TsimZaj dabneeg

Keeb kwm kev ceeb toom: Kev ntes ntawm Berlin

Rustled thiab yog ntsuab nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis, nws yog lub xyoo kawg ntawm ib tug ntshav rog. Tub rog txiav txim no yog yuav luag nkaus hla mus rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Los ntawm sab hnub tuaj tuaj lub Soviet pab tub rog nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob nias cov phoojywg. Txhua leej txhua tus paub hais tias qhov kawg ntawm lub Wehrmacht thiab lub capture ntawm Berlin inevitable.

By lub sij hawm no, lub teb chaws Yelemees yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov nyiaj txiag thiab kev nom kev tswv kev rho tawm. Lub tsuas ntxiv pab pawg phooj ywg - Nyiv - twb yuav pab tsis tau, thiab yog nyob rau hauv tib deplorable teeb meem no. German ua tub rog lawm tau tsis tshee poob, lub kev khwv nyiaj txiag tau disorganized. Casualties thiaj li tseem ceeb heev uas cov tub rog recruited cov tub hluas 16-17 xyoo. Lub tsuas zoo taw tes rau lub teb chaws Yelemees yog los txo qhov ntev ntawm lub Eastern Pem hauv ntej, uas pab mloog zoo loj rog ntawm kuj nyob rau hauv lawv cov chaw uas zoo heev.

Strategic Hitler lub hom phiaj yog mus tswj yus tus kheej lub siab ntev li ntev tau raws li lub Soviet troops nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj, nyob rau hauv lub meantime, mus xaus ib cais kev sib haum xeeb nrog tus phoojywg lub teb chaws. Phau Ntawv Qhia Wehrmacht yog npaj txhij mus surrender Berlin troops ntawm ces thiab lub teb chaws USA, tab sis los ntawm tag nrho cov txhais tau tias tsis txhob cia Lavxias teb sab.

Yog li ntawd, lub ib thooj ntawm cov rog feeb meej nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, muaj tau ua cov feem ntau haib defenses. Kws muaj txuj ci Berlin koog tsev kawm ntawv yog tsim, uas muaj peb lub nplhaib xov laj kab ncig bypass. Lub nroog nws tus kheej twb muab faib ua cuaj sectors, interconnected nqe vaj lug kub.

Tus haib tshaj twb npaj rau tus tiv thaiv ntawm lub hauv paus tsev kawm ntawv, uas tsev lub ntsiab tsoom fwv tsev thiab lub Reichstag. Tus nab npawb ntawm cov Berlin garrison twb lossi ua vim nrhiav tau neeg tshiab. Nws yog tseeb hais tias cov capture ntawm Berlin yuav ua tau ib tug nyuaj thiab ntshav.

Lub German hais kom tau hu ua rau lub nroog mus tua "rau cov txiv neej kawg, kom txog thaum kawg cov mos txwv." Cov kev vam meej tiv thaiv ntawm lub capital yuav yog ib tug raws point nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm kev tsov kev rog. Qhov teeb meem yog Soviet rog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus tawg German kuj thiab ua rau zaum kawg thiab txawm li cas los swb.

Mus koom nyob rau hauv lub Berlin lag luam nrog lub Soviet Union tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov tub rog peb fronts, nrog cov uas peb pab tub rog lawv tus xov tooj yog ho superior rau lub German.

Zuag qhia tag nrho lub hom phiaj ntawm lub lag luam yog raws li nram no: ceev blows los tuav lub ntsiab pab pawg neeg ntawm cov German cov tub rog "Center" thiab "Vistula", los xyuas kom meej qhov capture Berlin thiab ncav cuag lub Elbe dej rau hauj lwm ua ke nrog Allied rog. Qhov no yog mus rau deprive lub teb chaws Yelemees ntawm tau mus ntxiv ib lub koom haum kuj thiab yuam nws mus surrender kiag li. Tus thawj xib fwb daim ntawv cog lus nrog teb chaws Aas Kiv thiab lub tebchaws United States nyob rau hauv kev sib koom tes ntawm ob leeg kev ua tau mus txog thaum lub sij hawm lub Crimean rooj sab laj.

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Plaub Hlis Ntuj 1945, tom qab ceev faj npaj, Soviet troops launched ib tug loj offensive rau Berlin. Lub zog ntawm cov artillery hluav taws thiab cua raids nyob ntsoog loj heev. Thawj Ukrainian, Npe thiab Ob txhais Byelorussian fronts sai sai uas sib sib zog nqus rau hauv cov yeeb ncuab chaw uas zoo heev, cia li muab lub nplhaib nyob ib ncig ntawm lub capital. Plaub Hlis Ntuj 19, Soviet troops twb tau mus ua txhaum los ntawm lub peb defensive nplhaib nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nroog thiab mus rau sab qaum teb. Poob rau ntawm ob sab twb enormous.

Tab sis los ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 24 Berlin twb npaum li cas nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, thiab nyob rau hnub tim 25 lub sij hawm teem kev twb kev txuas Soviet thiab Anglo-American rog - ib tug lub rooj sib tham nyob rau hauv lub Elbe. Txhua yam twb mus raws li txoj kev npaj.

Lub Soviet troops yog ib tug loj hlob tej yam txaus siab thiab kev xyiv fab ntawm ib tug ceev yeej. Cov tub rog pib massively koom lub Cov Qib ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv, thiab tsis kam tawm lub teb txawm raug mob cov tub rog.

Noj Berlin ntawd kub ntev li ntawm 16 Plaub Hlis Ntuj mus 2 May. Lub qhov kawg nkaus ntawm lub lag luam yog cov sib ntaus sib tua rau lub nroog, uas pib rau hnub tim 21. Nws twb tau mus kawm los ntawm yuav luag 470 txhiab Soviet cov tub rog tiv thaiv 300 txhiab Germans. Lub peculiarity ntawm lub Berlin lag luam nyob rau hauv hais tias nws nquag thiab dav siv tank tawm tsam. Lub Germans tsis kam fiercely. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ob lub lim piam ntawm sib ntaus sib tua tau poob ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov mej zeej ntawm lub Soviet tank rog.

Lub sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv lub capital twb tsaus ntuj thiab nruab hnub. Plaub Hlis Ntuj 28 los nyob rau saum lub Reichstag - lub cim thiab stronghold ntawm lub Wehrmacht. Nws twb ua tau muab rau hauv ib tug impregnable fortress defended los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws SS troops thiab zoo-kawm Kawm ua tub rog Naval postgraduate School. Txawm li cas los, txhua leej txhua tus to taub hais tias nws yog ib tug nriaj ibtxhi.

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hnub Plaub Hlis Ntuj 30, Soviet troops twb tau mus nyob cov thawj pem teb ntawm lub tsev thiab nyob rau tib hnub, tom 22:40, cov tub rog 150 tus tub rog cov kev faib Yegorov thiab Berest Kantariya hoisted rau lub ru tsev ntawm lub Reichstag sib ntaus sib tua Soviet chij.

Nyob ib ncig ntawm tib lub sij hawm, Hitler yog nyob rau hauv nws bunker cog lus yus tua yus.

Tus capture ntawm Berlin nyob rau hauv 1945 yog tsis kawg sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv kev tsov rog. Ua ntej ntawm Soviet troops awaited lub liberation ntawm Prague thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam tseem ceeb sib ntaus, xuas nrig ntaus kev taw qhia rau sab hnub poob.

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