Su-34: kev piav qhia thiab specifications. tub rog aviation

Qhov no yog ntau zoo li ib tug bomber interceptor. Nws muaj lub unofficial npe menyuam yaus "os" ua vim muaj ib tug kev hauv daim ntawv ntawm tus hneev. Kom txog rau thaum nyuam qhuav peb sau txog nws ib tug me ntsis, tab sis tam sim no cov xov xwm raws feem ntau feature ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv lub Syrian ntuj Su-34 thiab Su-24M yog thov rau high-precision ntaus rau cov kab ntawm kev sib txuas lus, lub tsev hauv paus thiab arsenals neeg ua phem lub xeev LIH. Nws yuav sib cav hais tias cov pem hauv ntej-line bombers tau ua nto moo. Nyob rau ib tug ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau zaj dab neeg.

Keeb kwm thiab tsab

Yuav tsum mus rau lub interceptor thiab tactical bomber sib txawv thiab txawm dog dig nrog kom. Txawm li cas los, lub Soviet aircraft manufacturers twb muaj kev transformation ntawm fighter aircraft nyob rau hauv lub yuam deev. Cov naas ej "pawn" - Pe-2 - ua ntej tsov rog twb xeeb raws li ib tug ntxaib-engine hnyav fighter altitude. Kws muaj txuj ci yuav tsum tau "repurpose" nws mus rau hauv ib tug dhia dej bomber, thiab txawm redesigning seemed problematic, nws muab tawm zoo heev. Ib yam dab tsi uas zoo sib xws tshwm sim nrog interceptor Su-27. Nyob rau hauv 1986, Sukhoi pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws cov feem kev hloov kho, tau txais lub T-10B, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav twb paub lawm, nyob rau hauv lub kawg, lub tswvyim ntawm universal "nres aircraft" muaj peev xwm nqa loj sib ntaus los load rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub battlefield thiab muaj txaus agility rau sib ntaus sib tua rov qab yeeb ncuab aircraft. Nyob rau hauv lub tsim txoj kev designers, nws tau los ua tseeb hais tias cov pa cubicle "txim" yog tsis haum rau lub hom phiaj no. lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua los ntawm 1990: ib tug tshiab qhov ntswg ntawm tus naas ej "os tus kaus ncauj". Los ntawm nruab nrab-nineties, lub Su-34 tau tau nws cov nom lub npe (nws tau mus xyuas thiab T-10B-5 thiab Su-32FN). Tab sis nws puas tau txais yuav officially xwb nyob rau hauv 2014.

pom sib txawv

Externally kev sib ntaus los aircraft Su-34 yog zoo li nws cov "txwv zeej txwv koob" ntawm lub Su-27, yam tsawg kawg ntawm afar. Ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws kev soj ntsuam ntawm txawm tias ib tug sau ntes ib co cuab kev sib txawv nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag. Cov hneev nti ntawm lub txhab pilots zaum sab ntawm sab, es ib tug tom qab lwm yam, ntau npaum li cas haib tshaj steel tsaws iav, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lub qhov ntswg. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, thiab tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv kev cov ntsiab lus uas, qhov no txhais tau tias lub hauv paus tsim nteg glider interceptor Su-27 yog yus raws li ib tug qub dvuhkilevoe aerodynamic tsim nrog tag nrho-tsiv elevators. Tsis tam sim ntawd tshwm uninitiated qhov muag elongation (raws li muab piv nrog rau cov chiv keeb) sagging ntawm tis paus, mus cua intakes, tsis muaj ventral fins thiab ua pes tsawg tus sab nraud hardpoints. Rau tag nrho nws cov zoo sib xws nrog interceptor Su-34 - ib tug tactical bomber thiab yog li ntawd, yuav tsum nqa ntau thiab deb tshaj nws cov tsab.

alarm

Tam sim no tsim kev hloov yuav tsum tau hais txog hauv kev tshaj qhia. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov peb yuav tsom ntsoov rau cov cuab paub meej tsos. Cockpit Su-34 muab ob npaug rau, nws nkag yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug me ntsis nruab nrab kem abuts lub sab sauv ntug ntawm lub daug nyob qab tus hneev flaps khib. Qhov no zoo heev simplifies tus txheej txheem ntawm txais tus tsav thiab navigator ntawm lawv cov rooj zaum. Cov neeg coob thaum lub sij hawm lub davhlau yog muab rau tag nrho cov tsim nyog tej yam kev mob rau xis habitability, xws li khoom noj khoom haus cua kub ntaus ntawv, lub tshuab nqus tsev hwj thiab Cesspool ntaus ntawv. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg xav tias cov pilots uas tau nyob, nws yuav tau txais thiab sov li - qhov chaw rau qhov no yog heev txaus.

Tab sis lub Su-34 tsis yog tsuas yog nyiam thiab ergonomic. Sukhoi neeg coob muab kev kho mob ntawm kev tiv thaiv: nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb titanium bronekapsuly uas nws cov hauj lwm zoo twb tau soj ntsuam lawm nyob rau hauv xyaum. Nyob ib ncig ntawm tib lub technology siv nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov Su-25 nres aircraft. Glazed teeb thiab txhim khu kev qha armored.

xyaw

Ob hom turbofan engine AL-31F nrog bypass piv sib npaug zos rau 0,571, tsim ntsawj 12.5 tons txhua, tab sis afterburning yuav ntxiv lwm 300 kg.

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub hwj chim ib yam yog tib yam li cov Su-27. Tej zaum qhov no yog tsis xws li ib tug loj daim duab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj xav txog npaum li cas nyhav lub aircraft Su-34. VKS Lavxias teb sab Federation, txawm li cas los, ntseeg hais tias lub hwj chim txaus los lwv nyob rau hauv lub ntuj uas muaj cov American F-15, tsim los daws tau ib co ntawm cov tib missions. Tseem muaj kev xaiv xws xyaw AL-35F, kev kawm afterburner mus rau 14 tonnes ntawm thrust.

On-board electronics

Lub Su-34 yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug kiag li tshiab avionics, uas yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account uas yuav tsum tau ntawm siab ntseeg (vim sib tshooj) thiab tso cai rau cov qhov tso zis rau lub hom phiaj yeej, siv satellite kev taw qhia cov khoom. Kom paub tias ntau yam (txawm rau tej khoom me me) mus txog 250 km. Qhov no siv tau mus nrhiav rau submarines (txawm yog hais tias lawv tsuas tsa lawv periscopes), txawj ntse, nrhiav cov dej ntawm mined chaw, thiab thiaj li nyob. N. Raws li rau cov teeb meem ntawm ncaj qha ua hauj lwm hom phiaj tshaj lub battlefield, ces qhov no yog hais rau cov uantej thiab lub kaus mom hlau-mounted hluav taws tswj "ob lub qhov muag" uas yuav txo tau lub sij hawm ntawm kev txiav txim siab. Xws li ib tug ntau yam yuav tau tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis muaj kev siv ntawm high-ceev computer hardware puag.

roj system

Yuav kom nce lub ntau yam ntawm cov aircraft yuav tsum tau ntau roj. Plaub tank (peb tsis pub dhau lub fuselage thiab ib tis), thiab nyob rau hauv cov huab cua refuelling system tsim tej yam kev mob rau nres nyob rau hauv nyob deb lub hom phaj, uas theem tau Su-34 xaiv yaam kuaj. Ib tug zawv zawg bar ob, lawv yog tsim los ua hauj lwm nrog cua tankers Il-76 thiab lwm yam refuelling, lub riam phom ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation Videoconferencing. Tsis tas li ntawd, nce lub davhlau khwv ntawm lub ncua kev kawm ntawv txhawb nqa tau ntawm sab nraud tso tsheb hlau luam tawm tom qab takeoff.

neeg coob ntawm cov txhais tau tias ntawm txoj kev cawm seej

Cov pilots coj lawv qhov chaw los ntawm ib tug qis nruab nrab kem, dhau los ntawm cov kis pem hauv ntej lub rooj, thiab nws yog tawm ntawm lub dav hlau thaum lub davhlau twb tsis muaj teeb meem. Bailout nqa tawm los ntawm cov pa txhais tau tias, mus txog, thiab cov kev ceev thiab siab tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ncaws rooj K-36DM thaum muaj xwm ceev kev khiav airship zoo txaus, txhua pab pawg neeg muaj ib tug portable thaum muaj xwm ceev, txawm peem rau nrog lub xov tooj cua beacon, lub neej nkoj, cov khoom pab, khoom noj khoom haus thiab lwm yam txhais tau tias ntawm cov ciaj sia taus tom qab tsaws. Nyob rau hauv sib ntaus lub neej yog ensured antigravity cov looj ib ce, kev tiv thaiv nyiam thiab oxygen cia.

chassis

Ua qhov tau nqa los-off hnyav heev tau raug dictated los ntawm tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau rau lub tshiab chassis - nws tau ua ntau haib, carriage-hom. Tau kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm tag nrho cov-scale tub rog teeb meem, runways ntawm airfields thiab lub ntsiab mob yog tus struts rau lub Su-34 nrog tsawg npaj qhov chaw.

Tus tshiab ntsiab tsaws los ua bulkier piv rau lub Su-27, uas yuav tsum tau ntxiv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub fuselage. Uas yog vim li cas huab cua intakes mechanization simplified.

weaponry

Yuav kom haum raws li ib tug ntau yam riam phom systems, muaj peb ventral ntawm lwm ncua kev kawm ntawv thiab yim underwing. Sib nrug los ntawm lawv, nws muaj ib tug built-bomber cannon caliber 30 mm GS-301 hom. Yog li ntawd yuav ua li cas xav txog tag nrho cov tau xaiv rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ua hauj ib puag ncig yog tsis tau, thiab muab ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm huab cua sib ntaus los. Yuav kom defeat tus yeeb ncuab aircraft rau hangers tej zaum yuav mus rau kaum ob cuaj luaj "huab cua-rau-cua" hom P-27 ntev-ntau los yog medium-8 (P-77) los yog tsawg (P-73). Tab sis tsis yog rau dogfighting yeej tsim lub legendary Su-34. Ntau yam riam phom uas muaj cov neeg muaj feem xyuam rau hauv av lub hom phaj. Qhov no winged X-59M (3 pcs.), Thiab cov pa anti-nkoj missiles, coj thiab unguided bombs (fougasses ntawm 100 mus rau 500 kg) thiab Nursaya nyob rau hauv cassettes.

yam ntxwv ntawm

Qhov ntev nyob rau hauv kev kwv yees li tib yam li hais tias ntawm lub Su-27 (14.7 m - wingspan, 22 m - ntev thiab txog 6 m - siab). Tej takeoff hnyav - 39 tons, uas yog ntau tshaj li qhov hnyav interceptor, tab sis tsawg dua li feem ntau ntawm cov tswv yim bombers. Txawm li cas los, tej zaum nws yuav ntau tshaj 44 m nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws load. Lub aircraft yuav ncav cuag speeds ntawm 900 km / h nyob rau ntawm ib qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 11 txhiab. Thiab 1400 km / h nyob rau saum npoo. Combat ntau yam ntawm los ntawm 600 mus 1130 km, nyob ntawm seb tus nqi ntawm cov roj thiab cov ntaj los sis phom, ferry ntau nce mus txog 4500 km. Qab nthab (Tswv yim) - 17 txhiab. Tus nqi ntawm ntau kev khiav hauj lwm overload raws li lub maneuverable interceptor - 7 g.

kev sib ntaus los kev

Tsuas yog kev tsom xam ntawm lub sijhawm uas nws ncaj qha kev koom tes nyob rau hauv ib cov tub rog tsis sib haum yuav muab ib tug yeej muaj tseeb duab ntawm lub pros thiab cons, uas muaj ib tug sib ntaus sib tua nrog rau cov Su-34. Specifications lawv tus kheej hais tias ib tug ntau, tab sis, raws li qhov no bomber rau export tsis tau xa, yuav txiav txim rau nws xwb los ntawm Lavxias teb sab pilots thiab xyuas qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm nws ua nyob rau hauv ib tug tiag tiag qhov teeb meem no. Thaum lub sij hawm lub South Ossetian lag luam ntawm lub Su-34 yog tsis siv rau direct hluav taws ntaus, txawm li cas los, tau pab mus rau cov hluav ntawm cov kev ua ntawm lub Georgian huab cua tiv thaiv systems, tsim hluav taws xob jamming, disorient lawv. No ua ntej lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv kev xyaum nws yog siv compact EW "Khibiny", ntsia nyob rau sab nraud hardpoints.

From thaum pib ntawm cov tub rog ua hauj lwm rau ib ncig ntawm lub RAA Lavxias teb sab chaw ua dav hlua pab pawg neeg muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv rau Su-34 bombers, uas nyob rau lub sij hawm no yog siv rau lawv npaj lub hom phiaj, uas yog nqa tawm tawm tsam nrog kev siv ntawm high-raug riam phom. Nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Raqqa thiab Madan Jadida lawv pov tseg kom ua posts, kev sib txuas lus chaw zov me nyuam, arsenals, kev cob qhia camps thiab lwm yam infrastructure ntawm cov neeg ua phem lub xeev ntawm cov tub rog. Cov kev siv ntawm cov aircraft txuas ntxiv, thiab, feem ntau yuav, yuav nce ntaiv hauv pace. Qhov no assumption yog raws li nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv siab ua los ntawm SU-34. Tam sim no, lawv muaj pes tsawg nyob rau hauv lub Middle East ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntau zog rau ib lub teb.

Tiag tiag lub xeev thiab cov kev npaj

Niaj hnub no tus xov tooj ntawm Su-34, muaj raws ntawm caj npab ntawm Videoconferencing, yog tsis tsawg tshaj li 83 units. Ntawm cov ntau lawm ua qauv - 75, thiab 8 siv rau debugging thiab kev soj ntsuam. Nyob rau hauv kev, cov plaub bombers yog nyob rau hauv lub davhlau xeem chaw ntawm lawv. Chkalov nyob rau hauv lub Astrakhan cheeb tsam (Akhtubinsk). Cov uas twb muaj lawm tub rog (regiments) thoob plaws lub teb chaws - los ntawm Murmansk rau Rostov thiab los ntawm Khabarovsk rau Voronezh - cov dav hlau no yog ib feem ntawm lub mixed units. Raws li daim ntawv cog lus kos npe nrog lub Ministry ntawm kws muaj txuj ci nyob rau hauv 2008, nws twb teem kom muab 32 units totaling dua 33 billion rubles, uas nws muaj peev xwm yuav xaus lus tias, yuav ua li cas npaum li cas yog cov Su-34 (me ntsis ntau tshaj ib tug billion txhua). Nyob rau hauv 2008, qhov kev txiav txim twb tau nce los ntawm ib tug ntxiv 92 bomber. Qhuav puag tau ua Novosibirsk Aircraft tsob nroj (Napo). Tam sim no cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv-line tej cov machine, uas zoo heev txog cov nqi.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej ntxiv thiab ntau dua khov kho tab sis outdated Su-24 tso kom muaj kab muaj kev yuav hloov lub Su-34. Kev yam ntxwv ntawm tus qauv tshiab ua raws li cov qauv ntawm cov "plaub ob-plus" tiam, uas yuav xyuas kom meej nws ib tug ntev kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Cua Dag Zog Yuam.