Kua tsib muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv kev zom

Kua tsib - nws yog ib daim card siab hepatocyte hlwb. Nws accumulates nyob rau hauv me me kua tsib ducts, thiab ces nkag mus rau hauv ntau ciav thiab los ntawm nws - lub gallbladder 12 thiab duodenum. Tso cai rau hauv lub cev ntawm cov kua tsib yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Ib qho ntawm nws lub ntsiab zog - nws yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev zom.

Qhov twg cov kua tsib yog muab?

Lub tsib lub zais zis yog ib tug cia tank rau bile. Thaum lub sij hawm lub active theem ntawm kev zom, thaum tawm ntawm lub plab rau hauv lub duodenum 12 nkag cov nqis zaub mov, muaj yog faib nws cov nyiaj pab ntau tshaj npaum li cas. Lub ntsiab zog ntawm tib neeg cov kua tsib - ib feem nyob rau hauv kev zom thiab stimulation ntawm secretory kev ua si thiab kom cov hnyuv, uas yuav pab kom cov ua zaub mov bolus.

Kua tsib, uas yog tso tawm rau hauv cov hnyuv ntawm lub gallbladder, hu ua lub mature thiab tso tawm ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub siab - cov hluas, los yog siab.

Txheej txheem thiab biliary feem ntawm cov kua tsib

Tus txheej txheem ntawm generating ib tug pub leejtwg hepatocytes (cholepoiesis) tshwm sim tsis tu ncua. Lawv nqa tawm ib tug series ntawm filtering ntshav tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kua tsib hlab ntsha. Ntxiv mus, vim lub reabsorption ntawm dej thiab mineral ntsev yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw zaum kawg tsim ntawm nyob tus yeees ntawm cov secretory kua. Qhov no tus txheej txheem no ua nyob rau hauv cov kua tsib ducts thiab gallbladder. Ib feem ntawm cov kua tsib ntws ncaj qha mus rau hauv cov hnyuv, nws yog hu ua hepatic los yog tub ntxhais hluas. Tab sis nws cov ntsiab loj yog sau nyob rau hauv lub tsib lub zais zis, uas tsiv raws cov kua tsib ducts. Gallbladder kua tsib accumulates, nws yuav tuab thiab concentrated. Nws yog ib tsos tsaus tsawv tshaj hauv lub siab.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub hnub, lub siab lub hlwb rau cov neeg laus tsim txog li ob litres ntawm kua. Yoo mov nws tsis yog nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv. Postprandial biliary feem tshwm sim (holekinez) nyob rau hauv 12-duodenum. Muaj cov kua tsib ua raws li ib tug digestive, raws li zoo raws li bacteriostatic thiab ntxawg. E. txheej txheem nws tus kheej yog ib tug regulator ntawm cov kua tsib lawm thiab biliary feem.

Yog li, qhov ntau cov kua tsib acids tso tawm rau hauv lub portal kev (portal cov hlab ntsha), qhov ntau dua lawv cov concentration nyob rau hauv cov kua tsib muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab, raws li, tsawg yog tsim los ntawm hepatocytes. Lub zog ntawm cov kua tsib thiab pancreatic kua txiv yooj yim digestion.

nyob tus yeees ntawm cov kua tsib

Lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm cov kua tsib acid yog cholic. Feem ntau cov (67%) - ib tug cholic acid thiab chenodeoxycholic. Qhov seem acid - theem nrab, piv txwv li, derivatives ntawm cov ob acids: deoxycholic, alloholievaya, lithocholic thiab ursodeoxycholic ...

Tag nrho cov kua tsib acids uas yog pom nyob rau hauv no tsis pub leejtwg paub nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tebchaw nrog taurine thiab glycine. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm loj nyiaj ntawm sodium thiab potassium ions muab ib tug alkaline ras txog bile.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kua tsib muaj xws li ib co organic tshuaj :

• Phospholipids.
• Protein tebchaw, namely immunoglobulins A thiab M.
• Bilirubin thiab biliverdin (kua tsib pigments).
• Cholesterol.
• Mucin.
• Lecithin.

Tsis tas li ntawd, ions ntawm tej co (zinc, tooj liab, hmoov txhuas, magnesium, indium, mercury), cov vitamins A, B, C.

Tag nrho cov saum toj no Cheebtsam yog ib feem ntawm thiab siab, gallbladder thiab cov kua tsib, tab sis yog hais txog 5 lub sij hawm tsawg dua lawv concentration nyob rau hauv thawj tshaj nyob rau hauv lub thib ob.

kua tsib muaj nuj nqi

Lawv mas txheeb tus ua hauj lwm ntawm tus mob huam. kua tsib muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv kev zom txuam nrog ib tug series ntawm enzymatic tshua.

1. Nyob rau hauv nws cov cawv muaj tus emulsification ntawm cov nqaijrog, yog li yooj yim lawv haum.
2. Nws neutralizes qhov teeb meem los ntawm pepsin (pais plab kua txiv ntsiab tivthaiv), uas muaj peev xwm ua kom puas pancreatic enzymes.
3. Activates kom cov hnyuv.
4. Nws nkoos zus tau tej cov hnoos qeev.
5. Gastrointenstialnyh activates zus tau tej cov tshuaj hormones, secretin thiab cholecystokinin, uas yog ua los ntawm lub hlwb ntawm cov hnyuv thiab ua rau kom cov kev cai ntawm secretion ntawm lub pancreas.
6. Txwv tsis pub adhesion (adhesion) ntawm cov kab mob thiab proteinaceous Cheebtsam.
7. Nws muaj ib tug antiseptic ntxim rau cov hnyuv thiab yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov quav.

Yog li, cov kev ua ntawm cov kua tsib nyob rau hauv kev zom tsis tau overemphasized. Nws yog vim cov kua tsib digestive txheej txheem, pib nyob rau hauv lub plab, tseem thiab xaus rau hauv cov hnyuv yam xyuam xim.

Kua tsib nqi mus rau tib neeg lub cev

Yog li ntawd, peb pom hais tias lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov kua tsib txuam nrog rau digestive txheej txheem. Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim yog hais tias, ib co yog vim li cas, hloov cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov kua tsib los yog nws tsis nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv? Muaj tsis txaus los yog tsis muaj nws leads mus rau loj pathologies:

• Cholelithiasis.
• Steatorrhea.
• Gastroesophageal reflux kab mob (GERD), thiab lwm tus neeg.

cholelithiasis

Qhov no pathology yuav tshwm sim vim ib kauj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm bile. Qhov no yog hu ua lithogenic bile. Tej zog nws tej zaum yuav tau thaum lub sij hawm tu ncua uas tsis nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj, uas yog, yog hais tias cov zaub mov yog yeej los ntawm tsiaj. siab cov kua tsib zog tej zaum yuav tsis hnov raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm endocrine kab mob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lithogenic thaj chaw ntawm lub hepatic secretion tej zaum yuav tau raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm mob ntawm lipid metabolism, uas yog feem ntau yog nrog ib qho kev nce rau hauv lub cev muaj ceeb thawj. Yog vim li cas rau cov kev hloov ntawm cov kua tsib muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav tau ua kab thiab tshuaj lom lub siab puas los yog insufficiently active txoj kev ua neej (tsis muaj ib ce).

stearrhea

Raws li hais saum toj no, lub zog txuam nrog cov kua tsib emulsification ntawm cov nqaijrog. Yog hais tias rau ib co yog vim li cas cov kua tsib tsis tu tsis tseg ntws mus rau hauv lub me me hnyuv yuav nqus roj tsis tshwm sim, thiab lawv pib mus rau sawv tawm nyob rau hauv cov quav. Ib yam yuav tshwm sim nrog ib tug tsis muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv lub hepatic secretion ntawm cov kua tsib acids (hloov nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov quav yuav dawb los yog txho thiab greasy taub hau. Qhov no pathology yog hu ua steatorrhea. Nrog tus kab mob no, lub cev tsis muaj txaus qhov tseem ceeb cov roj, fatty acids thiab ib co vitamins. Vim steatorrhea raug kev txom nyem sab plob tsis so tswj, t. Yuav kom. Lawv tsis nruj heev heev rau tej chyme.

Yuav ua li cas mus xyuas cov kua tsib?

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav soj ntsuam cov qauv thiab cov kev ua ntawm cov kua tsib, siv ib tug ntau txoj kev fractional duodenal intubation. Qhov no txoj kev muaj tsib kauj ruam:

1. Basal secretion ntawm cov kua tsib - yog ib tug faib ntawm cov kua tsib duct 12 secretion thiab duodenal rwj. Nws yuav kav li ntawm 15 feeb.
2. Secretory theem mas los yog kaw sphincter ntawm Oddi. Lub caij rau theem no yog 3 feeb.
3. Theem kev sib cais ntawm cov residual feem A. cov kua tsib kav txog 5 feeb.
4. Theem kev sib cais gallbladder kua tsib feem B. Qhov no lub sij hawm ntev txog 30 feeb.
5. Rho tawm ntawm hepatic kua tsib - ib feem S. no theem ntev li 20 feeb.

Yog li, ib feem 3 ntawm bile. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov sib txawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov tseem concentrated kua tsib vesical - feem B. Nws muaj lub loj tshaj npaum li cas ntawm fatty acids, bilirubin, thiab lwm yam kua tsib yam.

Qhov no txoj kev tso cai rau txoj kev tshawb los mus txiav txim lub cev thaj chaw ntawm cov kua tsib, nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, tus nqi ntawm lub tsib lub zais zis, tus mob ntawm lub biliary ib ntsuj av tau , thiab los txheeb xyuas cov chaw ntawm cov pathological txheej txheem.