Duab Bogdanov-Belsky Nikolai Petrovich: lub npe, piav qhia

Cov artist nrog lub sonorous lub npe Bogdanov-Belsky yog ib tug neeg uas lub sab cov chav kawm ntawm lub neej. Nws yuav zoo li uas cov ib puag ncig nyob rau hauv uas nws loj hlob tuaj, twb ua txhua yam rau zom nws thiab nqus, tab sis tsis muaj. Cov artist twb kawm ntawv thiab lub koob meej. Nws biography - piv txwv li ntawm tsis tsuas yog ib tug zoo siab coincidence, thiab cov relentless zog ua hauj lwm. Cov duab ntawm lub zos lub tsev kawm ntawv, nws cov tub kawm ntawv thiab cov xib fwb tau ua ib tug staple ntawm nws ua hauj lwm.

Nikolai Petrovich Bogdanov-Belsky: biography

Frosty tav su Hlis ntuj nqeg 8, 1868 nyob rau hauv Smolensk farmhand yug lub tsaub tub. Sawv daws yeej paub yuav ua li cas haiv neeg, khoom cov me nyuam, thiab txawm los ntawm lub hauv qab. Niam nrog tus me nyuam "txoj kev hlub tshua" ntis nws tus tij laug. Muaj ntau yam kev nyuaj siab befell me ntsis Nicholas. Thaum yug, nws txais cov xeem Bogdanov - ib tug uas Vajtswv tau muab. "Belsky" cov artist tom qab tau ntxiv nws, nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm lub cheeb nroog, uas tau zus.

Cov thawj ob lub xyoos ntawm kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv uas nyob deb nroog me nyuam tub tau txais ib lub tsev teev ntuj tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Shopotove. Vim tus ntawm nws tus kws qhia ntawv, ib tug pov thawj, nws yog ib tug xib fwb nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Racha. Ntawm no yog peb tau kawm tib yam li Nikolai, ib tug yooj yim cov neeg pluag me nyuam tub. Tus txiv neej no ua si ib decisive luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm lub artist. Bogdanov-Belsky nws tus kheej yeej ib txwm hais tias tshuav txhua yam rau nws.

Pom tus me nyuam tub txuj ci rau painting, Raczynski pab nws sau npe kawm nyob rau hauv thawj duab lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau Trinity-Sergius Lavra, thiab ces nyob rau Moscow tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Painting. Patron ntawm tus tub pab nyiaj txiag rau txhua lub hlis faib nyiaj rau tus txij nkawm. Lub tsev kawm ntawv Nikolai nkag mus hauv lub toj roob hauv pes hauv chav kawm ntawv, uas ua hauj lwm zoo heev, feem ntau mus xyuas lub thawj ntawm cov classmates. Cov txiv neej hluas heev muaj hmoo nrog cov xib fwb, nws yog ib tug zoo kawg li Lavxias teb sab ntxias: Vasily Polenov, Vladimir Makovsky, Hilarion Prianishnikov. Nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev kawm tiav daim duab Nicholas xav ntev thiab sim hawm caij nyoog nws Raczynski. Cov tshwm sim ntawm zoo siab ua hauj lwm ntawm lub artist twb nrag "Lub neej yav tom ntej monk."

Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo los ntawm lub Moscow tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Bogdanov-Belsky nws ntxiv nws kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov Art Academy ntawm St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawv los sis Repina. Qhov kawg ntawm 1895 kawm tiav mus rau teb chaws Europe: nyob rau hauv Paris, Munich, thiab ces mus rau Ltalis. Enriched xim paintings los ntawm cov artist, nce nws cov tswv cuab ntawm painting hom kev kawm.

Hwjchim ci ntsa iab nyob rau hauv Russia Bogdanov-Belsky coj lub painting "Thaum lub qhov rooj ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv" thiab "Mental Muab xam los." Thaum lub artist nchuav txiav txim: portraits, tseem lifes thiab ua hauj lwm. Nws sau nto moo tshaj plaws thiab influential neeg ntawm nws lub sij hawm. Nws ob txhais tes yuav portraits uas huab tais Nicholas II, Grand Dukes, Fedora Shalyapina. Tab sis nws nyiam ua qauv - neeg pluag tub, cus ciav, sincere thiab ncaj qha.

Nws tej hauj lwm mas yuav kis tau Tretyakov Gallery, nws koom nyob rau hauv miv loj leeb sib koom tes. Nws paintings yog taug kev mus rau Russia thiab ces exported rau Paris thiab Rome. Thaum 35 xyoo Nikolai Petrovich Bogdanov-Belsky los ua ib tug academician ntawm painting, thiab tom qab 10 xyoo - ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy of Arts.

Tom qab los rau lub hwj chim, lub revolutionary-minded tsoom fwv kos duab yuav "tshuav". Nws pib tsim txom ntawm neeg uas xav tau qhov tseeb painters, classical kos duab withers thiab eradicated. Korovin, Polenov, Vasnetsov, Nesterov - tag nrho tej kev nyuaj siab ntawm lub post-revolutionary lub sij hawm. Thaum lub caw ntawm nws cov phooj ywg Bogdanov-Belsky tsiv mus rau Riga. Ntawm no yog lub artist nrog tshiab rog teem rau kev ua hauj lwm, koom koom nyob rau hauv lub thoob ntiaj teb miv ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab. Nws paintings yog ib tug kawm tau zoo thiab diverge nyob rau hauv private collections. Kom txog rau thaum tam sim no, muaj ntau yam canvases Bogdanov-Belsky tawg khiav ri niab mus thoob plaws Western teb chaws Europe.

Nyob rau hauv 1941, 73-xyoo-laus artist ntes tau mus nrog ib tug tshiab kev kuaj: tsov rog. Tab sis tsis muaj ntau rog mus sib ntaus sib tua, ntau heev tau tiav lawm thiab kev txom nyem. Cov artist yuav mob, tawm hauv nws muaj tswv yim powers. Nikolai Petrovich muaj qhov phais nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, tab sis nws tsis pab. Nyob rau hauv 1945, thaum lub sij hawm lub bombing ntawm cov artist tuag. Nws raug faus rau ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab tojntxas nyob hauv Berlin. Duab Bogdanov-Belsky thiab tam sim no tseem nrov heev. Ib txhia ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub Tretyakov Gallery thiab lub Lavxias teb sab tsev cia puav pheej, muaj ntau yam yog nyob rau hauv private collections.

"Yav tom ntej mlom" (1889)

Lub tswv yim ntawm no Bogdanov-Belsky sim hawm caij nyoog nws tus phooj ywg thiab tus neeg saib xyuas Raczynski. Nws sau nyob rau hauv 1889.

Nyob rau hauv ib chav tsev me me hauv hav zoov zaum ob tug neeg: ib tug neeg laus pilgrim monk thiab kev npau suav ntawm ib tug neeg pluag me nyuam tub. Mlom qhia ib yam dab tsi rau nws, thiab tus tub hnov. Ua ntej nws lub qhov muag sawv ntsug pious daim duab ntawm ib thaj yeeb yav tom ntej. Nws ua tib zoo mloog rau cov neeg txawv, tab sis cov kev xav yog tsis nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev, tab sis qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub tsis paub hais tias expanses. Puas tau thiab nws kuj mus nrog ib tug Knapsack rau nws rov qab mus rau yeeb koob rau Vajtswv lub npe.

Cov duab no yog pleev xim rau kev zaum kawg ntsuam xyuas nyob rau hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Nrog zoo ntxhov siab vim cov artist yuav nws tshwm sim: tom qab tag nrho, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawv ntawm toj roob hauv pes thiab ib hom ntawv nyeem painting hais. Txawm tias tej kev txhawj xeeb, hauv daim duab yog ib qhov zoo thiab twb yuav los ntawm ib tug loj collector, thiab ces tau txais mus rau hauv lub Imperial Palace.

"Virtuoso" (1891)

Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj paintings ntawm cov neeg pluag rebyatney, sau los ntawm Bogdanov-Belsky. Virtuoso, nws puv tawm - ib tug yooj yim me nyuam tub. Tej yam yooj yim, tiam sis tsis heev. Nws ua si lub balalaika sib sau nyob ib ncig ntawm ib lub voj voog ntawm cov me nyuam. Muaj ob tus me nyuam ntxhais thiab cov laus me nyuam tub. Lawv tag nrho cov mloog lub suab seev ntawm kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm ib tug zoo kawg artist thiab ntes txhua txhua lub suab. Virtuoso nws tus kheej teem rau nws ua si. Cov artist tau muab tso rau lawv nyob rau lub picturesque glade nyob rau hauv birch hav zoov. Toj roob hauv pes, nyob zoo rau txhua txhua lub plawv, sib haum xeeb framed los ntawm ib pawg ntawm cov me nyuam thiab xav tias, nws ua tib zoo mloog qhov kev ua si ntawm cov tub ntxhais txuj ci.

"Mental xam" (1896)

Nyob rau hauv 1896, nws pleev xim rau daim duab no Bogdanov-Belsky. Cov kev sau ntawv nyob rau hauv nws yog tseem feem ntau hais kom sau ntawv mus rau cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv lub artist xwm nws tus kheej cob Racha. Chav kawm ntawv ntawm lub zos lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nws yog ib lub qhov ncauj account. Cov duab no yog tag nrho ntawm nro yog muaj nyob rau hauv txhua txhua zog ua hauj lwm. Lub hom qhov chaw yog nyob los ntawm cov dub slate nrog ib tug zauv piv txwv. Lawv coob nyob ib ncig ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib mav ntawm txawv hnub nyoog. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug yooj yim thiab ua kom suav cov ntau nws nyob rau hauv lub siab! Nyob rau txhua txhua pom lub ntsej muag ntawm lub zog ua hauj lwm ntawm kev xav. Nyob rau hauv lub foreground ib tug me nyuam tub rubs nws lub puab tsaig thoughtfully. Nws txiav luv luv, unruly cov plaub hau bristling hedgehog. Piv nrog rau lwm cov me nyuam, nws hnav khaub ncaws heev pluag: qias neeg ragged tsho nrog lub luj tshib belted lace, ntxhib ris tau pom zoo hnub. Nws lub ntsej muag yog tense: ntawm no nws yog, lo lus teb yog rau ntawm txhais tes tam sim no ruam tawm tus nplaig!

Peb tsis paub dab tsi yuav ua ntawm cov tub hluas nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Tej zaum qhov teeb meem yuav muaj mus ntxiv rau cov txiv tsev thiab yawg, thiab yuav laij lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub zos. Tej zaum tawm hauv lub nroog thiab "khob tawm mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no", thiab ib txhia txawm los ua ib tug xib fwb qhia ntawv nws tus kheej. Ib yam yog tej yam: nyob rau hauv lub cab thiab idler tsis muaj leej twg ntawm lawv yuav tig los ntawm tag nrho cov kev txiav txim zoo yuav.

Nyob rau hauv 1897 Pavel Tretyakov mas yuav kis tau "Mental xam" rau lub gallery. Cov duab tam sim no yog nrov, ntau nres nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws, yuav tau xav txog nyob rau hauv kom meej.

"Lub tsev kawm ntawv qhov rooj" (1897)

Muaj ntau cov duab Bogdanov-Belsky, depicting nyob deb nroog rebyatnyu, ntawv. "Nyob rau ntawm lub qhov rooj ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv" - cia li zoo li ntawd. Nyob hauv daim duab peb pom ib tug huv, kaj chav kawm ntawv nyob deb nroog tsev kawm ntawv. Slate nrog raws nraim hlua kab, zoo huv si kab ntawm lub rooj, rau siab ntso bent tshaj lub taub hau nrog cov phau ntawv. Thiab tag nrho cov no txoj kev tshav ntuj zoo tshiab me nyuam kawm ntawv. Tub hnav khaub ncaws heev tsis zoo. Tsho, patchwork, nws nkawd tam sim no crumble txoj cai rau nws, nyob rau lub ris gaping qhov loj khau khiab hnav thiab qias neeg. Nws sawv nrog nws rov qab mus rau tus tuav, thiab zoo nkaus li tawm ntawm lub qhov rooj peek ntawm tag nrho cov no splendor, tsis daring nkag mus. Tej zaum cia li ib zaug sawv ib tug hluas tswv yug yaj Nicholas, tsis daring hla lub chaw pib ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm nws tus siab zoo Racha.

"Cov neeg tuaj saib"

Ob tug me nyuam, ib tug me nyuam tub thiab ib tug ntxhais nkag mus hauv lub tsev loj. Tej zaum tus tub hluas no cov phooj ywg ntawm lub artist tuaj rau nws teeb. Yuag me nyuam txiav luv luv thiab hnav khaub ncaws rau ib tug nyiaj so koobtsheej. Thaum tus hluas nkauj ib tug liab tiab nyob rau hauv taum mog rau ib tug me nyuam tub lub tsho nrog elegant qauv. Parti-kob hnav ris tsho echoes lub scenic drapery qab cov me nyuam. Lawv zaum nyob rau hauv ib tug nplua nuj, los ntawm lawv cov qauv, ib qho yooj yim lub rooj zaum nrog carved heev thiab ceremoniously haus tshuaj yej los ntawm saucers. Nyob rau lub rooj nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv thiab ib khob khob, Bagels thiab qab zib ntsuas. Ib tug mus ntsib mus rau lub manor tsev - tsis yog ib qho yooj yim tshwm sim. paub txog ntawm lub solemnity ntawm lub caij nyeem nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm cov me nyuam, tense nuj nqis ua rhiab.

Duab Bogdanov-Belsky yeej ib txwm bribed lawv lub siab dawb paug thiab spontaneity. Nws yog ib tug hlub tias yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov artist lub tswv yim cuab yeej cuab tam muaj tau poob rau peb kom peb txawv teb chaws thiab dispersed nyob rau hauv private collections.