Rudyard Kipling: biography thiab tej hauj lwm

Tiag feemxyuam tus neeg yuav tsum txawj ntse nyob rau hauv txhua yam. Pom ntawm cov lus - Dzhozef Redyard Kipling. Cov biography ntawm tus txiv neej no, nyob rau hauv particular, qhov tseeb uas tau txais cov Nobel nqi zog nyob rau hauv plaub caug-ob hnub nyoog - cov ntawv pov thawj txog qhov no. Txawj sau ntawv, kws sau paj lug thiab txawj sau ntawv hlub neeg thiab xwm, xav nyob rau hauv txhua yam, ib tug ntau ntawm kev nyeem ntawv. Nws yog ib tug siab tawv, yeej ib txwm tau ib tug ntshiab kev thiab nom tswv txoj hauj lwm. Nws ntseeg hais tias muaj yog ib tug "noble ntshai" uas yuav tsum tau qhia los ntawm tag nrho cov neeg - rau txoj hmoo ntawm lwm tus neeg. Raws li ib tug Briton rau kev kawm ntawv, nws yeej ib txwm xav tias ntawm Is Nrias teb, uas paub cov lus, nws ob lub tsev.

Yuav ua li cas ua hauj lwm ua nto moo los ntawm Rudyard Kipling?

Raws li yog lub npe hu, lub British paj huam - ib qho ntawm lub richest txuj ci nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, Dzhordzh Gordon Byron, Uilyam Shekspir, Metyu Arnold, Charlotte Bronte. Yog li ntawd, cov Schedule ntau yam ntawm lub British pej xeem mus sim tus naas ej BBC xov tooj cua mus rau npe rau lawv nyiam kwv huam. Championship (thiab los ntawm ib tug txiav txim paj tau paj!) Tau koom Kipling "tej lus nkaw." Txawm li cas los, yam tsawg kawg nws yog lub npe hu tseem raws li ib tug txawj sau ntawv. Kipling Creativity yog multifaceted. Ntawm cov feem ntau zoo kawg li ntawm nws tej hauj lwm - tus tshiab "Kim" thiab ib tug sau ntawm zaj dabneeg luv luv, "Lub Zoov nuj txeeg Phau Ntawv."

Picturesque kab ntawm no txawj sau ntawv. Tseeb, "Lub Zoov nuj txeeg Phau ntawv" yuav rightly yuav hu ua lub luag kwv huam. Yog li ntawd sau peb classics Turgenev thiab Gogol, tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, ntawm Russia. Mosaic ntawm 15 zaj dabneeg luv luv, "Lub Zoov nuj txeeg Phau ntawv" muaj cov dab neeg hais txog Mowgli, uas koom siab ua ke 8 ntawm lawv, thiab lwm yam dab neeg hais txog tej txiaj ntsim nrog tib neeg co uas muaj ntsis Indian cov tsiaj, hais txog ib tug siab tawv mongoose Rikki-Tikki-Tavi, cov miv uas mus taug kev ib leeg-rau-nws tus kheej. Kipling zaj dab neeg ntawm tus tub Mowgli, coj mus ib lub pob ntawm hma, nws hais siab phem Tsov Sherhanu pheej tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tas lauv thiab paub rau tag nrho cov me nyuam.

lub txawj sau ntawv thaum yau

Lub narrative ntawm Is Nrias teb tus naas ej Kipling. Nws biography pib nyob rau hauv Bombay, qhov uas nws tau yug los nyob rau hauv 1936. Nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, nws siv nws lub thaum yau. Lub teb chaws nws yeej paub thiab hlub. Lub muaj zog, feem ntau tiag tiag li thaum yau impressions tub ntawm lub rector ntawm cov Bombay tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov kos duab txuam nrog fairy tales Indian neeg ntiav zov menyuam-tsiaj (tus tub hluas yog zoo paub txog thiab muaj peev xwm hais lus nyob rau hauv Hindi).

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm rau, nws raug xa mus hais nyob rau hauv ib tug ntiav nce - qhia tau hais tias Phau ntawv sau txog Kipling. Rau cov me nyuam uas yog siv los tso cov colonial lub neej yog feem ntau yooj yim rau siv tau rau tho lub guesthouse. Nws tsis yog cov nyiam rau tus hostess nyiaj laus. Puas kev tsis ncaj ncees thiab kev phem heev uas cov txawj sau ntawv tau ntsib nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, nws tom qab ua tswvcuab nyob rau hauv lub luv luv zaj dab neeg "Lub Dub Yaj".

cov tub ntxhais hluas

Cov txiv thaum xub thawj ntseeg hais tias nws yog ib tug tub ceev xwm yuav tsum yog tus hluas Kipling. Biography qhia tau hais tias cov tub hluas ntawm tsug kaum peb nws twb mus nyob hauv lub Devon School (nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb - lub analogue ntawm peb Suvorov), uas yog ib tug springboard rau yav tom ntej tub ceev xwm, xav mus rau hauv lub npe nrov tub rog academy. Boyish "float", doog thiab "mini-sib ntaus sib tua" nrog bullies, kawm ntawv ua ke - tag nrho cov no yuav tsum muab qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej pab neeg ua ntej tau txais kev lees paub ntawm "nws". Yauxej hlub lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov kev pab cuam. Qhov no lub sij hawm ntawm nws lub neej qhia rau storybook "Stalky & ^Co." Muaj nws pom nws tej txuj ci txawj sau ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov neeg pluag pom tsis muab kev cia siab rau ib tug tub rog ua hauj lwm. Leej Txiv recalled 17-xyoo-laus tug txiv neej hluas nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, qhov uas nws pom ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub "Civil thiab cov tub rog ntawv xov xwm" rau nws.

Thaum pib ntawm tus kws ua hauj lwm

Namely journalistic paths xeeb dab neeg ntawm Rudyard Kipling. Nws phau ntawv "Lub departmental sau ntawv," yog ib tug zoo. Aspiring txawj sau ntawv paub lus Hindustani lus, nws yog ze rau qhov Indian nyeem ntawv, nws yog to taub thiab hlub. 34-xyoo-laus txawj sau ntawv, twb paub nyob rau hauv teb chaws Aas Kiv, tuaj txog nyob rau hauv London rau "ua ib lub npe". Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog cov American Wolcott Balestier, ib tug publisher nyob rau zaj dab neeg "Naulahka" tej hauj lwm Kipling. Biography, ib nyuag chronology ntawm nws lub neej yog lub feem ntau nthuav nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no. Nws pom ib tug phooj ywg tiag tiag thiab kuj poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog nws tus muam. Txawm li cas los, tsis ntev puas tau lawv ua hauj lwm ua ke. Tom qab nws tus khub txoj kev tuag los ntawm typhus nws yuav nws tus muam Caroline. Nws sau nws lub npe nrov paj huam "Gunga Din» ( "Gunga Din") thiab "Mandalay".

Vermont lub sij hawm ntawm creativity

Cov hluas ob peb tsiv mus rau Vermont, qhov twg yog luam tawm nyob rau hauv ob tagnrho ntawm "Lub Zoov nuj txeeg Phau ntawv" thiab ib tug sau ntawm kwv huam "Xya Seas". Ntawm no yog nyob rau hauv lub zoo siab rau cov niam txiv ntawm ob tug ntxhais nyob, ces - tus tub. Nws tsim qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshiab ntawm Kipling - "Kim" ib tug Indian me nyuam tub, ragamuffin, cognized tug hauj txawj ntse thiab ua ib tug British neeg soj xyuas. Tom qab ib tug sib cav sib ceg nrog nws tus poj niam txheeb ze peb caug-peb cov txawj sau ntawv thiab nws tsev neeg tsiv mus rau New York. Ntawm no, nws thiab tus ntxhais mob mob ntsws, tom qab uas tus hluas nkauj tuag.

Tsiv mus rau lub UK

Rau ob peb lub hlis nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub South African ntawv xov xwm, ces yuav muaj ib tug private lub tsev nyob rau hauv ces, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Sussex. Nws yog kev koom tes nyob rau hauv nom tswv lub neej thiab pab txhawb lub saib. Rau nws los ib tug confession: lub Nobel nqi zog, mus saib xyuas degrees los ntawm British thiab European universities. Tab sis dua bereavement xav kom txawj sau ntawv. Thaum lub hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog tua nws tus tub. Tus kws sau ntawv thiab nws tus poj niam mob siab tag nrho lawv lub sijhawm los pab cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub Red Cross. Nws yuav luag tsis tau sau ntawv, thiaj li zoo tu siab. Txawm li cas los, nws sai sai no pom ib tug phooj ywg Kipling, uas yog muaj peev xwm "nws co" thiab nyuaj rau lub neej. Lawv los ua ... English Korol Georg V. Cov (txiv neej no yog tsis tshua muaj neeg tus phooj ywg kom txog thaum nws tuag Kipling.) Biography ntawm tus kws qhia tau hais tias yuav ua li cas nws perpetuated lub cim xeeb ntawm nws tus tub, nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv pyatidesyativosmiletnem hnub nyoog zaj dab neeg "Lub Irish tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub Great tsov rog. " Nyuaj yog lub neej ntawm no txawj sau ntawv, muaj tswv yim triumphs, hmoov tsis, feem ntau nrog los ntawm cov tsis hlub sawv daws yuav. Txom nws gastritis tau zus mus rau hauv ib tug peptic rwj. Nws tuag los ntawm sab hauv los ntshav thiab raug faus nyob rau hauv Westminster Abbey.

xaus

Multifaceted creativity ntawm Kipling. Peb paub tias nws, ua tsaug rau ib tug kaj thiab tej yam yees siv cov me nyuam zaj dab neeg "Lub Zoov nuj txeeg Phau Ntawv." Txawm li cas los, muaj yog nws ua hauj lwm, thiab lwm yam sab. Genri Dzheyms hu ua nws "English Balzac." Cov dab neeg "Kim" yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm txog Is Nrias teb nyob rau hauv lus Askiv. Kipling twb saib taus thiab hwm cov neeg laus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshwm thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb no I. Peb classic Konstantin Simonov sau tseg "manly style" Kipling, nws "tub rog txoj kev nruj", "txiv neej".

Tseeb, seb tus unmanly txiv neej yuav hais tias ib tug txiv neej yuav tsum tsis txhob "nres" thiab "txeem mus rau hauv tus ntsuj plig 'triumphs thiab failures, hais tias nws yuav tsum yeej ib txwm kho lawv" detached ".