Teem ib lub teeb ntawm pob zeb ua zog: nta, hom, technology thiab qhov tseem ceeb kev ua tau zoo indicators, As

Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb ntsuas ntawm lub zoo ntawm qhob ua zog. Yog hais tias koj paub koj tus kheej nrog rau cov uas yuav tsum tau ntawm lub xeev cov qauv, nws yog tau mus nrhiav kev qhia txog tias lub zog yuav sib txawv ntawm M50 rau 800. Muaj cov ncauj Txawm li cas los, ib qho ntawm feem nrov hom yog lub pob zeb los ntawm cov M100 rau 500.

Tua lub sij hawm

Ib tug tov ntawm pob zeb ua rau ib tug tej lub sij hawm tom qab pouring yuav kis tau cov kev kawm tau zoo zog. Qhov no lub sij hawm luv yog hu ua tus kab lub sij hawm, tej zaum nws yuav nqa tawm tom qab daim ntawv thov ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv txheej. Sij hawm teem qhob zog qhia lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm uas cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav cuag tau ntau tshaj zog ntau. Yog hais tias ib txwm tej yam kev mob yog kev cawm dim, ces nws yuav siv sij hawm 28 hnub.

Tus thawj tsib hnub - lub sij hawm thaum lub sij hawm uas yuav tsum tau sib hardening. Tab sis thaum 7 hnub tom qab kawm tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas nce mus txog 70% lub zog. Ntxiv siv ua hauj lwm yog pom zoo kom pib tom qab ncav lub meej zog ntawm dab tsi tshwm sim tom qab 28 hnub. Sij hawm teem qhob lub zog thaum lub sij hawm tej zaum yuav sib txawv rau ib tug neeg mob. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim los mus txiav txim rau lub sij hawm, nqa tawm niaj hnub ntsuam xyuas kuaj.

Lwm yam uas koj yuav tsum paub

Yog hais tias ua hauj lwm rau lub tsev cov vaj tse siv nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub sov so rau lub sij hawm, rau optimize cov ncu tus kab mob sib tov thiab tau nws lub cev thiab txhua yam khoom ntawm tus txheej txheem yuav tsum tau mus ntxiv rau kev tsim kho formwork thiab tawm mus rau paub tab tom qab lub dismantling ntawm lub laj kab. Teem ib lub teeb ntawm pob zeb ua lub dag lub zog nyob rau hauv lub txias yuav sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua tau ib tug kawm qib zog, nws yog tsim nyog los muab cov cua kub ntawm pob zeb thiab waterproofing. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias qis kub ua rau kom qeeb lub polymerization.

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav muab lub dag lub zog tshwm sim sai li sai tau, thiab thaum lub sij hawm ntawm qhob raug twb tsis tshua, nws yog tsim nyog los ntxiv rau cov khoom xyaw peskobeton uas vodoprotsentnoe piv tsawg heev. Yog hais tias lub MAAs thiab dej yog ntxiv nyob rau hauv ib qho ratio ntawm plaub mus rau ib tug, ces lub hnub yuav raug txiav nyob rau hauv ib nrab. Yog xav tau xws li ib tug tshwm sim muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tsum tau supplemented los ntawm plasticizers. Cov sib tov yuav paub tab sai yog tias artificially tsa nws kub.

Control ntawm lub Curing

Yuav kom teem lub sij hawm ib tug txheej ntawm qhob lub zog twb pom, rau tej lub sij hawm - mus txog rau ib lub lim tiam - nws yog tsim nyog los siv ntsuas kom paub meej lub tej yam kev mob rau cov laus tov. Nws yog tsim nyog los ua cua sov, humidify thiab chaw nres nkoj ya raws thiab tshav kub-insulating cov ntaub ntawv.

Ua li no, thaum tshav kub kub phom yog siv ntau heev. Kev mloog yog them rau cov kws txawj pom zoo kom wetting lub chaw. Tom qab 7 hnub tom qab casting nyob rau hauv cov tej yam kev mob, yog hais tias tus ambient kub yuav thaj tsam li ntawm 25 mus rau 30 ° C, tus tsim yuav loaded.

kev faib ntawm concretes

Yog hais tias MAAs yog siv nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm nws cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj tuab aggregates, uas cia tau hnyav compositions, lub sib tov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau qib M50-M800. Yog hais tias ua ntej koj ua vaj tse qib M50-M450, rau nws cov kev npaj ntawm qhov ntxeem tau fillers siv, uas tau txais lub teeb compositions. Qhob muaj ib hom tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub M50, M150, yog hais tias nws yog heev yooj yim los yog lub teeb, zoo li cellular.

Tsim qhob qib yuav tsum tau txiav txim nyob rau theem ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov kev siv ntawm tus kwv. Qhov no yam ntxwv yog muab, raws li nyob rau hauv cov kuj mus axial compression nyob rau hauv-ntsuas kuaj. Cov yooj yim siv designs yog ib tug axial tensile hom ntawm cement no ces txiav txim siab txij ntawd lawm.

Ib co ntawm qhob zog (set lub sij hawm lub sij hawm nro) yuav kav ntev dua thaum cov microscopic hom ntawm compressive zog. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm siab zog khoom tensile zog txoj kev loj hlob yog slowing. Nyob ntawm seb dab tsi muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm sib tov thiab hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm qhov kev siv, thiab txiav txim hauv chav kawm ntawv hom zog.

Qhov tseem check cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov nram qab no hom:

• M50.
• M75.
• M100.

Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb lug. Thaum tsa Siv thiab vaj tse uas yuav tsum tau siab zog qhob yog siv M300 hom. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub lwm ntawm lub Screed yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los mus siv ib feem ntawm lub hom M200. Feem ntau yog cov muaj zog cements lub hom pib nrog M500.

Nyob tos rau kub curing

Yog hais tias koj npaj siab yuav mus siv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, koj yuav tsum paub cov zajlus ntawm ib tug txheej ntawm qhob lub zog nyob rau hauv kub. Raws li hais saum toj no, qhov chaw tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm thawj ob peb hnub tom qab nws tov. Tab sis rau cov kawm tiav ntawm thawj kauj ruam yuav tsum tau lub sij hawm uas tus ambient kub influences.

Piv txwv li, thaum kub yog khaws cia ntawm ib ncig 20 ° C los yog siab dua thiab chaw yuav siv sij hawm teev. Cov txheej txheem pib thaum 2 teev tom qab lub sib tov yog npaj, thiab ua kom tiav nyob rau hauv 3 h. Lub sij hawm thiab qhov tus kawm tiav theem nyob rau hauv lub txias SNAP yuav tsiv mus nyob rau qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ntau tshaj li ib hnub. Thaum tus pas ntsuas kub yog khaws cia ntawm xoom, cov txheej txheem pib dua 6-10 teev tom qab kev npaj ntawm cov tshuaj, thiab nws kav txog 20 teev tom qab casting.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub ntau ntxiv thiab kom tsis txhob muaj cov viscosity. Nyob rau hauv ib tug thawj kauj ruam, cov tshuaj tseem movable. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, nws yog ua tau rau pheev ib cov neeg kho tshuab txiav txim, muab lub Desired zoo tsim. qhov chaw kawm kauj ruam yuav raug ncua los ntawm kev siv thixotropy mechanism, exerting txhua yam kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv sib tov. Stirring ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb tov khoom muab extension thawj theem.

Feem pua ntawm cov pob zeb ua lub dag lub zog ntawm cov khoom muaj npe nyob rau kub thiab lub sij hawm

Oob khab builders feem ntau xav lub sij hawm teem qhob zog B25 ° C. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, txhua yam yuav yog nyob ntawm seb qib ntawm vaj tse thiab hardening lub sij hawm. Yog hais tias siv thaum nws Portland MAAs hauv M 400 mus rau 500, nws thiaj li yuav muaj peev xwm tau txais pob zeb M200-300. Tom qab ib hnub nyob rau kub ntawm nws cov feem pua ntawm cov compressive zog ntawm qib muaj pes tsawg leeg 23. Tom qab ob, peb hnub, qhov no daim duab yuav nce mus rau 40 thiab 50%, ntsig txog.

5, 7 thiab 14 hnub qhov feem pua ntawm qib zog yog sib npaug zos rau 65, 75 thiab 90%, ntsig txog. Sij hawm teem qhob zog B30 ° C dog dig hloov. Tom qab ib hnub thiab ob lub dag lub zog yuav tsum 35 thiab 55% feem ntawm branding. Tom qab peb, tsib thiab xya hnub lub zog yog sib npaug zos rau 65, 80 thiab 90%, ntsig txog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias kev ruaj ntseg ntxawg lub sij hawm yog sib npaug zos rau 50%, thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm yuav pib tsuas yog thaum lub pob zeb ua zog tau mus txog lub cim ntawm 72% ntawm tus nqi ntawm hom.

Cov tseem ceeb heev zog ntawm vaj tse, nyob ntawm seb lub hom: xyuas

Tam sim ntawd tom qab pouring cov tshuaj attains lub zog vim tshav kub tiam, tab sis tom qab cov dej khov txheej txheem nres. Yog hais tias lub chaw ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no los yog lub caij nplooj zeeg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau ntxiv rau kev daws ntawm dej ntsuab sib tov. Tom qab pw lub aluminous MAAs emits ntau kub 7 lub sij hawm tshaj tib yam Portland MAAs. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias lub npaj sib tov nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawd yuav tau txais lub dag lub zog thiab nyob txo kub.

Thaum cov kev ceev ntawm tus txheej txheem yog pawg ntau thiab hom. Tshaj nws yog qis dua lub saum toj no yuav tseem ceeb heev zog. Sij hawm teem qhob lub zog, txheej txheem cej luam ntawm uas yog qhia nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm ntawd hais tias ib tug tseem ceeb heev zog qhob qib ntawm M15 150 yog 50%. Rau lug ua los ntawm prestressed qhob hom ntawm M200 rau 300, qhov no tus nqi yog 40% ntawm cov branding. Qhob nyiaj muas los ntawm M400 500 muaj ib tug tseem ceeb heev zog tsis pub dhau 30%.

Hardening ntawm qhob nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev

Sij hawm teem qhob zog (SNP 52-01-2003) tsis yog tas lub hlis. Mus ua kom tiav tus txheej txheem ntawm tua yuav siv li ob peb lub xyoos. Tab sis koj yuav txhais tau lub pob zeb ua cim tom qab 4 lub lis piam. Durability tsim yuav nrhiav nyob txawv speeds. Feem ntau cov sib no hais nyob rau hauv thawj lub lim tiam. Tom qab 3 lub hlis, lub dag lub zog nce ntawm 20%, tom qab tus txheej txheem yog slowed down, tab sis tsis nres. Daim duab yuav ob npaug nyob rau hauv peb lub xyoos, yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tus txheej txheem no:

• lub sij hawm;
• av noo;
• kub;
• qib ntawm qhob.

Heev feem ntau, novice builders muaj wondering nyob rau hauv dab tsi qhua sij hawm teem qhob lub zog muaj peev xwm yuav nrhiav tau. Yog hais tias koj saib nyob rau hauv GOST 18105-2010, koj yuav kawm tau nyob rau hauv ntau yam txog qhov no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yog hais tias qhov kub thiab txias ncaj qha muaj feem xyuam rau lub caij ntawm tus txheej txheem. Piv txwv li, nyob rau ntawm lub 40 ° C vintage tus nqi yog mus txog rau hauv ib lub lim tiam. Yog li ntawd, nws yog tsis pom zoo kom nqa tawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no. Tom qab sov tuaj lub pob zeb ua rau nws tus kheej problematic, qhov no koj yuav tau siv tshwj xeeb cov khoom thiab pre-muaj cuab kav nrog technology. Tab sis lub sib tov twb rhuab ntau tshaj 90 ° C thiab tag tsis tsim nyog.

xaus

Tom qab saib lub sij hawm ntawm curing, koj yuav to taub hais tias lub Stripping tshwm sim thaum lub dag lub zog ntawm cov qauv no yog ntau tshaj li 50% ntawm tus nqi ntawm hom. Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias tus ambient kub poob rau hauv qab no 10 ° C, tus vintage tus nqi yog mus txog thiab tom qab 2 lub lim piam. Cov huab cua tej yam kev mob hais qhov yuav tsum tau rau cua sov rau cov cam khwb cia tov.