Yuav ua li cas yog lub LEV thiab yuav ua li cas rau decipher cov tsiaj ntawv?

Moscow Art Theatre muaj npe tom qab M. Gorky - ib qho ntawm feem nto moo, renowned thiab nrov ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Artistic thawj coj yog tus naas ej actress Tatiana Doronin.

LEV

Yuav ua li cas yog LEV? Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm lub peev lub theaters. Tag nrho cov lovers ntawm ua yeeb yam, kos duab, ntawm chav kawm, paub nrog cov treasured cov tsiaj ntawv. LEV yog founded hauv 1898. Nws lub hauv paus pib twb KS Stanislavsky thiab V. Nemirovich-Danchenko. Tsev ua yeeb yam ob peb lub sij hawm hloov nws lub npe. Thaum xub thawj nws hu ua Art thiab pej xeem ua yeeb yam, nyob rau hauv 1901 tau txais lub npe ntawm tus Moscow Art ua yeeb yam, thiab lub npe hu ua lub Moscow Art Theatre nyob rau hauv 1919. Deciphering abbreviations - Moscow Art Academic Theatre.

Keeb kwm ntawm tsev ua yeeb yam Birthday

Lub rau hli ntuj 19, 1897 nyob rau ntawm lub lub tsev noj mov "Slavic Bazaar" tuav ib lub rooj sib tham KS Stanislavsky thiab V. Nemirovich-Danchenko, uas tau sib tham txog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim ib lub ua yeeb yam uas yuav tau ua raws li tej ntsiab cai rau lub hauv paus uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Paris "Free Theatre" A. Antoine thiab Berlin ua yeeb yam "Free theem" O Brahma. Qhov no yog ib tug kiag li tshiab yam ntawm acting, qhov twg puas tsav puas yam muaj yuav muaj tiag, tsis muaj pretentious declamations thiab affectedness. Nws kuj yuav tsum ua yeeb yam puas siv tau, uas yog, rau qhov pib nqi twb tsis muaj, thiab ib tus neeg twg ua hauj lwm hauv chav kawm ntawv yuav coj mus rau ntawm kev zoo nkauj. Yog li ntawd pej xeem Art Theatre (LEV) yog tsim.

Nyob rau hauv 1901, lo lus "pej xeem" tau raug muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub npe vim hais tias cov daim pib nqi yuav tsum tau muab tsa, lub Duma tsis kam hais txog nyiaj txiag peb tes num, thiab cov ntaub ntawv kho mob ntawm nws lam xav cov wealthiest cov pej xeem. Director thiab saib xyuas los ua VN Nemirovich-Danchenko, thiab KS Stanislavsky ua ke tus thawj coj txoj hauj lwm nrog rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm thawj thawj coj. Lub troupe twb recruited menyuam kawm ntawv uas tau kawm ua yeeb yam nrog Nemirovich-Danchenko, thiab uas tsis yog-kev lam leej twg ua si nyob rau hauv productions ntawm Stanislavsky.

Cov thawj heev zus tau tej cov ua yeeb yam yog tus xwm txheej no ntawm Tolstoy lub "Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich", uas muaj pov thawj yuav tsum tau phenomenally kev vam meej, thiab sai sai poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog cov neeg tuaj saib. Qhov kawg ntawm 1898 nws coj qhov chaw lub "Seagull" premiere AP Chekhov, staged uas tom qab ua legendary. Qhov no me ntsis Teatrika yog tshiab, thawj, bold thiab kaj. Kom txog rau thaum 1905, lub repertoire muaj plays los ntawm tus sau phau ntawv uas twb contemporaries ntawm lub ua yeeb yam heev dua lwm yam: AK Tolstoy, AP Chekhov, AM Iab, H. Ibsen, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv tau tuaj koom thiab classical ua yeeb yam. Nyob rau hauv 1906, nyob rau nws cov thawj ncig saib mus txawv teb chaws mus rau lub Moscow Art Theatre troupe (seev suab nws lub npe tau raug muab los ntawm peb saum toj no).

Tus theatre tsev

Tsiaj ntawv LEV nyob tsis nyob rau hauv ib zaug, thaum xub thawj nws twb ploj lawm tsab ntawv "A" thiab cov ua yeeb yam hu ua Moscow Art Theatre. Kom txog rau thaum 1902 lub troupe tsis muaj lawv lub tsev, thiab ua yeeb yam tau qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug khiab tsev nyob chav tsev nrog chav rau 815 rooj. Khaws lub poob lawm, costumes, xws li qub thiab npaj kev cob qhia muaj tsis muaj qhov chaw, yog li ntawd muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau hloov lub chav tsev. Nyiaj rau cov kev siv tsis raws li LEV yog tsis tau nyiaj los ntawm lub xeev thiab them nqi xauj tsev mus rau lub tsev tus tswv tsev. Muaj nws yog nyob rau cov nyiaj tau txais los ntawm cov nqi los ntawm daim pib kev muag khoom thiab los ntawm neeg. Ib tug ntawm cov neeg uas ua lag luam nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam, yog ib tug naas ej Morozov, uas tom qab tag nrho coj tshaj lub txais ntawm lub Moscow Art Theatre. Nws tuaj txog daim ntawv xauj tsev ntawm tus tshiab lub tsev, nws renovation thiab cov khoom siv. Lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1902, raws nraim peb lub hlis nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam tau rebuilt tsev Lianozov qhov twg lub tuam txhab tsiv nyob rau hauv lub Autumn ntawm 1902. Nyob rau hauv lub tshiab lub tsev nrog rau tau tsim rau 1,200 spectators, lub scene twb nruab nrog ib tug turntable, thiab nyob rau hauv nws muab tso rau capacious khw muag khoom noj rau decorations. Cov ntaub yog ua los ntawm zawv zawg es tsis txhob ntawm nce, thiab koob hmoov tus naas ej emblem ntawm lub Moscow Art Theatre - ib tug tus noog, uas soars saum toj no lub vuag.

lub Soviet era

Txij li thaum 1906 lub ua yeeb yam pib nyuaj lub sij hawm raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm tsis sib haum ntawm lub Stanislavsky thiab Nemirovich-Danchenko. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lawv tsis kam puag productions, txawm hais tias cov kis yog tsis nyob rau hauv lawv cov tswv yim union. Nyob rau hauv 1919, lub troupe, uas mus nyob ncig saib thoob plaws lub xeev lub zos, raug txiav tawm ntawm Moscow vim hais tias ntawm lub Civil War, thiab tau ces yuam kom mus txawv teb chaws, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1921 lawv twb tau rov qab los.

Nyob rau hauv 1920 lub ua yeeb yam tau raug tsa rau cov nyob qib ntawm kev kawm ntawv, thiab es tsis txhob nyob LEV LEV tsiaj ntawv.

1922 twb cim los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias ib feem ntawm lub troupe ntawm lam, taws los ntawm K. Stanislavsky, ob lub xyoos toured cov teb chaws Europe, txiav txim siab los nyob twj ywm teb chaws, tsis xav rov qab mus rau lub USSR. Nyob rau hauv 1923, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko muaj ib tug es rov ntawm lub troupe, raws li K. S. Stanislavsky ntseeg hais tias cov lam tau poob tus ntsuj plig, tsis nrhiav kev los tsim, ib yam nkaus thiab tibneeg hu tauj coob khoom, puas loj cov nqi thiab cov tau ua ib yam nkaus thiab self-ntseeg. Muaj ntau lam tau hloov los ntawm tshiab thiab cov tub ntxhais, uas yog tus impetus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub Moscow Art Theatre.

Lub repertoire ntawm lub ntsiab qhov chaw tau coj los ntawm cov kev ua si playwrights ntawm lub sij hawm, txawm hais tias classical nrug kuj coj qhov chaw, thiab nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lawv nrug twb tshiab. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ua yeeb yam ntawm lub era twb "Hnub ntawm Turbines", "Armored tsheb ciav hlau 14-69", "Crazy hnub los sis Lub Qhov sib yuav ntawm Figaro." Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1930, sib txawv ntawm Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko thiab KS Stanislavski mus txog cov kev txwv, thiab nyob rau hauv 1934 sab laug lub Moscow Art Theatre Stanislavski.

Nyob rau hauv 1932 lub tsev ua yeeb yog lub npe Maksima Gorkogo tau muab, uas yog nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj npaj kom muaj xws li nyob rau hauv lub repertoire ntawm nws tej hauj lwm.

Tom qab kev tuag ntawm VN Nemirovich-Danchenko Moscow Art Theatre khiav lub Arts Council.

Nyob rau hauv 1950-1960 xyoo lub ua yeeb yam yog nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov, cov tsis muaj ib tug tseem ceeb tus thawj coj tau coj mus rau lub fact tias cov directors tus kheej twb lam, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov ua twb ephemeral, cov neeg tuaj saib yog tsis txaus, lub chaw poob, thiab nyob rau hauv lub collective ua yeebncuab reigned.

Nyob rau hauv 1970, cov kawm Askiv council tau raug tsa ua tus ncej ntawm thawj thawj coj O. Efremov, uas nqus lub neej tshiab mus rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam, staged ib tug series ntawm koj nrug, lub troupe tshiab. Thaum nws tuaj rau lub Moscow Art Theatre lub koob meej. Qhov tshaj plaws xwb hais tias nws yuav kov tsis yeej - yog qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv pab neeg IEP, uas nws thiaj li coj mus rau lub fact tias muaj yog ib tug troupe cais mus rau hauv 2 camps, txhua tus uas tau nws tus kheej repertoire thiab nws cov thawj coj.

Moscow Art Theatre. AP Chekhov

Tsis ntev cleaved nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm cov troupe twb hloov mus rau hauv nyias ua yeeb yam, thiab raws li ib tug tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Moscow yog ob Moscow Art Theatre. Txhua yam ntawm lawv tau nws tus kheej cov thawj coj. Yuav ua li cas yog lub Moscow Art Theatre npe AP Chekhov? Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm ob theaters, tsim los ntawm lub cais. Tsev ua yeeb yam npe AP Chekhov coj los Oleg Efremov. Nyob rau hauv 2000, tom qab nws tuag, nws tau los ua lub taub hau ntawm Oleg Tabakov, yas dhos ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm hnub no. Ua tsaug rau nws, tshiaj lub repertoire, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv classical tej hauj lwm yog tam sim no. Thiab nws ua dua tshiab rau lub tuam txhab. Niaj hnub no, ntawm cov lam ntawm lub ua yeeb yam muaj xws li nto moo npe raws li K. Habensky, M. Porechenkov thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv 2004, lub npe ntawm tus yeeb yam zoo tsab ntawv "A", uas txhais tau tias "kev kawm", thiab tam sim no nws yog hu ua tus Moscow Art Theatre muaj npe tom qab Chekhov. Txawm hais tias official lub npe yog tsis tau hloov, nws yog hloov tsuas yog nyob rau lub zog. Uas niaj hnub no txhais tau tias (raws li txhais) LEV? Cov tib yam li ua ntej lub ua yeeb yam tsaus muag - Moscow Art Academic Theatre. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub Chamberlain txoj kab.

Tsev ua yeeb yam Doroninoj

Yuav ua li cas yog lub Moscow Art Theatre muaj npe tom qab M. Gorky? Qhov thib ob ua yeeb yam, tsim tom qab ib tug split nyob rau hauv 1987. Nws topped nws Tatiana Doronin. Yuav ua li cas sawv lub Moscow Art Theatre muaj npe tom qab M. Gorky? Cov lus teb yog yooj yim heev: lub Moscow Art Academic Theatre muaj npe tom qab Maksima Gorkogo. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm Tverskoy Boulevard. LEV khiav T. Doronina adheres rau sawv uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm Stanislavsky. Nyob rau theem yog classical daim nrog rov qab los coj Nemirovich-Danchenko. Lub emblem ntawm lub Moscow Art Theatre muaj npe tom qab M. Gorky yog ib cov gull hovering tshaj cov tsis.

Lub tsev kawm ntawv-Studio

Yuav ua li cas yog lub Moscow Art Theatre tsev kawm ntawv-Studio? Qhov no lub tsev kawm ntawv kawm ntawv qib siab, uas yog qhib thaum lub Theatre npe AP Chekhov. Ntawm no npaj rau yav tom ntej lam, directors, thiab producers. Qhib studio tsev kawm ntawv yog nyob rau hauv 1943 nyob rau hauv cov teg num ntawm Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. 6 lub hlis tom qab nws tuag, lub tsev kawm ntawv lub npe hu ua tom qab nws. Qhov no kawm ntawv qib siab ua yeeb yam yog ib qho ntawm feem nto moo thiab renowned nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, muaj yog heev yooj yim ua vim yog cov kev sib tw. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub sawv department ntawm lub contest yog hais txog 30 cov neeg nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Ntawm cov kawm tiav ntawm lub Moscow Art Theatre tsev kawm ntawv muaj npe tom qab VN Nemirovich-Danchenko, ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm nto moo lam: L. Bronevoy, E. Evstigneev, T. Doronin, O. Basilashvili, A. Filozov, Vladimir Vysotsky, N. Karachentsov, E. Proklova, Ib lub pob, Mironov thiab lwm tus neeg.

Lub repertoire ntawm lub Moscow Art Theatre muaj npe tom qab M. Gorky

Cov neeg tuaj saib, yam tsawg kawg ib zaug mus xyuas lub Moscow Art ua yeeb yam, rau qhov cov tawm tswv yim heev zoo siab. Yog li, cov lus ntawm admiration sounded nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub lam, directors, decorators. Thaum lub ua yeeb yam yog nthuav plays, ob qho tib si classical thiab niaj hnub, uas, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, nws yog heev nrov nrog cov pej xeem. Nyob rau hauv lub repertoire tseem muaj ua yeeb yam rau cov me nyuam, uas yuav tsum tau mus xyuas li ib tsev neeg.

Niaj hnub no, ntawm cov productions yog nto moo heev:

• "Blue noog";
• "Qhob noom xim kasfes peeb zeej";
• "Xib Hwb thiab Margarita";
• "Romeo thiab Juliet";
• "Lavxias teb sab vaudeville";
• "Hamlet";
• "Vassa Zheleznov" thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Tom qab nyeem ntawv no tsab xov xwm, tsis muaj ib tug yog tsis muaj lo lus nug, raws li cov stands (raws li txhais) LEV.

lub tuam txhab

Rau hnub tim, lub tsev ua yeeb yog xav paub ntau tshaj 60 lam. 18 ntawm lawv muaj lub npe ntawm "honored Artist ntawm Russia" thiab 13 - lub npe ntawm cov "neeg lub Artist ntawm Russia".

Yog li ntawd niaj hnub no tshwm rau peb LEV, deciphering acronyms uas zoo xws li "Moscow Art Academic ua yeeb yam."