Philosopher Darendorf Ralf: biography, cov duab thiab nthuav tseeb

Darendorf Ralf - paub philosopher thiab sociologist ntawm lub German-English qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob. Nws tseem yog nto moo rau tej hauj lwm ntawm kev nom kev tswv science, raws li zoo raws li kev koom tes nyob rau hauv pej xeem lub neej. Tau txais kev pab raws li cov thawj coj ntawm lub German sociological Society, muaj nyob rau hauv lub Bundestag, yog Secretary of State, Ministry ntawm Txawv Teb Chaws Affairs ntawm lub Parliament. Nws muaj, ntawm cov founders ntawm lub University of Constance.

cov tub ntxhais hluas Dahrendorf

Darendorf Ralf yug nyob rau hauv 1929, May 1. Nws txiv Gustav yog nyob rau hauv lub Social ywj pheej tog ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, sawv cev los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv lub German parliament. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv 1933, nws poob nws txoj hauj lwm raws li laj mej pej xeem hais lus tawm tsam cov kev cai lij choj kom pab thaum muaj xwm ceev powers rau tsoom fwv. Nrog rau qhov no daim nqi lub hwj chim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog ua tau pauv mus rau tsoom fwv ntawm Adolf Hitler. Dahrendorf txiv tsis tau tsuas yog laj mej pej xeem txwv cov nqi, tab sis pom zoo tawm tsam nws nyob rau hauv parliament. Tom qab qhov kawg lub Nazis tuaj rau lub hwj chim, nws twb puas tau raug ntes thiab poob nws txoj hauj lwm.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II, cov tsev neeg tau tsiv mus rau Ralph Bukov. Nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv, 14-xyoo-laus yav tom ntej sociologists nquag koom nyob rau hauv lub phiaj los nqis tes tiv thaiv tsis tau cov Nazis, yog leaflets. Nws txiv ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov xyoo nyob rau hauv nkaum. Tab sis nws twb puas tau raug ntes dua tom qab lub tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm "conspiracy ntawm generals" thaum lub Xya hli ntuj 20, 1944 nyob rau ib hai sim rau lub Fuhrer. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, feem ntau ntawm cov mej zeej ntawm lub German kuj tau tua los yog repressed.

ntes

Darendorf Ralf nyob rau hauv 1944, yuav raug ntes, tab sis vim hais tias ntawm nws cov hluas nyob rau hauv tsev rau txim nws twb tsis xa. Rau ib ntev lub sij hawm nws tau muaj nyob rau ntawm lub yeej thoj nam nyob ze ntawm lub zos ntawm Shvetig kom txog rau thaum nws twb dim los ntawm Soviet pab tub rog.

Ralph tus txiv yog ib tug staunch tus nrog sib ntaus ntawm kev koom ua ke nyob rau hauv lub Soviet cheeb tsam ntawm lub Social ywj pheej tog ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees nrog lub German Communist. Txav los ntawm Berlin rau Hamburg tsev neeg Dahrendorf pab cov British tub rog. Muaj Ralf dhau lub xeem thiab tau txais ib tug high school diploma.

Nyob rau hauv 1948, Ralph tau sab laug lub teb chaws Yelemees, nws tsiv mus rau teb chaws Askiv, qhov twg nws pib kawm tau los ntawm cov kev cai uas tau muaj lawm qhia tshwj xeeb uas npaj cov Germans, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub British txoj hauj lwm cheeb tsam.

kawm ntawv qib siab

Tau txais kawm ntawv qib siab Darendorf Ralf pib nyob rau hauv lub University of Hamburg. Muaj, nws kawm classical thiab niaj hnub philosophy. Nyob rau hauv 1952 nws defended nws thesis, appreciating cov lus qhuab qhia Karla Marksa.

Nws ces tsiv mus rau London, qhov twg nws kawm Sociology. Nws kawm nyob rau Popper thiab Marshall, lub tom kawg tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug kawm tiav me nyuam kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv 1956 nws defended nws thesis, qhov kev kawm ntawm nws kev tshawb no yog lub kev txawj hauj lwm hauv lub British kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov sociologist Darendorf Ralf kawm cov hoob thiab lawv tej teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub neej uas muaj cov haiv neeg. Nyob rau hauv 1957, qhov no ua hauj lwm hais kom tau ib tug doctoral degree.

Nyob rau hauv nws thawj thawj hauj lwm ntawm Dahrendorf criticized Marx thiab nws lub tswv yim. Los ntawm 1957 mus 1958 nws tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug intern ntawm lub Center rau kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub Behavioral Sciences nyob rau hauv Palo Alto.

nom tswv ua hauj lwm

Darendorf Ralf, uas nws biography yog Ameslikas txuas mus rau lub German Social ywj pheej Party thiab Socialist Union ntawm German menyuam kawm ntawv tseem nyob rau hauv nom tswv yog zoo dua lub npe hu raws li ib tug neeg xyuas pib ntawm mas lub tswv yim.

Nyob rau hauv 1967 nws los ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub Free Democratic tog. Mob siab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub re-orientation ntawm lub tog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 70s. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo, cov sociologist Darendorf Ralf, ib tug yees duab ntawm cov uas nyob rau lub sij hawm uas yog heev nrov, los ua nto moo ua tsaug rau cov kev sib tham nrog cov thawj coj ntawm lub zog ntawm 1968. Ib tug ntawm nws tw yog Rudi Dutschke - German Marxist politician thiab sociologist, uas mus rau sab hnub poob Berlin me nyuam kawm ntawv zog.

Nyob rau hauv 1968, Dahrendorf tau raug xaiv los mus rau lub Parliament ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm Baden-Württemberg. Txoj cai raug thawb lub Liberals. Txawm li cas los, nws tsis ntev muab rau lawv tus kheej txib, ua ib tug mej zeej ntawm lub Bundestag - lub German Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws parliamentary los ua ke.

Tus tsoom fwv Villi Brandta Dahrendorf tau txais kev pab raws li Parliamentary Secretary nyob rau hauv lub Ministry ntawm Txawv Teb Chaws Affairs. Nyob rau hauv 1970, nws tuaj koom lub Brussels chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub European Commissioner rau Economic Society. Nyob rau hauv nws them nyiaj nyob rau lub ntiaj teb no thiab European luam raws li thoob ntiaj teb kev sib raug zoo.

Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev qhia

Nyob rau hauv 1974 nws thau los ntawm nom ua tswv thiab pej xeem lub neej, skontsentirirovavshis rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev qhia ua hauj lwm. Nws sawv ntawm lub taub hau ntawm tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Economics nyob rau hauv London, qhov twg nws ua hauj lwm rau 10 lub xyoo. Tom qab ntawd nws ua hauj lwm rau ob xyoo nyob rau hauv lub University of Konstanz, ces - nyob rau hauv New York. Los ntawm 1987 mus 1989 nws coj raws li Rector ntawm lub College ntawm Oxford University. Parallel thiab tuav txoj hauj lwm ntawm vice-rector ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv 1982 nws tau muab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub British faj tim teb chaws los ntawm ob txhais tes ntawm poj huab tais Elizabeth II. Rau cov pej xeem ntawm teb chaws Aas Kiv yog sib npaug mus rau ib tug lub npe ntawm nom tswv cajceg. Txij li thaum 1988, nws coj British pej xeem, twb ua nyob rau hauv lub neej phooj ywg thiab tau txais lub npe ntawm Baron nyob rau hauv lub London koog tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Westminster.

Ua ntej yuav 1987, coj los ntawm Fridriha Naumana Foundation, uas txuam nrog rau Free Democratic tog ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Ua ib tug British pej xeem, nws tuaj koom lub siab dav kev ywj pheej tog - English peb nom tswv quab yuam.

Nyob rau hauv 1989, lub philosopher Darendorf Ralf twb muab tsub lub Sigmund Freud. Menyuam nws scientific hauj lwm twb soj ntsuam. Nyob rau hauv 1997 nws yeej qhov Teodora Hoysa nqi zog, lub commission sau tseg nws humanitarian thiab socio-thoj ua hauj lwm.

Cov hauj lwm Naumann Foundation

Niaj hnub no Naumann Foundation ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj li 60 lub teb chaws nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Nyob rau hauv kev, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Central, sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qab teb-Eastern Europe. Headquartered nyob rau hauv Potsdam Truman nyob rau villa.

Lub ntsiab ntsiab lus ntawm cov nyiaj, uas nce Dahrendorf, qhov no txoj kev ywj pheej, vaj tse, civil haiv neeg thiab cov kev cai ntawm kev cai lij choj.

Nws lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj - kom ntxiv dag zog civil zej zog. Qhov no yog tiav, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ib tug tej yam cawv nyob rau theem ntawm pej xeem sib cav tswv yim. Tsis tas li ntawd nrog kev ywj pheej thiab macroeconomic dab los ntawm kev koom tes nrog tsev kawm ntawv thiab kev tshawb fawb chaw.

scientific ua hauj lwm

Philosopher Darendorf Ralf, uas nws biography yog zoo txuas uas niaj hnub science, ib tug zoo-paub soj ntsuam ntawm txoj kev tshawb xav ntawm kev sib raug teeb meem. Tus kws tshawb fawb hais tias teeb meem yog inevitable nyob rau hauv tej system ntawm kev coj.

Lub hauv paus ntawm kev muaj teeb meem, raws li nws, lus dag nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv kev txaus qhia neeg sib txawv. Ib txhia neeg muaj lub hwj chim thiab muaj peev xwm tswj tau, feem ntau ntawm cov tib cai muaj. Lub txim ntawm no confrontation yuav aggravation hauv cov contradictions nyob rau hauv zej zog - Dahrendorf sau ntawv.

Muaj yog tsis ncaj nyob rau hauv lub kawg faib ntawm lub hwj chim yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv cov haiv neeg yog tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo neeg ua hauj lwm ntsug nqa.

Yuav ua li cas nrog kev tsis sib haum nyob hauv zej zog?

Dahrendorf ntseeg hais tias kom daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm kev sib raug zoo sib haum nyob hauv zej zog tau. Ntxiv mus, lawv yuav tsum tau muab kho thiab redirected nyob rau hauv txoj cai coj. Lub ntsiab lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no yog muab rau cov tshwj xeeb pej xeem hauv tsev, uas yog tsim nyog los tsim ib tug tsim nyog ib theem zuj zus ntawm kev ua rau txhua tus ntawm ob tog.

Nyob rau hauv hais kev tsis sib haum ib tug ob peb cov ntsiab lus. Thawj kauj ruam yog tus nrog paub txog ntawm lawv tus kheej txaus siab tawm tsam pawg. Qhov thib ob - lub union. Thiab thib peb, lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - lub redistribution ntawm lub hwj chim. Cov tshwm sim ntawm txhua teeb meem yuav tsum tau ib tug pej xeem kev hloov.