Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv digestion. Piav txog qhov muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv kev zom

Wb hais tias, ua ntej koj muab tso rau tom ntej no txoj hauj lwm: piav qhia txog cov kua tsib muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv digestion. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum xub kawm cov biochemical muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub zog thiab mechanisms ntawm cov kua tsib yuav tsum tau rau kom zoo plab zom mov ntawm cov organic tshuaj uas ua tau cov zaub mov. Cov teeb meem yuav raug hais los ntwm nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

secretory kev ua

Lub siab yog qhov loj tshaj plaws caj pas nyob rau hauv lub mob huam, xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv vertebrate tsiaj thiab tib neeg. Nws muaj parenchymal hlwb, hu ua hepatocytes. Ib tug tib hepatic cell muaj ib tug los yog ntau tshaj nuclei thiab muaj ob qhov chaw hu ua vascular thiab biliary. Xeem tog hepatocyte kev sib cuag nrog sinusoids uas tau txais cov ntshav los ntawm cov hepatic leeg. Qhov no yog ib feem synthesizes zib, cov nqaijrog, vitamins thiab lipocomplexes.

Tus lwm sab ntawm lub hepatocyte qhia ntawm cov kua tsib capillary. Nws yog hu ua biliary. Nws ua bile. Nws ntws tawm mus rau hauv lub capillary, thiab los ntawm nws - nyob rau hauv lub ducts. Yog li, nyob rau hauv kev noj qab nyob siab cov kua tsib generated hepatocyte sab tsis nkag rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, txij li thaum biliary capillary yog cais los ntawm lub cev ntawm hepatic sinusoidal hlwb.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias hepatocytes yog grouped tsim theem, ntawm uas cov kua tsib ducts nyob rau hauv thiab tawm. Lawv hauj lwm ua ke thiab daim ntawv ob lub ntsiab lus qhia - sab laug thiab txoj cai. Lawv tuaj tawm ntawm lub hauv paus lobe ntawm lub siab. Thiab ces hauj lwm ua ke los tsim ib qho duct uas extends los ntawm nws cov rooj vag thiab vpadot nyob rau hauv lub gallbladder. Yog li, lub siab yog qhov hloov secreting bile. Anatomy ntawm cov kua tsib, tsib lub zais zis qauv thiab muaj nuj nqi yuav tsum yog los ntawm peb ntxiv lawm.

Uas yuav tsum tau qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov kua tsib?

Tebchaw uas yuav pab muab siab npuab macromolecule complex organic Cheebtsam ntawm cov zaub mov, kua tsib koom. Nws ua rau lub sighting lipids, hloov lawv los ntawm ib tug insoluble xeev tsim ib qho emulsion. Nyob rau ntawm cov kua tsib acids cholic - chenodeoxycholic thiab cholic - yog nto-active tshuaj. Lawv emulsify rog khoom noj khoom haus tau txais los ntawm lub plab rau hauv lub duodenum, yooj yim lawv splitting yog mob los ntawm enzymes ntawm lub pancreas - lipase.

Lub biochemical muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kua tsib

Paub cov qauv ntawm cov yam ntxwv hais txog qhov hepatic lobes, qhov chaw ntawm biliary hepatocytes, raws li zoo raws li lub biochemical muaj pes tsawg leeg, koj tau raug piav qhia txog cov kev ua ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv digestion. Gastroenterologists tau pom tias nyob rau hauv lub siab lub complex kev ntawm yas ntws thiab lub zog metabolism. Kua tsib nws tus kheej yog ib tug ua kua los yog lub teeb xim av txiv. Nws muaj 98% dej, raws li zoo raws li pigments, cholesterol, cholic acid, lecithin, vitamins thiab enzymes.

Xav txog cov qauv thiab cov kev uas cov kua tsib acids. Lawv yog ua los ntawm ib tug steroid cawv - cholesterol. Nws kuj yog ib feem ntawm cell week. Nyob rau hauv hepatocytes cholesterol yog oxidized thiab tsim cov thawj cov kua tsib acids. Lawv yuav mutate, ua theem nrab: metaholevuyu thiab deoxycholic. Cov neeg, nyob rau hauv lem, tsim ceg nrog protein monomers - taurine thiab glycine.

Cov ceg yog cov feem ntau reactive thiab yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov kua rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov sodium los yog poov tshuaj ntsev. Kua tsib pigments - lwm biochemical kev tivthaiv, lub ntsiab uas yog bilirubin. Nws yog tsim los ntawm txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm hemoglobin uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub siab macrophages - Kupffer hlwb li zoo li nyob rau hauv tus po. Lecithin - ib feem ntawm bile. Nws kuj tsim nyob rau hauv daim siab thiab plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub metabolism ntawm fatty acids thiab roj uas txhaws taus txos cov theem. Nws kuj yuav siv sij hawm yog ib feem nyob rau hauv lub emulsification ntawm cov nqaijrog.

Yuav ua li cas lub thaj chaw ntawm cov kua tsib?

Thaum kawm cov tshuaj nyob tus yeees ntawm cov kua ntawm lub siab, yuav raug sawv cev rau nws lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub neej puas ntawm cov organic teeb meem thiab yuav tau xav txog lub yooj yim zog ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv plab zom mov, uas yog ntau haiv neeg. Piv txwv li, nws muaj ib tug xab npum thiab acid pab roj splitting loj molecules mus rau hauv me me uas sawv daws yuav. Kua tsib muaj feem xyuam rau cov enzymes hydrolyze lub carbohydrates thiab proteins: amylase thiab trypsin, kom lawv catalytic zog. Nyob rau hauv pais plab enzyme - pepsin - nws ua tus txheem txoj kev, i.e. cheeb txoj kev, uas ua rau yus mus rau ib tug ntse nce nyob rau hauv pH ntawm pais plab txheem, txij thaum lub acidity tsawg.

Rho tawm ntawm cov kua tsib tej haum kev daws teeb meem ntawm mineral ntsev, ntawm cov vitamins A thiab D, raws li zoo raws li amino acids. Cov pub leejtwg ntawm daim siab regulates lub cev muaj zog thiab secretory kev ua ntawm lub me me hnyuv. Qhov no yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv digestion.

Mechanisms ntawm cov kua tsib thiab zholcheotdeleniya

Yav tas los, peb tau kawm lub zog ntawm cov siab secretion ua los ntawm biliary qhov chaw ntawm hepatocytes. Thiab peb kuj pom tau tias cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thaj chaw ntawm cov kua tsib thiab nws tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv kev zom ua ke. Cov mechanisms yog nqa tawm tib neeg lub paj hlwb thiab humoral txoj kev. kua tsib tsim yog kho kom zoo raws li ib tug reflex lo lus teb rau stimulation interoceptors phab ntsa txheej nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, mob plab, me me hnyuv.

Gallbladder: nws cov qauv thiab lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev zom

Raws li cov npag hloov khoom nruab nrog, nws yog nyob rau hauv qab lub sab ntug ntawm lub siab. Nws muaj ib tug caj dab, lub cev thiab hauv qab. Thaum koj anatomically obosnuete mechanism ntawm nws cov hauj lwm, ces koj yuav tau yooj yim piav qhia txog cov kev ua ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv digestion. Nws yog lossi txoj kev nyob rau hauv daim siab thiab tso tawm rau hauv lub duodenum cia li nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev txais neeg kawm mus rau hauv cov zaub mov lub cev. Ntawm cov zaub mov tsis pub leejtwg paub tso nyob rau hauv lub gallbladder.

Diagnostic txoj kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm cov kua tsib

Rau ib txwm metabolic tshua nyob rau hauv lub mob huam yuav tsum tau tej yam muaj sia thiab biochemical hepatic secretion. Koj yog physiologically kev txaus cai piav qhia txog lub zog ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv kev zom, yog hais tias nws soj ntsuam tsis yog ib txwm. Lawv txiav txim siab los ntawm ib tug ntau fractional duodenal intubation.

Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm txoj kev tshawb lub basal feem yog npaj. Nws yuav tsum muaj ib lub teeb daj xim thiab ib tug pH siab tshaj 7. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob theem nrog ib tug kaw sphincter ntawm Oddi daim card sawv tawm los ntawm cov kev sojntsuam yuav tsum tsis txhob. Nyob rau hauv lub thib peb theem ntawm txoj kev tshawb clinically ib txwm theem ntawm cov kua tsib yog raws li nram no: volume - los ntawm 3 mus rau 5 ml, Xim - lub teeb xim av. Qhov thib plaub theem kav txog ib teev. Xim hepatic secretion mas nws txawv ntawm txiv (vesical kua tsib) kom txog thaum lub daj-amber. Nws pH = 6.5-7.5 thiab ib tug ntom ntawm txog - 1038. Cov theem kawg, qhov qee ntawm hepatic kua tsib, kav mus txog 20 feeb. Lub ceev txo rau 1011, pH = 7,5-8,2.

Hloov los ntawm lub saum toj no tsis yuav indicative ntawm pathological mob ntawm lub siab, tsib los yog lub zais zis ducts. Feem ntau hom ntawm tus kab mob yog lub tsim ntawm lub pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub zais zis vim nce viscosity ntawm cov kua, raws li zoo raws li ib tug ua txhaum ntawm nws contractile muaj nuj nqi. Raws li koj tau pom, nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb tau saib thiab kawm ntawm daim card ntawm lub siab - cov kua tsib, lub ntsiab lus thiab nws txoj kev ua nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev zom.