Lub nto moo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab kws lijchoj

Lavxias teb sab kev cai lij choj txhua lub sij hawm los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm nws tsim tau tsim ua tsaug rau tus neeg zoo tshaj cov nuj nqis, renowned cov kws lij choj. Peb lub teb chaws tam sim no muaj nyob rau hauv nws pov tseg rau ntxhib kwv yees txog 700,000 cov kws lij choj. Cov lawv tseem muaj cov npe uas yog nyob rau hauv lub pob ntseg. Yog li ntawd leej twg yog lawv - nto moo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab kws lijchoj?

Thaum lub hauv paus ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab kev cai lij choj

Nyob rau hauv 1722, Peter kuv kos npe rau ib tug decree ntawm lub tsev lag luam ntawm cov ncej ntawm Procurator-General, thiab los ua tus thawj Earl ntawm Yaguzhinskii. Nyob rau hauv nws txoj hauj lwm tshiab nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob siab ua raws li cov kev cai lij choj thiab kev ncaj ncees kev daws teeb meem ntawm txhua tus neeg mob. Earl yog ib tug heev ntse thiab enterprising, rau cov uas nws tau txais qhov chaw ntawm tus huab tais nws tus kheej.

Tus thawj zoo-paub cov kws lij choj Russia ntau npaum li cas paub raws li ib tug txawj thiab cov pej xeem cov thawj coj, txawm li cas los, thiab nyob rau hauv kev cai lij choj, lawv tau ua ib tug ntau. Yog li ntawd, mus rau kab kev cai lij choj nyob rau hauv Russia, thiab nws muaj ib tug txhais tes nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov statesman ntawm lub era Gavrila Derzhavin, lub yav tas thawj-puas State Minister of Justice. Ib tug ncej nws tuav xwb ib lub xyoo, tab sis tswj kom ua ib tug ntau - mus pib lub tsim ntawm lub arbitral tribunal, los mus tiv thaiv lub sij hawm ntawm cov neeg haujlwm coj noj coj ua kev sib raug zoo, sib ntaus sib tua tiv thaiv kev xiab nyiaj.

Alexander Radishchev kuj yog ib tug zoo-paub Lavxias teb sab kws lij choj. Nws tau txais nws kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Leipzig, tab sis tag nrho raws li txoj cai kev ua si pib kawm nyob rau hauv Russia tsuas yog tom qab qhov link rau cov dawb xav txawj tej hauj lwm. Tom qab ntawd nws tau los ua tus sau ntawm heev heev cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev cai lij choj treatises. Thiab Radishcheva suav hais tias yog leej txiv ntawm kev hais plaub ntug statistics, txij li thaum nws yog nws leej twg pib mus kawm ntawv, tsom xam thiab systematize lub Penal phenomenon.

Nto moo kws lijchoj ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 Russia

Qhov no yog ib lub sij hawm cim los ntawm ob mas nuj nqis. Yog li, lub npe ntawm Anatoly Koni me ntsis txog cov zaj lus qhia keeb kwm, txawm tias cov neeg uas nyob deb ntawm cov kev cai lij choj ntiaj teb no. Qhov no yog ib qho zoo heev daim duab ntawm lub hais plaub ntug, prosecutor, publicist. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tsim ob peb tej hauj lwm rau kev cai lij choj txog tej yam uas tau republished ntau lub sij hawm. Nws twb koom nyob rau hauv kev qhia kev ua ub no nyob rau loj txoj cai tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub teb chaws.

Nto moo kws lijchoj pre-revolutionary Russia, thiab muaj xws li lub npe ntawm tus naas ej Fedora Plevako, uas tau raug hu thiab krasnoslovom, thiab Chrysostom. Nws muaj peev xwm qhia nws kev xav mus rau txhua leej txhua tus, neeg coob coob tswj, thiab nrog rau cov kev txawj ntawm ib tug virtuoso ua nto moo ua tsaug rau nws cov kws lijchoj 'has lug hab. Raws li ib tug kws lij choj, nws piv txwv txog nws cov neeg nyob rau hauv pej xeem thiab cov txim txhaum tus neeg mob thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv yeej brilliantly. Plevako li ces thiaj li paub zoo hais tias nws hais lus twb luam nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm, thiab rau nws kev hais lus, cov neeg tuaj cia li mus hnov ib tug yawm orator.

Cov kws lijchoj ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th

Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm nws yog ib qho nyuaj los ua ib tug zoo heev kws lij choj, tsis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb tsoom fwv ncej. Cuaj kaum nto moo kws lijchoj ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th Russia yog nto moo rau nws txoj kev koom tes mus rau lub keeb kwm ntawm peb lub teb chaws.

Ib qho ntawm feem notable nuj nqis ntawm cov cai nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union yuav tsum tau hu ua Andreya Vyshinskogo, uas yog tsis tsuas cov prosecutor thiab lub Minister ntawm Txawv Teb Chaws Affairs, tab sis kuj yog ib tug siab rau ntawm Stalin. Txawm tias ib tug ci ntsa iab lub siab thiab ib tug zoo heev nom tswv thiab lub xeev powers, lub cev yog heev tsis meej xwm. Yog li ntawd, nws unconditionally txhawb tag nrho cov tsoom fwv kev txiav txim siab. Ntxiv mus, tsis muaj ib tug visa, tsis muaj kev txiav txim tsis muaj Commissar tsis tau txais tig. Nws kuj yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub commission rau cov teeb meem ntawm lub txim tuag, thawj ntawm tag nrho cov high-profile neeg mob ntawm lub era, piv txwv li, nws yog ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab mej zeej ntawm lub Soviet Commission ntawm lub Nuremberg Tribunal thiab lub sij curator ntawm repressive lub cev nyob rau hauv lub USSR.

Lwm tseem ceeb lub npe - nws Petr Stuchka, uas tuav ntau tseem ceeb txaus nyob rau hauv cov plaub ntug system, xws li ua tus tswj ntawm lub Supreme Court. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog tus thawj editor ntawm lub Encyclopedia of State thiab txoj cai, ib tug ntawm tus sau phau ntawv ntawm lub Civil Code nyob rau hauv 1922 thiab tus founder ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Soviet txoj cai.

Koj kawm jurists

Nyob rau hauv Russia hnub no, ib tug zoo kws lij choj yuav tsum tau rau txhua tus pej xeem los yog muaj nplua nwj tus neeg. Vim lub nrov nrov thiab zag affairs nrog celebrities tuaj thiab sawv cev rau lawv cov kev txaus siab paub tias Lavxias teb sab kws lijchoj ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st. Lawv cov npe yog paub txawm rau cov neeg uas nyob deb ntawm no kheej.

Tus thawj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov eminent jurists ntawm peb lub sij hawm, peb nco ntsoov Henry Reznik, Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm lub Moscow Bar. Nws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kev pab no impressive - nws yog nyob rau hauv lub profession vim xyoo 1965, thiab tau koom nyob rau hauv kev ua txhaum thiab civil teeb meem. Nws yog thiab tseem mus yuav tau cov Trustee ntawm xws notables li Chubais, Yeltsin tsev neeg, Gaidar thiab lwm tus neeg. Nto moo tej hauj lwm rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm zoo-paub musicians, publicists, sau xov xwm thiab cov politicians.

Lub npe ntawm cov kws lij choj Vadim Klyugvanta tam sim no inextricably txuas mus rau lub sensational cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Yukos thiab Mihaila Hodorkovskogo. Txais rau cov nyiaj laundering, 14 xyoo, Khodorkovsky yog tseem ua neeg, tab sis raws li xov xwm hais tias nws tsuas yog tau vim muaj peev xwm Klyugvanta mus txog tus thawj tswj hwm.

Nto moo poj niam cov kws lij choj

Raws li statistics, niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv lub profession ntawm tib tus naj npawb ntawm cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam, tab sis lub siab ua hauj lwm thiab high-profile neeg mob ntxiv feem ntau rau cov txiv neej. Tab sis ntawm lawv yog tiag tiag kev vam meej thiab mas cov poj niam kws lijchoj Russia.

Qhov no yuav tsum tau hu ua Tamara Morshchakova, uas yog nto moo rau co-authorship ntawm cov kevcai tswj ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation thiab cov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug kws txiav txim plaub ntawm lub Constitutional tsev hais plaub. Nws yog ib tug supporter ntawm lub mas tis thiab tiv thaiv txoj cai ntawm kev cai lij choj. Tom qab ua hauj lwm nws tsis tas nws cov hauj lwm thiab qhia nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm cov loj universities ntawm lub teb chaws, thiab nyob rau caw ntawm Dmitry Medvedev coj ib feem nyob rau hauv qhov kev xam ntawm lub Yukos yi.

Lwm tseem ceeb cov poj niam lub npe nyob rau hauv ib tug hlua ntawm high-profile tej kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Russia - Irina Khrunova. Nws, nrog rau Farid Murtazin sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub qhov kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg ntawm zag pab pawg neeg Pussy Riot Yekaterina Samutsevich. Nws tus kws lijchoj muaj hmoo raws li ib tug Samutsevich tswj kom tau ib tug tshem tawm cov kab lus, thaum lub lwm yam koom tau txais tiag tiag cov ntsiab lus uas. Successful advokatessa nto moo txawm Khodorkovsky tus sawv cev nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tiv thaiv Berezovsky.

Hluas Lavxias teb sab kws lijchoj

Qhov loj tshaj ntawm cov tub ntxhais kws lijchoj yuav tsum tau hu ua Lavxias teb sab Chechen Murad Musayev. Nws yog tsuas 33, tab sis nws yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau sought tom qab ntawm lub capital kws lijchoj. Musayev yog zoo kawm ntawv, nws kawm tiav los ntawm ib tug prestigious tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub UK thiab tau txais ob peb Lavxias teb sab kawm ntawv qib siab, txawj nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, Chechen, Lus Askiv thiab Fabkis.

Musayev tau ua nto moo ua tsaug rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Albert Tsgoev uas tua tus zov cov thawj tswj hwm ntawm South Ossetia nyob rau hauv 2011. Nws ntsib lub neej raug kaw, tab sis ua tsaug rau lub dag zog ntawm Musayev thiab muaj pov thawj muaj feem xyuam rau nws tus neeg Tsgoev dim nrog me sij hawm xwb 2.5 xyoo.

Scandalously paub Lavxias teb sab kws lijchoj

Muaj yog cov niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab kws lijchoj thiab cov neeg uas nyob rau hauv lub rooj sib hais tsis tau tsuas yog vim hais tias ntawm nws cov undeniable zoo nyob rau hauv lub profession, tab sis kuj yog ib tug zag dab neeg los yog ntev tshaj tawm.

Cov ntawm no yog undoubtedly cov kws lij choj Dobrovinsky, uas yog lub npe hu tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov neeg muas zaub (nws tus pop hnub qub, lam, disgraced oligarchs thiab lwm cov pej xeem neeg), tab sis kuj vim lawv cov nqe lus hais txog cov tw. Nws muaj ib qho puav pheej raws li qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus kws lij choj ntawm Russia nyob rau hauv 2003.

Pavel Astakhov, uas yog ib tug muaj kev vam meej tus kws lij choj, tau ntev tau txuam nrog ib tug TV hauj lwm raws li ib tug kws txiav txim plaub rau qhov kev pab cuam "Teev ntawm lub tsev hais plaub", hai hauj lwm Ombudsman rau cov me nyuam thiab cov tsis tshua muaj neeg questionable thiab txawm zag nqe lus ua nyob rau hauv no ncej. Raws li ib tug kws lij choj nco qab txog Luzhkov tiv thaiv Stepashin Shvydkoi, Spivakov, Landau, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov no yog nyob deb ntawm tag nrho cov nto moo kws lijchoj nyob rau hauv Russia, tab sis peb tau sau tseg rau hauv lub feem ntau notable npe, nto moo rau nws pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm jurisprudence, los yog lub loudest thiab kev vam meej ua lag ua luam.