ua shaping. Zoo ib yam li cov tsos mob thiab yog tsis ruaj tsis khov. Rau cov noun yog tus naj npawb thiab cov ntaub ntawv.

Me me los yog tsis muaj morphological nta yog tib yam hais txog ntawm tus qauv sau ntawv. Lub noun yuav yeej ib txwm yog ib tug tej yam zoo (txiv neej, nruab nrab los yog poj niam) los yog declination (ib, ob los yog peb). Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, koj yuav twv yuav raug hu tham txog nws animate los yog tswg, thiab hais tias nws yog koj tus kheej los yog ib qho noun.

Obschegrammaticheskoe nqi

Ua pov thawj hais tias qhov no yog ib qho kev ib feem ntawm kev hais lus nws yog tsim nyog, los ntawm uas pib morphological tsom xam ntawm lub noun. Piv txwv li:

Peb dhau mus dav hlau mus destinations.

Dav hlau (dab tsi?) - ib tus, vim hais tias nws yog hais txog cov kev kawm.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog tsim nyog los qhia kom meej ib tug thawj zaug zoo (cov lo lus yog muab tso rau hauv imenitelntsy zoo tshaj). Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tus thawj zaug zoo yog dav hlau.

Ntawm no yog lwm cov piv txwv, qhov twg obschegrammaticheskoe nqi yog ib qho paub daws teeb tswvyim:

Tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov kev xav tau mus xyuas Natalia yuav mus pw.

Xav (dab tsi?) - noun, vim hais tias qhia ib tug paub daws teeb tswvyim. Lub daim ntawv pib - lub tswv yim.

tas mus li tej yam tshwm sim

Lub parsing ntawm tus hais lus no kuj yog tsim nyog los qhia kom meej thiab ruaj khov morphological yam ntxwv. Cia peb kawm lawv nyob rau hauv kom meej. Ua ntej, peb txiav txim, peb muaj cov tswv cuab los yog hom npe.

Feem ntau ntawm cov lus ntawm lub qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus ntau nouns, ie, lawv hu ua homogeneous khoom thiab phenomena. Lawv pom qhov txawv feature - lawv sau nyob rau hauv me me tsiaj ntawv, yog hais tias muaj yog tsis nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm qhov kev: ib lub tsheb, ib lub rooj, ib phau ntawv, ib tug neeg, ib tsob ntoo. Proper nouns txhais lub cim cov khoom thiab phenomena - nws yog tag nrho cov hom ntawm qhov chaw lub npe, cov npe.

Ob, txiav txim seb lub animality. Yog hais tias ib tus yog mus rau qhov - nws yog animated, txwv tsis pub - tsis muaj.

Qeb inducement kuj siv mus rau lub qhov morphological cim. Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab muaj peb declension. Lawv lub rooj yog muab nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.

Rhode noun kuj siv rau tas mus li tej yam tshwm sim, nws yeej ib txwm muaj qhov no yog ib feem ntawm tus hais lus.

lus qhia

Thaum lub sij hawm lub tsom xam ntawm tus hais lus, yuav tsum qhia kom meej rau shaping los yog uas tsis yog-tas mus li tej yam tshwm sim. Yog tsis muaj lawv tsis yooj yim sua morphological tsom xam ntawm lub noun. piv txwv:

Tourists taug kev maj mam mus rau lub pas dej.

Lub pas dej - yog siv nyob rau hauv lub dative, zoo tshaj.

Nws sawv qab lub txee qhov rooj thiab tsis tau twv kom nkag mus.

Qab lub qhov rooj - yog siv nyob rau hauv lub instrumental cov ntaub ntawv, ntau tshaj ib tus.

Yog li, ib tug uas tsis yog-tas mus li morphological nta ntawm lub noun peb muaj xws li tus xov tooj ntawm cov neeg tuag.

syntactic lub luag hauj lwm

Syntactic luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kab lus ua tiav morphological tsom xam ntawm lub noun. Piv txwv li:

Los ntawm qab cov huab nyob maj caij nplooj ntoos hlav hnub.

Nws nyob (qhov twg?) Los ntawm qab cov huab. Tus huab yog ib tug teeb meem nrog ib tug preposition. Thaum sau ntawv parsing nws yuav cia li tsim nyog rau sab laj txog.

Muaj ib kab lus ntawm lwm tus - lub hnub.

Muaj (dab tsi?) Lub hnub. Lub tswv yim txog yog kev kawm rau nws.

tsom xam ntawm cov piv txwv

Yuav ua li cas tau lig zoo morphological tsom xam ntawm npe? Plan thiab txawv tsom xam sau raws li nram no:

1. Obschegrammaticheskoe nqi. Qhia kom meej li cas lo lus nug lo lus teb. Yuav ua li cas nws hu - ib tug kwv, ib tug paub daws teeb tswvyim, ib yam khoom uas los yog muaj ib tug collective lub ntsiab lus.
2. Lub daim ntawv pib. Nws yog tsim nyog los muab tso rau lo lus nyob rau hauv lub nominative zoo tshaj.
3. Qhov morphological nta. Common noun los yog kom zoo, qeb animation, declination, b.
4. Tej yam tshwm sim fickle. Peb qhia kom meej nyob rau hauv dab tsi rau tus raws li siv nyob rau hauv no lub tswv yim, muab tus naj npawb thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
5. Syntactic lub luag hauj lwm. Nco ntsoov qhia nyob rau hauv cov kev qhia nrog ib lo lus nug. Koj muaj peev xwm tsis nco qab txog qhov kev zam txim rau, xa mus rau qhov no yog ib feem ntawm cov kab lus.

Raws li ib qho piv txwv, peb tsom xam tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov kev:

Tag nrho rebyatnya khiav tawm nyob rau hauv lub teb txaus siab rau ib tug sov so caij ntuj sov los nag.

1. Rebyatnya (leej twg?) - noun, nws yog hais txog mus rau lub collective duab.
2. Lub daim ntawv pib - rebyatnya.
3. Qhov yam ntxwv: ntau tus, animate, 1 declination hais txog poj niam.
4. Lus nta: yog siv nyob rau hauv zoo tshaj daim ntawv (nws tsuas yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, raws li ib tug collective) nominative.
5. Kuv tau khiav (leej twg?) Rebyatnya - lub tswv yim yog kev kawm.

Nyob rau lub teb (dab tsi?) - noun, vim hais tias Nws hu raug.

1. Lub daim ntawv pib - teb.
2. Qhov yam ntxwv: ntau tus, tswg, 2 declension, neuter.
3. Lus yam ntxwv: yog siv nyob rau hauv lub accusative zoo tshaj.
4. Khiav tawm (qhov twg?) Nyob rau lub teb - nyob rau hauv cov kab lus nrog ib tug preposition yog ib qhov tseeb.

Los nag (dab tsi?) - noun, vim hais tias Nws hu ua tshwm sim ntawm cov xwm.

1. Lub daim ntawv pib - los nag
2. Qhov yam ntxwv: ntau tus, tswg, 2 declination masculine.
3. Lus yam ntxwv: yog siv nyob rau hauv lub dative zoo tshaj.
4. Txaus siab rau (dab tsi?) Nag - nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim txog yog ib tug ntxiv.