Tshuaj Ntshaub Sulfis

Lub potassium sulphide compound yog ib daim crystalline cov iav uas tsis muaj xim. Nws qhov taw tes melting yog 948 ° C, nrog rau ib qho kev ceev ntawm 1.805 g / cm3 (qhov ceev yog teem rau ntawm tus ntsuas kub ntawm 14 ° C). Cov muaju yog cov kua tshuaj yaj tshab hauv cov dej tsis haum thiab muaj lub siab hygroscopicity. Ntxiv mus, potassium sulfide yog hydrolyzed, nkag soluble nyob rau hauv glycerol thiab ethanol. Thaum sib cog lus nrog lawv, dihydrates thiab pentahydrates raug tsim thaum lub sij hawm kev tshuai, uas muaj cov xim tsis muaj qab hau uas yog H0ob, feem ntau, -984.5 thiab -1880.0 kJ / mol.

Cov khoom ua tau yooj yim heev nyob rau hauv qhib cua, nrog cov tsim ntawm K2S2O3, thiab nrog combustion, SO2 yog tso tawm. Ib qho potassium sulphide tau txais, qhov formula ntawm uas yog K2S, los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm K2CO3 nrog leej faj, thiab nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawm tsam huab cua khiav. Nws yog ib qho ua tau kom tau txais cov khoom thiab los ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ua rau cov pa roj carbon kua qaub K2SO4 ntsev.

Cov kua tshuaj kua sulfide yog dav siv raws li ib qho tsim nyog tivthaiv nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia ntawm lub teeb emulsions thiab coatings nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thiab photography. Hauv kev tsim tshuaj muaj tshuaj, nws siv raws li kev muaj peev xwm los ua ib qho kev sib thooj hauv kev sib cais ntawm ntau yam hlau sulphides. Kev siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam thiab textile industry muaj xws li potassium sulfide nyob rau hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov txhais tau tias rau kev kho thawj cov tawv nqaij.

Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hydrosulfide KHS los yog polysulphides, cov tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv lub technologies ntawm sulphidation ntawm hlau alloys, cam khwb cia hlau thiab hlau. Nws yog heev lug siv nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm cov tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntawm ntau yam kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Kev siv qoob loo ntawm poov tshuaj sulfide yog daim ntawv thov raws li tshuaj tua kab.

Raws li txoj cai, potassium sulphide yog tau ntawm txoj kev yooj yim. Yuav kom qhov no mixed ceev txiv qaub nrog sulfur thiab poov tshuaj carbonate. Qhov no sib tov yog ces yaj nyob rau hauv dej thiab boiled rau ob peb teev. Raws li ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem no, ua tau potassium polysulphide. Ces, los ntawm lub resulting tov los ntawm ib lub lim tshem tawm precipitate calcium carbonate, thiab kev daws evaporated rau nws tus kheej ua ntej xeeb cov kev luj ntawm 1.25-1.30. Thaum kawg, ib tug me me ntawm leej faj ntxiv rau cov tshuaj, boiled dua, thiab tom qab txias, nws yog drained tawm.

Poov tshuaj sulfide tsim tshwm sim quantitatively, tab sis rau xws li ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv khiav yog tsim nyog los muab ib tug qeeb heev evaporation ntawm NH3 vapor los ntawm ib tug raj uas yog pre-sau yuav tsum poov tshuaj hydroxide. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau nqa tawm kom muab kob uas ammonia tshuaj thiab cov dawb precipitate uas yog poov tshuaj sulfide.

Cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau pumped tawm ntev ntev nrog lub twj tso kua mis tshwj xeeb, thiab tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau calcined ntawm qhov kub ntawm 400-500 ° C. Raws li txoj cai, tom qab ntawd, cov khoom siv tau yog av thiab lim nrog nitrogen hauv kev xeem tubes hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev.

Lub txiaj ntsim ntawm cov kua qaub disulfate yog cov hmoov daj, nws cov mis yog K2S2. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev yog 142.327 amu. Ntawm qhov kub ntawm 477 ° C, qhov disulfide pib yaj, thiab thaum 600 ° C nws decomposes.

Cov kua qaub thooj tshuaj txuam nrog ntau yam tshuaj yeeb dej caw. Piv txwv, thaum reacting nrog cov thawj alkyl halides, cov kab mob dialkyl sulfide tau txais. Tsis tas li ntawd mixed kev daws teeb meem ntawm poov tshuaj sulfide nrog rau ntau yam kev daws teeb meem (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog - hromokalievyh thiab potash) alum.

Rau kev kho mob hom phiaj, potassium sulfide yog siv rau ib qho kev kawm siab. Hauv kev lag luam no, nws muaj ntau yam coals, uas tau los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm nws tus kheej, nws cov hydroxide thiab leej faj. Kev mob ntawm cov pa nchuav siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw sov siab tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov kub tsis qis tshaj 800 - 900 ° C. Tom qab ntawd, cov leej faj compounds tau lim thiab cov tshuaj chlorine yog ntxuav nrog hydrochloric acid.