Uas noj sus. Uas su Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog. US qhuav rations

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug qhuav awd? Lo lus teb rau lo lus nug no yuav muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv yog muab los ntawm tsab xov xwm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, peb yuav qhia rau koj seb niaj hnub no muaj ib tug neeg cov khoom siv rau cov khoom noj, raws li tau zoo raws li txog yuav ua li cas lawv txawv los ntawm lub teb chaws mus lub teb chaws.

lus qhia dav dav

Uas su - yog ib tug set ntawm cov khoom, uas yog tsim los muab cov tub rog thiab civilians nyob rau hauv tej yam uas tsis muaj txoj kev mus ua noj kub noj mov. Feem ntau, xws li ib tug khoom noj yog tsim los rau ib tug neeg. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg hais tias xws li ib tug cov khoom siv tej zaum yuav muaj cov khoom raws li ib pluag mov, thiab rau tag nrho lub hnub.

Ntsiab uas yuav tsum tau rau qhuav rations

Uas su Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog los ntawm ib tug uas zoo sib xws set ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws tej zaum yuav txawv muaj nuj nqis. Txawm li cas los, cov kev cai rau lawv yog hais qhov txhia chaw ib yam:

• Cov tau ntev cia. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, xws li ib tug cov khoom siv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj xws li cov khoom, tshwj xeeb cia tej yam kev mob (e.g. tshiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, mayonnaise, qaub cream, thiab lwm yam) Uas yog tsim nyog.
• Lub rations yuav tsum xws li xwb cov yooj yim digestible cov khoom xyaw uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom ua xua, noj mob thiab lwm tus neeg.
• Packing xws li ib tug cov khoom siv yuav tsum tiv thaiv nws zoo los ntawm tej av thiab dej.
• Cov khoom uas yog ib feem ntawm lub qhuav zaub mov yuav tsum yooj yim los npaj los yog npaj txhij mus rau noj.
• Pab neeg peg xeem los yog tub rog rations yuav tsum muaj txaus cov zaub mov thiab lub zog muaj nqis.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub xws li ib tug txheej ntawm tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau. Piv txwv li, rau khoom noj khoom haus rations astronauts yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj xws li cov khoom uas yuav tsim splashes thiab Crumb txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv weightless tej yam kev mob.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ib tug neeg cov pluas noj

Uas muaj ib tug txheej txheem rations? Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom set yuav txawv. Tiam sis ntau tshaj feem ntau nws muaj xws li cov nram qab no Cheebtsam:

• Freeze-qhuav thiab qhuav cov khoom (qhuav instant kua zaub, instant kas fes, mis nyuj hmoov, thiab lwm yam).
• Cov kaus poom zaub mov (e.g. evaporated mis nyuj, stew, sprat, etc.).
• Biscuits (biscuits), biscuits los yog crackers.
• Khoom noj khoom haus additives thiab tsw enhancers (ntau seasonings, ntsev, txuj lom, piam thaj).
• Vitamins.

ntxiv khoom

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd rau cov khoom noj, nplua los sis pab tub rog rations muaj xws li xws ntxiv cov khoom, xws li:

• pov tseg tableware;
• cuab yeej uas yog npaj rau dej kom huv;
• kev tu cev cov khoom (zom cov pos hniav, tshuaj tua kab mob cov ntaub so, thiab lwm yam);
• txhais tau tias rau cua sov foodstuff (e.g. match, qhuav roj , thiab hais txog. d.).

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg hais tias lub Lavxias teb sab tsis American rations tsis muaj xws li dej. Haus kua los yog muab cais los yog ua nyob rau hauv situ.

Yuav ua li cas cov zaub mov yog tsis tau tso cai rau xws li nyob rau hauv qhuav zaub mov?

Muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov khoom noj uas txwv tsis pub kom muaj xws li nyob rau hauv lub pej xeem los yog tub rog rations. Cov no muaj xws li nram qab no:

• Khoom noj khoom haus uas muaj ib tug burning txuj lom los yog txuj lom, nitrites tshaj 0.03%, cov zaub mov saum rooj ntsev tshaj 0.8%, haus dej cawv, txiv duaj noob nuclei, sodium pyrosulfate, tej yam ntuj tso kas fes, bakery nqaijrog thiab ua noj ua haus.
• Ntxuav cia khoom thiab shrinkable zaub thiab kab txawv txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas yog tau mus yauv mus sai deterioration.
• Tag nrho cov zaub mov lwj uas mus khaws cia muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab zoo yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kub tej yam kev mob.
• Confectionery muaj ib tug creamy filling thiab ib tug siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cocoa.
• Khoom noj uas tsis muaj ntaub ntawv ua pov thawj lawv kev ruaj ntseg thiab zoo.

Scope

Niaj hnub no, cov dawb ua lag luam yuav tsum pom raws li cov tub rog thiab cov pej xeem rations. Tus nqi ntawm xws poob lawm mas nws txawv heev thiab nyob rau cov khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias lub ntsiab tau txais kev pab ntawm cov pluas noj yog cov tub rog neeg. Lawv qhuav rations muab rau zaub mov nyob rau hauv teb tej yam kev mob thaum muaj yog tsis muaj txoj kev mus rau deploy ib tug tag nrho-fledged mobile chav ua noj.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug txheej ntawm cov khoom no feem ntau siv:

• Cov neeg uas ua hauj lwm rau hauv lub hmo ntuj ua haujlwm los yog los ntawm cov saib nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw uas nws yog tsis yooj yim sua mus ua noj rau koj tus kheej ib tug kub noj mov.
• Lotnymi compositions uas ua lengthy uas tsis yog-nres flights, raws li zoo raws li redundant thiab lwm airfields.
• Tib cov koom haum.
• Crews ntawm nto ships thiab submarines.
• Rescuers.
• Geologists, tourists thiab cov mej zeej ntawm ntau yam expeditions.

Ib co ntawm qhuav rations nyob rau hauv cov tub rog ntawm lub USSR

Teem ib hnub nyiaj nyob rau hauv cov tub rog ntawm lub USSR nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg tau pom zoo los ntawm tus txiav txim siab ntawm lub CPC ntawm lub USSR thiab lub Central Committee ntawm lub CPSU (b). Yog li, los ntawm Lub rau hli ntuj 1, 1941 Lavxias teb sab tub rog rations muaj xws li nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej li nram qab no cov khoom:

• rye biscuits - hais txog 600 g (los yog rye khob cij);
• concentrated pias porridge - 200 g;
• concentrated noob taum kua zaub - 75 g;
• ib yam dab tsi yog ib tug ntawm cov nram qab no: haus luam yeeb sausages "Minsk" - 100 g, cheese (cheese) - 160 g smoked / suhovyalenaya laum - 150 g, suhovyalenoe ntses fillets - 100 g, las herring - 200 g, 113 kaus poom myasnye- g;
• xuab zeb qab zib - 35 g;
• Tshuaj yej - 2 g;
• Ntsev - 10 g

Cov tub rog muab ntawm qhuav rations nyob rau hauv lub 1980s

Nyob rau hauv lub eighties, cov tub rog USSR siv rations, uas muaj ib tug kaus poom nqaij (250 g), ob tug kaus poom los ntawm cov nqaij thiab zaub Canning - txhua ntawm 250 g (i.e. mov los yog buckwheat nrog ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm cov nqaij nyug), ntim dub crackers, hnab ntawm dub tshuaj yej, raws li zoo raws li loj nyiaj ntawm qab zib.

Uas su Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog

"Cov khoom noj" pib yuav tsum tau siv txij xyoo 1991 los lawm nyob rau hauv lub Armed Forces ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Nws muaj ob hom ntawm no set:

• PRI-B, uas yog, ib tug neeg noj haus - sib ntaus sib tua. Nws muaj plaub poom (kaus poom nqaij, minced los yog muab tshuaj txhuam, mov los yog buckwheat nrog daim nqaij nyuj thiab ntses), 6 pob khoom pab tub rog lub ncuav (feem ntau tshiab crackers), 2 hnab ntawm instant tshuaj yej nrog piam thaj, qhuav concentrate ntuj haus "Good "txiv hmab txiv ntoo jam (feem ntau yog kua), 1 ntsiav tshuaj multivitamins, 1 instant kas fes lub hnab, 4 lub hnab ntawm qab zib, soob ntses, 3 ntsiav tshuaj" Akvatabs "tsim los rau cov kab mob li cas ntawm cov dej haus, 4 ntsiav tshuaj qhuav cawv (portable Razogrevatel), diav, tin opener , 3 igienicheskie vetrovodoustoychivye napkins thiab qhov yuam kev.
• PRI-P, uas yog, ib tug neeg noj haus - txhua txhua hnub. Cov teeb no muaj ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov chav. Nws yog payment rau lub hnub (noj tshais, noj su thiab noj hmo) thiab tsis sib txawv heev los ntawm kev sib ntaus los. Txawm li cas los, lub qhia rations me ntsis me me nyob rau hauv hnyav thiab calorie. Heev feem ntau nws yog siv nyob rau hauv txhua hnub kev ua ub no, thaum tsis muaj tau mus npaj ib tug teb chav ua noj.

Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub PRI-U (№ 4) muaj cov nram qab zaub mov:

• pab tub rog rye crispbread - 300 g;
• stewed nqaij npuas - 250 g;
• pib xyaum ua txuj lom (kaus poom) - 100 g;
• Txoj kev barley porridge nrog daim nqaij nyuj - 250 g;
• Slavic buckwheat nrog daim nqaij nyuj - 250 g;
• mloog zoo rau kev npaj ntawm ib tug haus dej - 25 g;
• txiv hmab txiv ntoo jam (Kua feem ntau) - 90 g;
• qab zib - 30 g;
• instant tshuaj yej nrog qab zib - 32 g;
• Razogrevatel (cov khoom siv nrog haus dej haus cawv thiab qhuav pellets vetrovodoustoychivymi ntais ntawv) - 1 pc.;
• multivitamin tshuaj - 1 pc.;
• opener ntim thiab cov kaus poom ntug dej - 1 pc.;
• daim ntawv thiab sanitary napkins - 3 daim.

Nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm qhuav hnub rations, nws txheem tej zaum yuav txawv. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub xya txheej muaj xws li salted herring, nqaij stew nrog ntsuab taum mog, qe, zaub, cheese, ob hom ntawm biscuits thiab thiaj li nyob.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias txawv tus xov tooj PRI-P xws li ntau yam khoom noj xws teb rations txaus high-calorie. Uas yog vim li cas thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho marching noj tshais, noj su los yog noj hmo ib tug tub rog (los yog ib tug pej xeem) yog tau txais zoo txaus mus ntxiv tom qab nws lub hom phiaj. Tseeb, ua tsaug rau qhuav rations muaj yog tsis muaj yuav tsum tau npaj ib daim teb ua noj, uas yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ntau lub sij hawm thiab kev rau siab.

American MRE rations

Rations ntawm cov tub rog hu ua MRE. Qhov no yog cov lus Askiv acronym, uas stands rau Pluag mov, Npaj-rau-Noj, piv txwv li "Cov zaub mov, npaj txhij mus rau noj." Feem ntau, xws li ib tug cov khoom siv yog fej nyob rau hauv lub pob xuab zeb xim, ua los ntawm cov tuab yas (qhov ntev 25 × 15 × 5 cm). Nws qhia cov zaub mov (24 pcs.) Number thiab lub npe ntawm lub ntsiab tais diav.

American rations, raws li zoo raws li lub Lavxias teb sab, es high-calorie (txog 1200 calories). Nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov, nws yuav luj los ntawm tsib puas mus rau xya puas grams. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias qhov no set yog tsim los rau ib tug noj mov. Dhau li lub ntsiab zaub mov noj, nws muaj ib tug kub instant haus (kas fes los sis tshuaj yej) thiab txias, uas yog ib tug hmoov ID.

Qhuav rations MRE tsis muaj xws li tus thawj. Txawm li cas los, muaj ib tug khoom noj qab zib nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm biscuits, khoom qab zib, ncuav thiab biscuits. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm xws li ib tug cov khoom siv yuav muaj xws li mos cheese thiab biscuits.

Yuav kom ua cua sov rau zaub mov rations Americans muaj xws li ib tug tshwj xeeb pob uas muaj xws li ib tug flameless tshuaj rhaub. Hais tias nws tej zaum yuav tuaj mus rau hauv dag zog yuam, nws yuav tsum ncuav ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm cov dej, thiab ces muab tso rau hauv lub hnab nrog rau cov dej haus los yog khoom noj khoom haus.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm nees nkaum plaub American rations

Hauv qab no, koj yuav txaus siab rau tag nrho cov hom ntawm ib tug neeg cov pluas noj ntawm lub US Army, thiab ib co NATO lub teb chaws. Qhuav rations tshaj li cov neeg uas muaj npe khoom tas muaj xws li Cheebtsam xws li cov ob zom cov pos hniav, ntsev, ib tug ob peb nplooj ntawm cov ntaub hoob nab, cov duab los qhia qhov yuam kev, yas diav, thiab ntub dej so.

1. Txiv laum huab xeeb butter, steak nrog nceb, qhuav nyuj, taum nyob rau hauv ib tug western, kas fes, crackers, hmoov mis nyuj, kua txiv qaub, khoom qab zib los yog qhob noom xim kasfes, qab zib thiab kua txob liab.
2. Txiv apples ci, nqaij npuas tsuas (noodle), zaub crackers, cheese kis, kub ntses, milkshake, qab zib, kas fes thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
3. Qos yaj ywm nrog, dumplings nrog nyuj, khob cij dawb, mos cheese, qhob noom xim kasfes biscuit, kub kua, hmoov ID, qab zib, kas fes, thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
4. Mos cheese, nqaij qaib, lub teb chaws style, crackers, mij nrog butter, kub ntses, biscuits nrog jam, cocoa "Mocha cappuccino", khoom qab zib, qab zib, kas fes, thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
5. Dawb qhob cij, cov khoom kib nqaij qaib mis, qhob noom xim kasfes biscuit, goulash, kua ntoo, tshuaj yej nrog txiv qaub thiab qab zib, jelly, cocoa, khoom qab zib thiab tej txuj lom.
6. Hau mov, nqaij qaib nrog sauce, raisin thiab cov noob txiv mix, mos cheese, kub ntses, zaub, crackers, hmoov mis nyuj, kas fes nrog ib tug fruity aroma, piam thaj thiab tshuaj yej hnab.
7. Daim duab nyob rau hauv Mexican, nqaij qaib nrog ntse zaub, mos cheese, ncuav qab zib, candies, crackers, zaub, tshuaj yej nrog txiv qaub thiab qab zib thiab kub ntses.
8. Nqaij nyuj tenderloin, qab zib cheese, pretzels thiab cheese, barbecue ntses, nplej, kub ntses, ID, tshuaj yej nrog txiv qaub thiab qab zib.
9. Nqaij nyuj stew, zaub crackers, qab zib cheese, kub ntses, milkshake, qhob noom xim kasfes ncuav qab zib, qab zib, kas fes, thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
10. Mos cheese, nplej zom nrog zaub, zaub mov, ncuav mog qab zib, kua txob liab, cocoa, mis nyuj hmoov, kas fes, qab zib, qhob noom xim kasfes los yog khoom qab zib.
11. Spaghetti nyob rau hauv lws suav kua zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, candies, txiv laum huab xeeb butter, qab zib, tshuaj yej nrog txiv qaub thiab qab zib, crackers, txuj lom thiab kua ntoo.
12. Khoom noj qab zib nrog mov thiab taum, ncuav qab zib uas muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo, muffins, crackers, qhuav txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ntsim thiab kub ntses, txiv laum huab xeeb butter, tshuaj yej nrog txiv qaub thiab qab zib.
13. Dumplings cov khoom ua si nrog cov cheese, applesauce, muffins, txiv laum huab xeeb butter, khoom qab zib, tshuaj yej nrog txiv qaub thiab qab zib, kua ntoo, crackers thiab txuj lom.
14. Ncuav mog qab zib, spaghetti ntses nrog zaub, txiv laum huab xeeb butter, las roasted txiv laum huab xeeb, crackers, qhuav txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tshuaj yej nrog txiv qaub thiab qab zib, txuj lom thiab kua ntoo.
15. Mexican nyuj nrog zaub thiab cheese, Mexican mov, ID, ncuav qab zib nrog chocolate chips, zaub, crackers, qab zib cheese, kas fes, qab zib, kub ntses, thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
16. Mos cheese, khoom qab zib, nqaij qaib noodle, zaub crackers, txiv pos-Kua sauce, ncuav qab zib nrog figs, ntsim ntses, cocoa, qab zib, kas fes, thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
17. Noodles nyob rau hauv Suav, Japanese nyuj, jam, khoom qab zib, ncuav qab zib nrog txiv laum huab xeeb butter thiab cheese, piam thaj, dej qab zib, khob cij dawb, mis nyuj hmoov, kas fes, chocolate los yog khoom qab zib, liab kua txob.
18. Qaib ntxhw mis nrog gravy thiab zom qos yaj ywm, qhob noom xim kasfes, pretzels thiab cheese crackers, kub ntses, ID, qab zib, txiv laum huab xeeb butter, kas fes thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
19. Hau qus mov, crackers, jam, cocoa, oatmeal ncuav qab zib, nqaij nyuj nrog nceb, kas fes, kub kua, hmoov mis nyuj thiab qab zib.
20. Crackers nrog txiv laum huab xeeb butter, nplej, cov mos mos cheese, kub ntses, milkshake, khoom qab zib, spaghetti nrog nqaij ntses, kas fes, qab zib thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
21. Ncuav mog qab zib, kub ntses, ci nqaij qaib cheese, jelly, cracker, qab zib, tshuaj yej hnab, milkshake thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
22. Rice nrog zaub, oatmeal ncuav qab zib nrog chocolate, qab zib, khoom qab zib, cov mos mos cheese, dej qab zib, khob cij dawb, kas fes, kub ntses, thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
23. Pretzels, kub ntses, nqaij qaib nrog pasta, txiv laum huab xeeb butter, qab zib, dej qab zib, khob cij dawb, qab zib, kas fes, thiab mis nyuj haus hmoov.
24. Mashed qos yaj ywm, ci nqaij nyuj nrog gravy, jelly, biscuits nrog cov ntsaws, cocoa, zaub, crackers, qab zib, kas fes, mis nyuj, khoom qab zib los yog qhob noom xim kasfes, liab kua txob.

Ukrainian zaub mov pob

Txhua lub teb chaws npaj nws tus kheej ib tug neeg qhuav rations rau cov tub rog. Ukraine ua ntxaug, zoo ib yam li Lavxias teb sab. Cov teeb no yog tsim los rau peb noj mov (ie noj tshais, noj su thiab noj hmo). Feem ntau, nws muaj biscuits los ntawm hmoov nplej, cov kaus poom nqaij thiab zaub concentrate nqaij broth, ntses los yog kaus poom nqaij, jam, qab zib, soluble tshuaj yej concentrate txiv hmab txiv ntoo haus, multivitamin npaj "Geksavit" yas diav, caramel, daim ntawv thiab sanitary napkins.

Qhuav rations rau cov me nyuam

Raws li cov kab mob thiab epidemiological yuav tsum tau, qhuav rations rau cov me nyuam yuav tsum muaj xws li cov nram qab no cov khoom noj uas tsis yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb cia tej yam kev mob:

• tseem ntxhia dej (ntim hauv hwj) - 500 ml;
• nectars thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo kua, thiab tej yam ntuj tso zaub - 500 ml;
• npaj los siv fortified haus muaj ntau lawm - 250 ml;
• dej qab zib, kua txiv - 200 ml;
• nyuaj cheese nqus ntim - 60-100 g;
• unsalted thiab unroasted ceev (cashew ceev, almonds, pistachios, filberts) - 20-50 g;
• ntxuav qhuav nyob rau hauv ib lub tshuab nqus upakovke- 50 g;
• biscuits, crackers, biscuits, rusks los yog kom qhuav;
• iab los yog tsaus qhob noom xim kasfes nrog ib tug high school cov ntsiab lus ntawm cocoa;
• kaus poom txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo purees - 250 g;
• jam, marmalade thiab jam - 40 g;
• rye cij, nplej thiab cereals;
• fortified tus me nyuam cereal vas nthiv zaub mov - 160-200 g;
• noj tshais cereals;
• Nqaij nyuj stew nyob rau hauv lws suav kua:
• concentrated nqaij qaib broth, nqaij nyuj;
• qhuav uas tsis yog-roj qab zib;
• zaub thiab cereal garnishes (kaus poom);
• condensed mis nyuj - 30-50 g;
• tshuaj yej hnab, cocoa thiab kas fes haus.