Zhigulin Anatoliy Vladimirovich: biography

Zhigulin Anatoly Vladimirovich - lub Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv, novelist thiab kws sau paj lug, sau ntawm tus naas ej ntawv tej hauj lwm "Black pob zeb" thiab ob peb collections ntawm cov paj huam. Ib tug txiv neej nrog ib tug yooj yim lub neej, yog lub npe hu nyob rau hauv lub Stalinist lub sij hawm ntawm tag nrho cov kev ntshai heev ntawm zog camps, uas ua lub hauv paus ntawm qhov kev kawm teeb meem ntawm phau ntawv sau creativity nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

Zhigulin Anatoly Vladimirovich: thaum yau

Anatoly yug nyob rau hauv Voronezh nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm xyoo 1930. Leej Txiv Vladimir Fedorovich - los ntawm ib tug neeg pluag tsev neeg, nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau post office. Lub sij hawm ntev ntawm mob tuberculosis (dangerously qhib daim ntawv no), yog li ntawd raising Zom thiab tus kwv yau thiab muam koom niam. Eugene Mitrofanovna - kev txawj ntse thiab paub zoo ntawm lub paj huam ntawm ib tug poj niam, kuv muaj ib tug zoo-ntxhais xeeb ntxwv V. F. Raevskomu - nto moo kws sau paj lug-Decembrist uas koom nyob rau hauv tsov rog ntawm 1812

Anatoly feem ntau hnov los ntawm tus poj niam kuj kwv huam thiab cov nkauj, nws maj mam pib mus koom nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv ua hauj lwm. Thawj rhymed kab qhia ntxiv txog cov tsev kawm ntawv compositions youngster ces kawm nws ua hauj lwm fundamentally hloov thiab tau lawm devoted mus semi-starvation thaum yau puas lawm hometown thiab raging nyob ze tsov rog. Tus thawj ntawv ntawm cov kwv huam feemxyuam sau tau muaj nyob rau hauv ib lub zos xov xwm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1949.

Nyob rau hauv lub tawm tsam rau lub raug hom

Nyob rau hauv 1947, Anatoly Zhigulin ua ke nrog kawm ntawv ua ke ib lub koom haum ib tug Communist tog cov tub ntxhais hluas - lub txhaum cai lub koom haum sib ntaus sib tua rau lub restoration ntawm lub xeev nrog cov Leninist hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab cov raug ntawm Stalin lub tsoom fwv (los ntawm thaj yeeb txhais tau tias). Cov khoom no yog hais txog hloov lub teb chaws tus thawj coj thiab nws entourage los ntawm lawv cov haujlwm stipulated nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam ntawm cov hluas lub koom haum "txwv kom muab zais." Txawm tias ceev faj secrecy, nyob rau hauv lub Autumn ntawm 1949, daim zajlus sab, thiab feem ntau ntawm nws cov tswv cuab, uas yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm cov tub ntxhais kawm raug ntes thiab Nations lawv rau txim nrog rau ntau yam tsev rau txim cov ntsiab lus uas.

Xyoo nyob rau hauv lub camps

Zhigulin Anatoly Vladimirovich - nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, thawj-xyoo tub ntxhais kawm ntawv ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Forestry - firing tsab xov xwm dim txuj ci tseem ceeb. Kev txiav txim siab "Tshwj xeeb lub rooj sib tham" 19-xyoo-laus tub twb raug txim mus rau 10 xyoos nyob rau hauv lub camps ntawm nruj regime. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo rau txim tus tub hluas muaj nyiaj mus dhau ntau: nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub uranium mines ntawm Kolyma thiab logging nyob rau hauv Taishet (Irkutsk cheeb tsam), nws koom nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub railway kab Taishet - Bratsk.

Ib zaj dab neeg hais txog ib tug underground koom haum uas ua tsawg tshaj li ib xyoo, lub "txhaum" uas tus hluas Zom lub xeev raug kev txom nyem los ntawm punishing thiab lub caij nyoog txoj kev nrhiav qhov tseeb yog reflected nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov ntawv chaw ua hauj lwm "Black pob zeb", uas twb tso tawm nyob rau hauv 1988. Qhov no ua hauj lwm, daim ntawv sau nyob rau hauv ib tug twj ywm thiab ua tiag tiag, tsis muaj hysterical anguish thiab sentimental laus, tshwm sim los ib tug lossis loj rau pej xeem outcry.

Anatoly Zhigulin biography uas li nram no txoj hmoo ntawm ntau cov neeg ntawm lub Stalinist regime, twb raug nyob rau hauv 1954 thiab 2 xyoo tom qab rehabilitated. thawj ib tug nyias phau ntawv ntawm cov kwv huam "Lub teeb ntawm kuv lub nroog" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1959.

txawj ua ub no

Thaum rov qab mus Voronezh txawj sau ntawv nws tau txais kev kawm ntawv, kawm tiav rau xyoo nyob rau hauv 1960, lub Forestry lub koom haum. Ces tau txais ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Voronezh tsab ntawm "Cia li sawv", uas tom qab hloov nyob rau hauv lub capital ntawm "kev phooj ywg ntawm cov haiv neeg" thiab "Literary Gazette". Nyob rau hauv 1961, los ntawm tus cwj mem ntawm tus sau tso ib tug sau ntawm "Fire-txiv neej", thiab nyob rau hauv 1963 tau cim los ntawm cov xov xwm ntawm thawj phau ntawv ntawm cov kwv huam nyob rau hauv Moscow "ntsia". Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, muaj txiav txim siab los mob siab rau nws tus kheej nkaus rau muaj tswv yim sau ntawv, Zhigulin los ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm lub dua txawj kawm nyob rau hauv lub capital.

Nyob rau hauv 1964, lub 3000th tsab luam tawm ib phau ntawv ntawm cov kwv huam "nco", twb greeted enthusiastically los ntawm cov xovxwm. Ces, nrog ib tug sib txawv ntawm ib lub xyoo nws twb luam tawm collections "featured lyrics" thiab "Ncov qaumteb qabteb Paj".

Zhigulin Anatoliy Vladimirovich: kwv huam

Thaum kawg ntawm lub 60s ntawm lub Voronezh kws sau paj lug tau tsim ib tug sustainable tswvyim raws li ib tug loj txawj sau ntawv, uas muaj peev xwm kom meej meej thiab raws nraim qhia qhov yooj yim yam. Lub npe Anatoly Zhigulina hais nyob rau hauv tib lub ua tsis taus pa nrog Belloy Ahmadulinoy, Robert Rozhdestvensky, Andrei Voznesensky, Evgeniem Evtushenko thiab tus so ntawm cov zajlus hnub qub ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.

Nws ua hauj lwm, tsim kom muaj txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub qhov kawg triumph ntawm yeej muaj tseeb ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev ncaj ncees qhov tseem ceeb, nws tau raug thov li qhia siv kuj, tsis hais ntawm nom tswv hloov mus hloov los. Collections ntawm tej hauj lwm, uas nws sau phau ntawv yog Zhigulin Anatoly Vladimirovich, kwv huam rau cov me nyuam ( "Pup", "Chipmunk" nrog rau) luam tawm tsis tu ncua: "Lub neej Npaj txhij txog kev kaj siab", "siv phau ntawv", "Clear Hnub", "Tus liab Snowball Tsob ntoo - Viburnum dub "," Nyob rau hauv kev cia siab ntawm nyob mus ib txhis "," Solovki tus noog. "

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Kwvyees li xyoo 1990 Zhigulin Anatoliy Vladimirovich tau tsim ib lub voj voog ntawm 12 cov kwv huam "Nwg ntxhuv sab Times Russia" los ntawm cov rhymed kab uas hais txog "Kolyma convoy," paub nyeem ntawv rau tag nrho cov tsim txom ntawm lub luag hauj rau lub sam xeeb ntawm cov Fatherland pem hauv ntej yawg, tau nce nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov keeb kwm qhov tseeb.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm creativity

Lyrics Anatoly Zhigulina - ib tug txiv neej ntawm yav dhau los horrors ntawm camp lub neej thiab kev tswj kom lub siab zoo nyob rau hauv koj lub siab, yug los ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab lub neej kev. Cov tho kab mob siab xyoo nyob rau hauv lub camp, raws li zoo raws li lub majestic xwm ntawm lub North-Eastern Siberia thiab Central Russia tau yeej ib txwm muaj ib tug zoo kev cwj pwm, ib qhov siab thiab muaj peev xwm thev mus kov yeej poob mus rau lub qhia txog cov tib neeg soj ntsuam, uas tau undergone thiab Anatoliy Vladimirovich Zhigulin.

Kwv huam hais txog lub tebchaws ( "O motherland! Lub dim splendor", "Kuv xav tias dua txog lub motherland"), raws li zoo raws li tag nrho cov paj huam Voronezh sau, yus muaj los ntawm simplicity thiab clarity ntawm xaav, tsiv los ze zog mus rau qhov thiab txaus ntseeg dua kev tus cuj pwm thiab humanistic stance ntau tseem muaj sia nyob tib neeg. Mus tawm mus rau hauv cov qus, Anatoly Zhigulin rau ib co raws li yog ib tug lawm ntau tshaj li ib zaug pom nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug puas siab ntsws hauv tsev kho mob, uas yog reflected nyob rau hauv nws tus thiab tus ntsuj plig ntawm cov paj huam. Kwv huam Anatoliya Vladimirovicha Zhigulina yooj yim poob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag, yog li twb lub hauv paus ntawm ntau tej hauj lwm ntawm kev composers.

Lub muse ntawm nws lub neej

Rau ze li ntawm 40 xyoo Anatoly nplooj siab kwv huam xwb poj niam nyob rau hauv nws lub neej - Irina Zhigulina-Neustroeva. "Poob lawm nyob rau hauv cov nyom ... hairpin", "hluas nkauj", "ncua, lub hwjchim loj kawg nkaus, lub hnub ntawm kuv Irina ...", "Hlub" nkag mus hauv lub golden nyiaj ntawm lyric paj huam, los ua ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub noble thiab tswm seeb cwj pwm mus rau cov poj niam. Kev sib raug zoo nrog Irina, ib tug hluas critic, philologist los ntawm kev cob qhia, muaj nyob rau hauv 1961, thiab nyob rau hauv 1963, qhov ob peb yog sib yuav. Ib xyoo tom qab Zhigulina zoo siab tsos hlob Vladimir, npe hu ua tom qab nws yawg. Nws yog ib tug neeg zoo siab, Irina kiag subordinated lawv tus kheej tus txij nkawm cov kev txaus siab, yaj nyob rau hauv nws. Anatoly reciprocated, tab sis nws ua neej nyob.

Heavy 90, mob, kev nyuaj siab, tsis muaj ntawm cov nyiaj, lub siab dua ibyam ntawm tiav indifference rau txoj hmoo ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv. Nws tsis ua ib tug txawj ntse sau lub yim hli ntuj 6, 2000. Anatoly tuag nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm Irina: sab sab kev nyuaj siab thiab lub kws sau paj lug lub plawv kab mob nres. Irina dim nws tus txiv los ntawm 13 lub xyoos, nws yog ib qho nyuaj hloov nyob rau hauv 2009 lwm txaus ntshai poob - txoj kev tuag ntawm nws tus tub. Mob nrog mob ntsws ntawm lub ntsws, nws yuav tsis tau thaum nws lub malaise thiab sab laug. Kuv tau ploj mus kom tau raws li nrog cov neeg uas yog ua tsaug muaj nuj nqis, uas nws hlub ntau tshaj li lub neej nws tus kheej.

Lub cim xeeb ntawm cov Soviet kws sau paj lug Anatolia Zhigulina ciaj sia niaj hnub no. Tom tsev, qhov chaw uas nws nyob ua ntej nws tawm mus tsev rau lub peev (Str. Kawm Ntawv, 32), ib tug memorial quav hniav twb unveiled nyob rau hauv 2002. Posthumously luam tawm phau ntawv ntawm paj huam thiab prose "Far tswb", xws li cov tsiaj ntawv los ntawm cov txawj nyeem ntawv, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv.