Panzer Division. Panzer cov kev faib thiab cov USSR

Nyob rau hauv lub postwar xyoo ntawm Soviet xinesmas tau tsim ib tug ntau ntawm movies rau cov txheej xwm ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog. Feem ntau ntawm lawv ib txoj kev los sis lwm kov raws li qhov kev kawm ntawm cov xwm txheej no ntawm lub caij ntuj sov 1941. Lub sijhawm uas nws nyob rau hauv uas tej pawg me me ntawm cov tub rog liab cov tub rog, ua ntaj riam thaiv nrog ib tug phom loj rau ib tug ob peb cov neeg, hais terrifying menacing hulk ntawm (lawv lub luag hauj lwm ua si sheathed nrog plywood T-54 los yog lwm yam niaj hnub machine), tau ntsib nyob rau hauv qhov tsos ntau heev. Yog tsis muaj questioning lub siab loj ntawm lub Red Army, crushing Hitler lub tsov rog tshuab, tsim nyog cais ib co statistical dennye siv tau rau lub neej tshiab nimno nyeem ntawv uas yog xav nyob rau hauv keeb kwm. Suffice nws los sib piv cov kev qauv ntawm ib tug tank division ntawm lub Soviet Army thiab cov Wehrmacht, kom paub tseeb tias cov fascist fais fab tub rog ntawm lub ntxias ntawm cov nyiaj soj ntsuam ib tug ob peb exaggerated. Nrog peb superior zoo thiab muaj tau ib tug ntau zoo dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshwm nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov tsov rog.

Cov lus nug kom tau teb

Panzer cov kev faib nrhiav kom Moscow, tuav lawv npe nrov Panfilov los yog tsis muaj ib tug naas ej lub tuam txhab, thiab tej zaum kuj sib cais. Yog vim li cas yog nws thiaj li tshwm sim uas lub teb chaws, uas yog nyob Industrialization, muaj cyclopean muaj thiab tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm, kev poob lawm rau thawj rau lub hlis ntawm tsov rog ib tug loj ib feem ntawm nws cov liaj ia tebchaws thiab lab ntawm cov pej xeem, ntes, mutilated thiab tuag? Tej zaum qhov Germans muaj ib co monstrous tso tsheb hlau luam? Los yog koom haum qauv ntawm mechanized tub rog surpassed lub Soviet? Lo lus nug no worries peb cov kwv tij cov pej xeem muaj peb post-tsov rog tiam. Cov tib fascist German tank division txawv los ntawm peb?

Tus qauv ntawm Soviet rog nyob rau hauv armored 1939-1940.

Kom txog rau thaum lub rau hli ntuj 1939, lub Red Army muaj plaub tank corps. Tom qab lub Deputy neeg Commissar ntawm kws muaj txuj ci E. A. Kulik coj cov commission rau tshawb xyuas cov kev ua ub ntawm lub General neeg ua hauj lwm, pib es rov ntawm lub system ntawm kev mloog lus ntawm lub hom ntawm pab tub rog. Yog vim li cas hloov pob qauv yuav tsuas yuav guessed, tab sis qhov tshwm sim yog cov creation 42 ntawm tank crews, muaj feem, tsawg daim ntawm cov khoom. Feem ntau cov yuav, lub aim ntawm kho ua tau kev siv ntawm ib tug tshiab cov tub rog tej lus qhuab qhia, muab nqa tawm sib sib zog nqus tob tob xaiv yaam offensive ua hauj lwm. Txawm li cas los, twb los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub xyoo nyob rau hauv qhov ncaj kev txiav txim I. V. Stalina, cov tswvyim no tau muab pauv. Es tsis txhob brigades raug tsim tsis ntxov armored thiab mechanized corps. Rau lub hlis tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj 1940, cov xov tooj tau mus txog cuaj. Tus qauv ntawm txhua tus ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm inputs 2 thiab tank 1 motorized Division. Lub tank, nyob rau hauv lem, muaj lub regiments, motorized infantry, artillery thiab ob tank ncaj qha. Yog li, mechanized Corps los ua ib tug formidable quab yuam. Nws muaj ib armored nrig (ntau tshaj li ib txhiab menacing machine) thiab lub hwj huam loj ntawm artillery thiab infantry them nyiaj yug uas tag nrho cov tsim nyog infrastructure, kom ntseeg tau qhov tseem ceeb heev kev ua si ntawm ib tug loj heev mechanism.

prewar npaj

Soviet tank division ntawm lub prewar lub sij hawm twb armed nrog 375 cov cav tov. Ib tug yooj yim txawj no daim duab los ntawm 9 (tus xov tooj ntawm mechanized corps) raws li los ntawm 2 (tus xov tooj ntawm kev sib cais nyob rau hauv lub casing) muab cov kev tshwm sim - 6750 armored tsheb. Tab sis hais tias yog tsis yog txhua txhua. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv 1940, ob tug cais kev sib cais raug tsim, ib yam nkaus thiab tank. Ces cov txheej xwm pib tsim nrog irresistible impetuosity. Raws nraim plaub lub hlis ua ntej lub nres los ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees, cov tub rog liab General neeg ua hauj lwm txiav txim siab teem ob ntau kaum tawm mechanized corps. Lub hom phiaj yog los mus siv tag nrho lub Soviet hais kom tsis muaj lub sij hawm, tab sis cov txheej txheem tau pib. Qhov no yog evidenced los ntawm tus xov tooj 17 ntawm lub cev, tau txais nyob rau hauv 1943 tus xov tooj 4. Lub tank Kantemirovskaya cov kev faib los ua tus successor ntawm cov tub rog hwjchim ci ntsa iab ntawm no loj cov tub rog unit tam sim ntawd tom qab lub yeej.

Cov kev muaj tiag ntawm Stalin npaj

29 mechanized corps ntawm ob pawg, ntxiv rau ob ntau tus neeg. Tag nrho cov 61. Nyob rau hauv txhua tus ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm 375 units, tsuas yog 28 txhiab 375 tso tsheb hlau luam. Qhov ntawd yog lub hom phiaj. Thiab nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb? Tej zaum tej nuj nqis no tsuas yog rau cov ntawv thiab Stalin tsuas xav mus nrhiav nyob rau ntawm lawv, thiab nws nto moo yeeb nkab haus luam yeeb?

Raws li ntawm lub ob hlis ntuj 1941, lub Red Army ntawm cuaj mechanized corps muaj yuav luag 14,690 tank. Nyob rau hauv 1941, lub Soviet tiv thaiv kev lag luam ua 6590 lub tsheb. Lub ua ke ntawm cov nuj nqis, ntawm chav kawm, tsawg tshaj li qhov yuav tsum tau 29 rau vaj tse (thiab hais tias 61 Panzer cov kev faib) 28 375 units, tab sis cov kev sib qhia tau hais tias lub hom phiaj yog feem ntau nqa tawm. Tsov rog pib, thiab objectively, tsis yog txhua txhua lub tsheb laij teb nroj tsuag yuav withstand tag nrho kev ua tau zoo. Yuav Tsum Tau lub sij hawm rau kev ceev khiav tawm, tab sis Leningrad "Kirovets" nyob rau hauv kev yog nyob rau hauv ib tug blockade. Thiab tseem nws txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm. Lwm tsheb laij teb-armored giant, HTZ, peb yog cov Nazis nyob rau hauv Kharkov.

Lub teb chaws Yelemees ua ntej tsov rog

Panzerwaffe troops thaum lub sij hawm ntawm qhov ntxeem tau ntawm lub Soviet Union muaj tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov 5639 tej daim. Heavy yog tsis nrog lawv, T-kuv, muaj nyob rau hauv no muaj pes tsawg tus (muaj 877), yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi ntau rau tančík. Txij li thaum lub teb chaws Yelemees yog nyob rau hauv tsov rog nyob rau lwm lub fronts, thiab Hitler xav kom muaj ntawm nws cov tub rog nyob rau hauv Western teb chaws Europe tiv thaiv cov Soviet Union, nws xa tsis tag nrho nws cov ris tsho ua rog, tiam sis feem ntau ntawm nws, hais txog 3330 machines nyob rau hauv kom muaj nuj nqis. Sib nrug los ntawm lub aforementioned TI Nazis tau Czech tso tsheb hlau luam (772 pcs.) Nrog tsis tshua muaj neeg uas tsis muaj kev sib ntaus los tus yam ntxwv. Tag nrho cov khoom ua ntej tsov rog twb pauv mus rau tus tshiab khiv tsim plaub tank pawg. Qhov no tswvyim ntawm lub koom haum muaj pov thawj nws tus kheej thaum lub sij hawm aggression nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union muaj pov thawj rau pab tsis tau. Es tsis txhob, ib pawg ntawm Germans tau sai ncaav armies, txhua tus uas yog ib tug 2-3 lub cev. Wehrmacht tank kev sib cais tau ua ntaj riam thaiv nyob rau hauv 1941, kwv yees li 160 armored tsheb. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ua ntej mus rau lub nres rau ntawm lub USSR, lawv muaj pes tsawg tau ob npaug, tsis muaj ua tag nrho cov fleet, uas coj mus rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm lawv txhua txhua tus.

1942. Pantsergrenaderskie regiments ntawm tank kev sib cais

Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj thiab lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 1941, German rog sai sai advanced sib sib zog nqus rau hauv Soviet lub teb chaws, los ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg offensive tub ceevxwm. Initial kev vam meej, thaws rov los nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam protruding seem ntawm tus ciam teb, uas tau ua los ntawm Lub rau hli ntuj 22 mus rau pem hauv ntej, kev puas tsuaj thiab qaug dab peg ntawm loj heev stocks ntawm lub Red Army, lub capture ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm kev cov tub rog thiab commanders, nws thiaj li pib khiav tawm ntawm lawv tej zaum. By 1942, cov xov tooj ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm lub tsheb raug coj tuaj rau ob puas, tab sis vim hais tias ntawm qhov hnyav losses nws yuav tsis muaj txhua division. Tank armada Wehrmacht poob ntau tshaj nws yuav tau txais raws li ib tug ntxiv. Rhawv pib rename pantsergrenaderskie (lawv feem ntau yog ob), uas lom zem ntau muaj kev cuam tshuam lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Infantry tivthaiv pib mus rau tus thawj.

1943, Lub Khoos Loos Tsev haum

Yog li, lub German division (tank) nyob rau hauv 1943 muaj ob regiments pantsergrenaderskih. Nws twb assumed tias nyob rau hauv txhua battalion yuav tsum muaj tsib tuam txhab uas muag (4 phom loj thiab sapper 1), tab sis nyob rau hauv kev xyaum kho los ntawm plaub. Los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov qhov teeb meem no worsened, tag nrho tank tso kom muaj kab muaj kev nyob rau hauv lub division (ib) yog feem ntau ntawm ib battalion Pz Kpfw IV tso tsheb hlau luam, tab sis yog los ntawm lub sij hawm no nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab muaj "Panther» Pz Kpfw V, uas muaj peev xwm twb tau muab ntaus nqi mus rau cov chav kawm ntawv ntawm nruab nrab tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov txheej txheem tshiab sai sai tuaj rau pem hauv ntej los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees neobkatannoy feem ntau tsis. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub midst ntawm kev npaj rau "lag luam Citadel", uas yog, tus naas ej sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kursk. 4. Tank cov kev faib yog zoo li yooj yim tactical unit yog txawv ntau kev cov ntsiab lus, los ntawm 149 rau 200 lub tsheb nyob rau hauv 1944, lub Germans nyob rau sab hnub tuaj pem hauv ntej tank pab tub rog. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo lub tank cov tub rog ua tau ceased mus yuav, thiab lawv pib reshape qub.

SS kev sib cais thiab nyias muaj nyias ib battalions

Transformation thiab es rov uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Panzerwaffe raug yuam. Khoom feem ntau txom nyem los ntawm kev sib ntaus los losses, tsoo down, thiab kev ua lag luam ntawm lub Peb Reich, yog nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj ntawm cov kev pab, kuv tsis muaj sij hawm los ua rau cov poob. Ntawm hnyav machinery tshiab hom (ACS-fighters "jagdpanther", "jagdtiger" "Ferdinand" thiab tank "King Tsov") tsim tshwj xeeb battalions, lawv yog ib feem ntawm lub tank kev sib cais, raws li ib tug txoj cai, tsis txog. Transformations undergone yuav luag tsis muaj SS Panzer Division, pom tau hais tias yuav cov neeg tseem ceeb. Muaj xya:

• "Adolf Gitler» (№ 1).
• "Das Reich» (№ 2).
• "Tuag lub taub hau» (№ 3).
• "Viking» (№ 5).
• "Gogenstaufen» (№ 9).
• "Frundsberg» (№ 10).
• "Hitleryugend» (№ 12).

Cov battalions thiab SS Panzer cov kev faib siv lub German General neeg ua hauj lwm raws li tshwj xeeb reserves faib mus rau lub feem ntau txaus ntshai seem ntawm pem hauv ntej ob leeg nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob.

Soviet tank kev sib cais

Tsov rog ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua tau yus muaj los ntawm confrontation pab bases. Dua li ntawm qhov impressive kev vam meej ntawm lub Wehrmacht nyob rau hauv 1941-1942, German tub rog kws txawj nyob rau peb lub hlis tom qab lub nres rau ntawm lub Soviet Union rau qhov cov to taub hais tias yeej yog tsis tau, thiab kev cia siab rau nws nyob rau hauv vain. Blitzkrieg nyob rau hauv lub USSR tsis thauj khoom. Industries, uas tau undergone ib tug loj-scale khiav tawm, khiav hauj lwm rau tag nrho cov hwj chim, muab ntau ntau ntawm pem hauv ntej kev sib ntaus los zoo art. Tsim nyog los txo cov kev qauv yuav tsum Soviet pab tub rog tebchaw twb tsis.

Tiv thaiv Tank Division (thiab lwm yam yog zoo tsis muaj, nws yog ib qho saib xyuas npe muab rau tag nrho cov kev ncaim mus rau pem hauv ntej kev sib ntaus los units nyob rau hauv ua ntej) twb tiav nyob rau hauv 1943, tus xov tooj ntawm tag nrho-lub sij hawm units. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv raug tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm reserves. Ib qho piv txwv yog lub 32th Armored Division of Liab Banner ntawm Poltava, tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub 1 Plav Corps nyob rau hauv lig 1942 thiab tau txais thawj zaug tooj 9. Nws comprises, dua li cov kev armored regiments tseem 4 (peb infantry, ib tug artillery), thiab thiab antitank battalion, engineer battalion, lub tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus, reconnaissance thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv.