Acid oxides: piav me ntsis ntawm cov pab pawg

Acidic oxides yog ib pawg neeg loj ntawm cov khoom tshuaj uas hnov mob nrog alkalis. Nrog rau qhov no, ntsev tsim tshwm sim. Tab sis nrog cov acids lawv tsis koom.

Acidic oxides raug tsim los ntawm cov uas tsis yog-hlau. Piv txwv, leej faj, phosphorus thiab chlorine tuaj yeem muab rau pawg neeg no. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj nrog cov qub zog tuaj yeem raug tsim los ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm cov khoom hloov nrog qhov kev ntaus nqi ntawm tsib mus rau xya.

Acidic oxides yuav tuaj yeem nrog dej los tsim cov acids. Txhua cov inorganic acid muaj oxide tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, sulfur oxides daim ntawv sulfate thiab sulphite acids, thiab phosphorus - ortho- thiab metaphosphate acid.

Acid oxides thiab cov hau kev rau lawv npaj

Muaj ntau ntau yooj yim txoj kev rau cov oxides nrog acid zog.

Txoj kev uas feem ntau yog qhov oxidation ntawm non-hlau atoms ntawm oxygen. Piv txwv li, thaum reacting nrog phosphorous oxygenic tau phosphorus oxide. Ntawm chav kawm, qhov no tsis yog ib txwm ua tau.

Lwm cov kev tshwm sim ncaj ncees yog qhov sib sim ntawm oxygen sulfides. Tsis tas li ntawd, oxides kuj tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm qee yam ntsev nrog acids.

Qee zaum siv cov txheej txheem me ntsis sib txawv hauv cov chaw soj ntsuam. Thaum lub sij hawm qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov kua qaub tsim tawm ntawm cov dej - lub cev tsis muaj zog txaus. Los ntawm txoj kev, hais tias yog vim li cas acid oxides yog hu ua nyob rau hauv lwm lub npe - acid anhydrides.

Tshuaj ntawm cov khoom ntawm acidic oxides

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, anhydrides yuav nkag tau nrog cov oxides yooj yim los yog alkalis. Raws li ib tug ntawm xws li ib tug ras txog, lub ntsev ntawm lub corresponding acid raug tsim, thiab nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog lub hauv paus, dej yog tseem tsim. Nws yog tus txheej txheem no uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov acid oxides yooj yim. Ntxiv nrog, anhydrides tsis nrog cov acids.

Lwm cov vaj tse ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw no tseem muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog cov pob zeb amphoteric thiab oxides. Raws li ib tug ntawm cov txheej txheem no, salts kuj tsim.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov anhydrides hnov nrog dej. Raws li ib tug ntawm cov txheej txheem no, tsim tawm ntawm cov acid coj mus pom. Nws yog nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, nyob rau hauv laboratory, piv txwv li, sulfuric acid yog tsim.

Qhov ntau tshaj qhov anhydrides: ib qho kev qhia luv luv

Feem ntau thiab paub tias acidic oxide yog carbon dioxide. Cov tshuaj no nyob rau hauv ib txwm yog ib lub roj tsis muaj kob uas tsis hnov tsw, tab sis muaj qaub qaub qaub.

Incidentally, nyob rau hauv atmospheric siab ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide zaum yuav muaj nyob yog nyob rau hauv gaseous los yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom daim ntawv (cov nab kuab qhuav). Yuav kom hloov lub carbonic anhydride mus rau hauv cov kua, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los nce lub siab. Nws yog qhov khoom ntiag tug uas siv los khaws cov teeb meem.

Carbon dioxide yog ib tug tsev cog khoom pab pawg neeg, vim hais tias tawm txim liab av absorbs infrared rays tuav tshav kub nyob rau hauv cov cua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov yeeb tshuaj no tseem ceeb heev rau lub neej ntawm cov kab mob. Cov tshuaj carbon dioxide muaj nyob hauv qhov chaw ntawm peb lub ntiaj chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem photosynthesis.

Sulfur anhydride, los yog sulfur trioxide, yog lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg neeg no. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm tej yam kev mob, nws yog ib tug tsis muaj kob, ntsuas heev volatile nrog ib tug tsis kaj siab, odorless tsw. Qhov no oxide yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj ua lag luam, vim nws tsim tawm ntawm ntau ntawm sulfuric acid.

Silicon oxide yog lwm yam khoom zoo haum, uas nyob hauv lub xeev li qub yog siv lead ua. Los ntawm txoj kev, xuab zeb muaj precisely ntawm no compound. Silicon oxide thaum rhuab muaj cuab kav mus ntsib thiab solidify. Qhov no yog nws cov khoom siv hauv cov iav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv tsis ua raws li ib qho hluav taws xob tam sim no, yog li ntawd kuv thiaj li siv nws ua ib qho dielectric.