Jeweller kos duab. Master Jewelcrafting

Hniav nyiaj hniav kub kos duab - yog qhov siv thiab ua ntau yam khoom, feem ntau ntawm zoo zoo nkauj tshooj siv gems. Chiv, tej yam uas twb tsis tau tsuas yog rau kev zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav hais txog cov high social raws li txoj cai ntawm tus tswv los yog tus tswv. Tsis tas li ntawd hniav nyiaj hniav kub feem ntau ntaus nqi tej yam yees siv muaj nuj nqi. Lawv yog siv, piv txwv li, raws li kev tiv thaiv charms thiab mascots. Lub keeb kwm ntawm hniav nyiaj hniav kub hnub rov qab mus rau antiquity. Xub thawj, lub creation ntawm hniav nyiaj hniav kub tsis hais tej yam zoo ntawm kev yog. Los ntawm txoj kev kom puas ntau thiab sophisticated kho kom zoo nkauj tshaj lub centuries tag nrho cov kos duab, craftsmen. Wb taug keebkwm ntawm hniav nyiaj hniav kub khoom siv tes ua thiab hu nws tus poj masters.

ancient tim lyiv teb chaws

Jeweller kos duab tau amazingly zoo tsim nyob rau hauv ancient Egypt. Ornaments tsim muaj, tseem xav tsis thoob vim los ntawm nws cov kev zoo nkauj thiab complexity. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv lawv feem ntau nyiam cov dluab ntawm lub ancient gods. Cov ancient Egyptians ntseeg hais tias cov kho kom zoo nkauj yog ua tej yam yees siv zog: tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev phem hnoos li no, txuas tus txiv neej nrog tus rog ntawm qhov.

Coj hniav nyiaj hniav kub tso siab rau tej qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub plawv (nws yog suav hais tias yog tseem ceeb tshaj plaws lub cev). Yuav kom tiv thaiv nws, hauv siab hnav cov khoom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug scarab. Kab lub cim loj hlob, kev ua si, sawv rov qab los. Ib qho tseem ceeb point yog tus nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv pliaj. Ancient masters, ua ornaments rau nws, siv cov cim ntawm lub hwj chim thiab kev txawj ntse, zoo li tus nab duab. Tham txog cov technology of raug ntawm cov khoom, nws yuav tau muab sau tseg uas feem ntau thov chasing thiab engraving, thiab hlub cov Iyi ntaub ntawv twb kub, silver, obsidian thiab amethyst.

ancient Greece

Great finesse thiab subtlety txawv ancient jewellery kos duab nyob rau hauv tim Nkij teb chaws. Ib tug nyiam txheej txheem ntawm lub masters yog ib tug filigree - ua complex qauv ntawm nyias kub los yog nyiaj nyob ntawm tej, soldered mus rau ib tug hlau tom qab. Feem ntau cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv no floral tsim: xim duab, nplooj, txiv hmab.

Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no tag nrho cov prized kub - cov hlau ancient Greeks ntaus nqi tej yam yees siv zog. Nyob rau hauv kev, hniav nyiaj hniav kub hais txog tus txheej xwm ntawm tus tswv tsev, ces tus thinner thiab ntau nyuaj yog kev ua hauj lwm, cov kim kim nws yog nws muaj nqis. Rich Greek cov poj niam coj qhws ib tug ntau yam ntawm hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Nyob rau hauv Honor yog elegant cov khoom rau cov plaub hau thiab lub caj dab, raws li tau zoo raws li bracelets. Qhov kos yog saib tsam uas Sparta - zos cov poj niam twb tsis lush thiab txoj kev zoo nkauj hniav nyiaj hniav kub, preferring ib tug yooj yim hlau hniav nyiaj hniav kub.

Jewelcrafting Renaissance

Hniav nyiaj hniav kub Renaissance tawm nyob rau hauv lawv cov elegance, kev zoo nkauj thiab complexity. Masters siv ib tug ntau yam kev kawm, xws li embossing, txiav thiab enamel. Lawv lom zem ntau los ntawm ancient sawv, li cas los xij, tau lawm, thiab nws yog raug rau cov neeg xyoo sijhawm.

Yog li, lub hniav nyiaj hniav kub yog tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas qhia tus txheej xwm ntawm tus tswv tsev, raws li qhia txog refined saj thiab lub tswv yim. Lawv yog cov cim thiab txawv. Semi-precious pob zeb, pearls thiab zoo enameled qhov chaw kho tsis tau tsuas yog hniav nyiaj hniav kub, tab sis kuj lush poj niam 'dresses. Nkag mus rau hauv tej chaw thiab loj heev raug tshem tawm rings.

Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, cov masters siv nyob rau hauv ib tug heev txawv txawv cov ntaub ntawv: txiv maj phaub zoo li, qaib ntxhw qe thiab Plhaub.

Jewelers Ancient Rus

Lavxias teb sab hniav nyiaj hniav kub kos duab muaj ib tug zoo keeb kwm. Pov thawj ntawm no yog cov niaj hnub archaeological excavations: qhov zoo thiab subtlety ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm ancient craftsmen ntaus tam sim no. Hniav nyiaj hniav kub kos duab rau ntawm ancient Russia twb los ntawm Scandinavian, Oriental thiab Byzantine haiv neeg, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm inextricably txuas mus rau lub pej xeem lis kev cai thiab kev cai.

Masters ntawm tag nrho cov ces kaum ntawm lub Kievan Rus 'twb masters ntawm sophisticated hom kev kawm, xws li daim duab casting, filigree thiab kub hluav taws. Novgorod yog nto moo rau nws jewellery ua los ntawm precious hlau. Kiev Jewelers nrog ib tug txawv tshaj plaw peev xwm los mus daws gems. Cov feem ntau decorations yog cov thiaj li hu ua lub tuam tsev rings, uas yog woven rau hauv cov plaub hau los yog dai ntawm lub headgear. Cov poj niam kuj coj qhws ib tug ntau yam ntawm bracelets thiab necklaces nrog pendants.

Russia nyob rau hauv lub XIV - XVII centuries

Nrog lub advent ntawm lub Tatar-Mongol hordes hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua lag ua luam nws nyob tsis nco qab lawm los yuav luag ib xyoo pua. Muaj ntau masters tuag los yog raug coj mus rau kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Horde rulers. Tsuas yog nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub XIV xyoo pua pib ib gradual rov qab mus rau lub ancient kos duab. Hniav nyiaj hniav kub khoom siv tes ua center yuav Moscow, uas yog heev nrov txheej txheem nrog nyiaj filigree.

Nyob rau hauv XVI - XVII centuries hniav nyiaj hniav kub kos duab nquag siv txha hniav laus thiab gems. Jewellery lub sij hawm no xam qhovkev richness, brilliance thiab xim saturation. Lub pob zeb no kuj sib txawv brightness - nyob rau hauv Honor sapphires, rubies thiab emeralds. Nws yog tam sim no hu ua cov heyday blackening txheej txheem. Muaj ntau lub zos yog silversmithing chaw zov me nyuam.

European Jewellery los ntawm lub XVIII xyoo pua

Nyob rau hauv lub XVIII xyoo pua yog cov tseem ceeb yeej ntawm Baroque thiab Rococo. Qhov no kuj siv rau hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Ua fashionable quirkiness, splendor thiab qaim xim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus ua txoj hauj lwm no yog lub Fabkis jeweller neeg lub siab. Nws twb ces kis tau kho kom zoo nkauj nws niaj hnub daim ntawv. Nyob rau hauv Vogue maj mam muaj xws li hniav nyiaj hniav kub, lossis nrov nrog muaj myiaj neeg siv loj brooch. Qhov tseem nyiam lub pob zeb yog diamonds yellowish, pinkish thiab xiavlus hues, thiab lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si cov txiv neej thiab nyob rau hauv cov poj niam txoj kev costume.

Russia nyob rau hauv lub XVIII xyoo pua

Nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv lub XVIII xyoo pua hniav nyiaj hniav kub kos duab blossomed. Qhov no yog kev lom zem ntau vim lub kho ntawm Peter I. Txij thaum ntawd los, cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua lag ua luam yog kev koom borrows European tiam sis, thaum ceev lawv yog leejtwg tiag. Nyob rau hauv Russia feem ntau tuaj txawv teb chaws masters. Cov lawv - tus naas ej Zheremi Poze, uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau ntawm lub lub tsev hais plaub rau peb caug xyoo thiab tau tsim muaj tseeb masterpieces ntawm lub jeweller neeg lub siab. Nws zoo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm yog xav tau Great Imperial Crown, ua rau Catherine II. Ib tug tshwj xeeb cov khoom muaj ze li ntawm tsib txhiab diamonds. Tam sim no qhov no tej yam qub qab ua tib zoo tiv thaiv ib tug tshwj xeeb tsev cia puav pheej ntawm hniav nyiaj hniav kub - Pob zeb diamond Fund nyob rau hauv Moscow.

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub siv ntawm precious pob zeb yog ua nrov ntawm lub sij hawm no. Ci ntsa iab, ci ntsa iab, beautifully dai kom zoo nkauj thiab tiav, lawv txig Nkij los txuam rau thiab kho finery noble poj niam thiab lords.

Interestingly, lo lus "goldsmith" nws tus kheej kuj tuaj mus rau hauv kev siv nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo. Nws hloov lub theej ntev npe ntawm "kub thiab silversmith."

Teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua lag ua luam yog ua ntau ntau. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm pib yuav tsum tau siv tsawg precious pob zeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv aquamarine, pob zeb siv lead ua, malachite, dag diamonds. Jeweled Arts ntawm hloov thiab lub zuag qhia tag nrho style - los hloov lub Rococo classicism, ntsig txog, ornaments ua ntau stringent thiab zoo-tsim. Khoom muaj nuj nqis heev pob zeb maj xav tsis siv nyob rau hauv cov txiv neej lub suits, tab sis nyob rau hauv zam muaj xws li nqhuag rau taug kev nrog thiab kim snuff.

Los ntawm zoo-paub ntxias peev xwm yuav txawv lub tsev hais plaub jeweller ntawm Napoleon kuv Martina Giyoma Bienne. Nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua yog tawm xws nto moo tsev zoo li Cartier thiab Tiffany.

Qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua

Cov theem siab tshaj plaws ntawm hniav nyiaj hniav kub kos duab nyob rau hauv Russia mus txog nyob rau hauv lub XIX caug xyoo. Thaum lub sij hawm no, tshuam hloov cov kev coj ntawm cov chaw ua hauj lwm, cov masters yog sim txav mus deb ntawm European kev cai thiab rov qab mus rau lub hnub nyoog-laus Lavxias teb sab, muab cov khoom ib lub teb chaws tsw. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zam yuav dej pearls.

Nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab St. Petersburg muaj loj Enterprises ntawm cov nyiaj thiab kub ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub npe hu npe Ovchinnikov, Postnikov, cov kwv tij Grachev thiab, ntawm chav kawm, Karla Faberzhe. Nws amazing kev txawj yuav tsum yeej xwb lawv tsis tau tsuas paub Lavxias teb sab, tab sis kuj muaj koob muaj npe tsev hais plaub ntawm Western teb chaws Europe. Txawm li cas los, lawv cov khoom yog muaj thiab zoo tib yam buyer - peb yuav sib tham txog rooj plaub thiab tais diav.

Raws li kws txawj, qhov kawg ntawm XIX - thaum ntxov XX xyoo pua yog lub golden hnub nyoog ntawm Lavxias teb sab hniav nyiaj hniav kub kos duab.

thib nees nkaum xyoo pua

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xeem nyob rau hauv jewellery tsim ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm destinations. Nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub predominant style yog niaj hnub. Cov kos duab ntawm hniav nyiaj hniav kub nws lub hwj yog pom tau hais nyob rau hauv cov huab complexity ntawm cov duab thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ornaments. Mob siab siv platinum, palladium, Anodized txhuas. Dua nkag mus rau hauv tej chaw diamonds. Zam jewellery thiab tiav niam txiv, nyob rau hauv uas kis ho tus naas ej Koko Shanel.

Thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog thiab postwar xyoo, cov khoom tau ua ntau yooj yim, kub yog feem ntau hloov nrog bronze. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua nyob rau hauv tus ntawm uas tsis yog-conformist tswv yim masters pib siv qhov txawv cov ntaub ntawv, yav tas los unthinkable rau ib tug hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua lag ua luam: ntoo, yas, hlau thiab lwm tus neeg. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm sophisticated technology tshwm jewellery nrog pob zeb chameleon uas yuav hloov xim nyob rau hauv lub kub kev hloov los yog lub mus ob peb vas ntawm tus tswv tsev. Ua nrov kuaj pearls ntawm txawv xim.

Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, Lavxias teb sab hniav nyiaj hniav kub tuam txhab uas muag ua feem ntau ntawm cov loj ntau lawm. Tiam sis thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem niaj hnub masters xeeb mus rau revive Guild ntawm Jewelers ntawm Russia mus coj rov qab rau lub kos duab ntawm hniav nyiaj hniav kub rau nws txoj qub hwjchim ci ntsa iab.

contemporary kos duab

Niaj hnub no, hniav nyiaj hniav kub khoom siv tes ua, tej zaum txawm ntau tshaj ua ntej, yuav ib tug kos duab. Ornaments yog cov ib daim ntawv uas muaj tswv yim qhia. Niaj hnub nimno qhauj siv ntau kev cov cuab yeej thiab cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau. Txawm li cas los, muaj ntau yam khoom uas yog los ntawm cov khoom cua cov ntaub ntawv. Thiab txawm hais tias lawv yeej tsis tau cov kev zoo nkauj thiab zoo tag nrho ntawm tej yam ntuj tso pob zeb, tsis tau tsim nyog ntawm cov sib tw nrog lawv.

Kawm jewellery kos duab tsim nyog continuation ntawm kab lig kev cai ntawm lub qub masters. Thiab siv cov tshiab technologies tso cai rau koj mus ua kom tau txawv txawv thiab nthuav decorations.