Keeb kwm ntawm pob zeb siv lead ua: nws ua li cas thiab nws siv rau dab tsi?

Ntau tus ntawm peb nco txog cov pob kws siv lead ua ntawm USSR lub sijhawm, uas cov niam txiv tau pom tias yuav luag txhua yam khoom plig. Tau kawg, hnub no peb tsis tshwj xeeb txog cov khoom ua los ntawm pob zeb siv lead ua, tiam sis peb tsis tuaj yeem pab tab sis paub txog lawv qhov kev zoo nkauj.

Crystal yog ib qho ntawm ntau ntau yam ntawm quartz, uas yog yuav luag lub feem ntau tshaj cov mineral hauv ntiaj chaw. Muaj cov pa luam yeeb, xim daj thiab liab dawb, zoo li cov dub dub, hu ua morion. Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, cov pob zeb siv lead ua yog ntau heev, thiab cov cheeb tsam ntawm nws daim ntawv thov yog ntau.

Koj xav tias lub npe ntawm cov pob zeb no tuaj qhov twg? Cov Greeks muab nws lub npe krystallos, uas txhais tau hais tias "ice" hauv Lavxias teb sab. Nyob rau hauv hom lus ntawm Science News for KIDS, txhua yam yog ntau dua prosaic. Crystal yog silicon dioxide.

Raws li twb tau hais, nws yog ntau heev, thiab yog li ntawd muaj cov deposits thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb. Yuav ua li cas yog qhov no ntau, tab sis tsis zoo nkauj cov khoom tsim?

Tag nrho cov khoom siv pob zeb siv lead ua tau tsim thaum lub sij hawm hluav taws kub, thaum pob zeb ua kom txias nrog rau cov pa. Ntxiv mus, geologists piav qhia txog hom kev lag luam ntawm hydrothermal: qhov no yog thaum cov kua kub alkaline uas muaj ntsev ntsev nrog ntsev cov kua ntsev yog pib yaj hauv qaug kev kub thiab nrog kev nkag tau ntawm cov pa oxygen. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tus naj npawb ntawm cov variational xim kab ntawm crystal yog loj dua.

Kom tau txais lub pob zeb no pib nrog kev ua ub ua no. Ntawm chav kawm, thaum xub thawj tsis muaj mines los yog qhib qhov-qhib mines. Tsis tshua muaj cov siv lead ua, ntau dua li ib txwm cobblestone, pom ntawm cov ruts ntawm cov dej uas ntws los ntawm cov glaciers. Cov ntawv tau faib thiab txhuam.

Cov kws sau keeb kwm thiab cov neeg txawjntse ntseeg hais tias pob zeb siv lead ua pob zeb ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob.

Yuav tsum tau mus daws nws lub zoo meej haum ntawm taw, zoo txoj kev loj hlob ntawm zoo lub cev muaj zog cov kev txawj thiab tiag tubtxib saum ntuj ua siab ntev: polished khoom nrog ib tug muab tshuaj txhuam ua los ntawm zoo xuab zeb, siv ib coarse hlua los ntawm zaub fibers.

Txij thaum ancient sij hawm, nws yog lub npe hu hais tias tom qab polishing no thawj unattractive lub xuab zeb, uas ib zaug dua tsis saib, acquires ib tug tawm sib txawv rau lub pob zeb diamond. Cov cuab yeej no tau siv tsis yog rau cov hom phiaj zoo xwb: tus tswv ntawm cov fakes, uas yog koom nrog hloov jewels ntawm pob zeb diamonds rau lawv ersatz ntawm pob zeb siv lead ua, tseem thoob plaws thoob ntiaj teb.

Tab sis nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm kev siv ntawm no pob zeb tsis yog li tsawg. Lo ntsiab muag los ntawm nws tau siv los ntawm cov qub metallurgists, teeb thawj thwmsim hauv keeb kwm ntawm ntshiab hlau smelting, thiab Tibetans siv polished daim Crystal rau cauterize txhab, kis tau los ntawm lawv teem hnub rays. Cov txiaj ntsim tsis yog nyob hauv thermal nyhuv: cov khoom siv no txig rau UV hluav taws xob, uas kuj muaj teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic microflora. Nws tsis yog tsimnyog tias lub pob zeb ntawm lub pob zeb siv lead ua tau siv los ntawm cov pov thawj, muab cov khob tawm ntawm lub khob tawm los ntawm nws.

Noteworthy nyob rau hauv no hwm yog Aztecs thiab lwm cov neeg ancient Yucatán: ntau ntawm cov cuab yeej uas tau nyob hauv kev txiav txim raug txiav los ntawm nws.