Yuav ua li cas yog lub Lorentz quab yuam

Yuav ua li cas yog lub Lorentz quab yuam? Xav txog tej yam ib tug zoo ntawm ib puag ncig uas ris kab siv ntawm lub electromagnetic teb. Yog hais tias koj tso nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no ntawm tej fais xwb (nws yuav ua tau raws li qib qis particle thiab ib tug them lub cev), ces nws yuav tau muab rau tej yam uas cov F, hu ua "Lorentz quab yuam". Ib tug ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb - yog lub xub ntiag ntawm lub particle acceleration. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, tus nqi yog rooj noj. Muaj yog ib tug qauv rau suav txiav txim ntawm nws tam sim no tus nqi:

F = Q * (E + ((1 / c) * v) * B),

qhov twg Q - xwb; E - kev siv ntawm cov hluav taws xob field; B - magnetic teb lub dag lub zog; v - tshaj tawm los ntawm lub particle nqa tus nqi; c - ib qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb.

Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov duab kos tau tshwm. Muaj yog ib tug ntau txoj kev sau ntawv nws, uas los txiav txim seb dab tsi yog qhov Lorentz quab yuam, cov kev taw qhia vectors thiab lawv muaj peev xwm kuj muaj.

Raws li twb hais (thiab pom los ntawm cov qauv), nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb lub zog. Qhov tseeb hais tias tus nqi zog vim nws sis raug zoo nrog lub teb muaj lub EMF (electromotive quab yuam). Thiab nws tsis muaj nqi dab tsi rau qhov xwm ntawm tej yam, pib zog (lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, nqi ua rau txhua lwm yam thiab thiaj li nyob.).

Piv nrog rau lwm cov yeeb yam, cov Lorentz dag zog yuam yog ncaj qha correlated nrog cov lus xaus ntawm Lenz thiab raug rau nws cov kev cai. Nco qab lub essence ntawm lub yav tas. Qhov kev txiav txim sib sib zog tsa los ntawm cov electromotive quab yuam nyob rau hauv lub mus xwb nyob rau hauv lub teb, yeej ib txwm taw qhia kom paub nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev (nws yog ib tug vector kom muaj nuj nqis), kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov nyob rau hauv acceleration.

Ib tug yuav hais tias cov Lorentz dag zog yuam yog txiav txim los ntawm lub Coulomb sis ntawm cov nqi thiab ob tug ntxiv Cheebtsam txuam nrog lub suab ntawm - influences lub magnetic thiab hluav taws xob field zog. Feem ntau, rau piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem siv cov nram qab qauv: nyob rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb nrog induction vectors B muaj yog ib tug ya neeg xyuas pib ntev L thiab tus ntoo khaub lig-sectional cheeb tsam S, uas cov hluav taws xob tam sim no I. Xeem ncaj qha nyob rau hauv lub kom muaj nuj nqis Q xwb muaj dua los ntawm ib chav tsev ntim rau ib lub sij hawm ( ie, rau tus ceev v). Li no, qhov yuav tsum tau quab yuam (Lorentz) yog tus piv ntawm hauv sab nraud quab yuam, ib tug tej yam nyob rau txhua them nyiaj cab kuj nyob rau hauv ib tug muab ntim rau hauv lub xov tooj xwb conductors.

Yog hais tias peb xav txog cov vector ntau, lub Lorentz dag zog yuam yog ib txwm qhia lawv mus rau cov kev taw qhia thiab ceev ntawm induction. Nws yog heev yooj yim los mus txiav txim nws orientation, yog hais tias peb siv lub zoo-paub sab laug-tes txoj cai. Ua li no, lub hlwb xibtes ntawm nws sab laug tes muab tso rau tom ntej no mus rau neeg xyuas pib yog li ntawd plaub ntiv tes qhia cov kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv uas hluav taws xob tam sim no ntws, thiab cov vector ntawm lub induction teb twb qhia perpendicular mus rau lub xibtes. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo (txoj cai lub nrog rau tus so) yuav taw tes rau tus quab yuam vector ua rau cov nqi. Ib tug ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm no quab yuam yog hais tias nws hloov xwb cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov tshaj tawm vector ntawm txhua tus ntawm cov them hais, thaum tsis hloov lub zog ntawm cov lus tsa suab (kinetic zog).

Tom qab ib lub sij hawm tom qab qhib tau pom, thiab kev siv ntawm lub Lorentz quab yuam. Ib qho ntawm feem nto moo - yog nws manifestation nyob rau hauv lub Hall nyhuv. Tshuav rau nws nyob rau hauv no offset phenomenon tshwm sim, thiab cov tsos ntawm tej xwb nyob rau hauv cov conductive phaj (ribbon). Lub Hall nyhuv yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam measuring pab kiag li lawm thiab sensors. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj nqis ntsoov teev yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam CRT CRT uas siv cov deflection nyhuv directional magnetic teb rau tsiv them hais tawm txim liab los ntawm lub electrodes ( "phom") rau electrons coated phosphor saum npoo deflected mus rau lub ntsiab lus uas nws coordinates paub precisely vim sis teb kab thiab xwb tsiv hais .