Yuav ua li cas yog lexicology: txhais, cov hom phiaj, kev sib raug zoo nrog rau lwm cov sciences

Niaj hnub nimno Philology raws li ib tug science muaj ob peb seem, txhua tus uas yog mob siab rau rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ib tug lus tshwm sim los yog hauv chav kawm ntawv. Ib tug ntawm cov khej yog devoted mus rau xws li ib tug qeb raws li lo lus. Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog dab tsi yog lexicology, dab tsi yog nws tus kwv, thiab hais tias nws yog kawm.

txhais

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cia tus pib nrog lub ntsiab txhais ntawm lub tswv yim thiab ib daim ntawv teev cov ntsiab teeb meem hais txog nrog los ntawm cov kev kawm.

Lexicology - ib tug ceg lug uas kawm cov lus, xws li cov lus lub ntsiab lus. Tokens muaj ib tug dual qauv. Nkawd ob leeg muaj ib lub hom phiaj thiab cov ntsiab lus lub hom phiaj ntawm kev qhia.

Nyob rau hauv kev, science yog kawm hauv qab no:

1. Lexical muaj pes tsawg leeg cov lus.
2. Qhov ratio ntawm cov lus thiab cov tswv yim uas muab rau lawv.
3. Basic hom lexical ntsiab - direct, portable.
4. Keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov lo lus, cov ntsiab lus.
5. Raws li cov pab pawg neeg, nyob ntawm seb lawv stylistic qhov tseem ceeb, zaus ntawm kev siv.

sections

Nyob rau hauv lexicology qhia sib txawv khej thiab tswj.

Cov muaj xws li:

1. Tag nrho cov lexicology uas kawm cov general cai ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov lo lus, nws tau hauj lwm.
2. Tshwj xeeb, kawm cov lus ntawm ib yam lus.
3. Keeb kwm - tshuaj xyuas qhov keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov lo lus, txoj kev uas paub cov ntsiab lus. Qhov thib ob ntawm nws lub npe - etymology.
4. Comparative - kev tshawb fawb paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm ob tug los yog ntau hom lus, qhov tseem ceeb nws thiab siab zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv cov qauv thiab cov semantics.
5. Applied lexicology - ib tug science uas kawm cov lus nug ntawm lug, kab lis kev cai ntawm kev hais lus, raws li tau zoo raws li nta ntawm compiling dictionaries.

Kev sib txuas lus nrog lwm yam kev kawm

Peb nrhiav tau tias lexicology yog tam sim no lub sij hawm los tham txog hais tias nrog ib co ntawm Philology nws yog txuam.

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov nws yog zoo kev cob cog rua nrog lexicography, cov kev kawm ntawm lub tsev lag luam thiab hauj lwm ntawm lub dictionaries. Lub homphiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lexicography yog ib tug phau ntawv txhais lus, uas tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov lus - lawv semantics, grammatical nta, siv lub Scope, keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv, zaum lexicographers tau ncaj qha los ntawm txoj kev lexicography.

Nws yog kev cob cog rua nrog lub etymology, cov kev kawm ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lo lus. Nyob rau hauv etymological dictionaries nws yog kaw tsis tau tsuas yog lub ntsiab lus tab sis kuj nws cov keeb kwm, keeb kwm ntawm tsim thiab transformation. Tej zaum nyob rau hauv cov kev cob qhia cov hoob kawm "Lexicology", lub ntsiab txhais ntawm uas peb tau muab, lub etymology yog tsis cais nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib seem.

Onomastics - qhov kev kawm ntawm cov npe. Tshuaj xyuas qhov tshwm sim thiab tau hauj lwm ntawm npe - npe thiab lub xeem, lub npe ntawm zos, zos, dej ntws, lub npe, qhov chaw tej khoom.

Stylistics - tshuaj xyuas qhov hauj lwm ntawm tej pab pawg ntawm cov lo lus nyob rau hauv ib tug kev style raws li lawv lub ntsiab lus thiab cov keeb kwm, uas.

Phraseology - lub science uas kawm cov idioms, paj lug thiab sayings, txoj kev uas lawv tshwm sim, tus nqi. Heev feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus yuav pom "Lexicology thiab phraseology" seem, tab sis ib txhia sau phau ntawv ntawm cov phau ntawv thiab kev kawm tseem xav kom lawv mus rau hauv ob nqe lus nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no.

lub tsev kawm ntawv cov hoob kawm

Familiarization nrog lexicology, zoo li lwm yam ceg lug, pib hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Txij li thaum lub thib tsib qib, cov me nyuam yuav nkag tau mus rau cov kev qhia tswj - piav qhia txog dab tsi lexicology, kawm kom paub qhov txawv ntawm txhais, txhais ntxeev, thiab homonyms, tos ib tug khub ntawm lawv, tham txog lub ambiguity thiab uniqueness ntawm cov lo lus, xav txog lub phenomenon paronymy. Tom ntej no nkag tau rau lub active thiab passive paj tau paj, lub khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm cov lo lus - lus dev, lub suab hais lus, vernacular, kantselyarizmami.

Tsim nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm cov kev txawj ntse thiab ua hauj lwm nrog dictionaries - qhia rau lawv mus nrhiav tej lo lus kom nyeem nkag thiab extract cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog.

Nyob rau hauv high school, qhov kev paub no dua, systematize thiab txhawb.

Kawm nyob rau lub tsev kawm ntawv

Cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Philology txoj kev tshawb no seem "Lexicology" Lavxias teb sab lus pib nyob rau hauv lub thib ob xyoo. Thaum lub sij hawm hauv chav kawm, cov menyuam kawm rho cov tswv yim ntawm lexicology, cov lo lus txoj kev tshawb no khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg nyob rau hauv keeb kwm, nws ua hauj variants, stylistic possibilities ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv thiab pab pawg ntawm cov lus.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua tib zoo kawm lub tswv yim xws li txhais, txhais ntxeev, polysemy thiab homonymy, Paronyms. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm kom paub cov tub ntxhais kawm uas sib txawv vocabularies. Heev feem ntau, nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm muaj xws li lub phraseology thiab, tshem nws ob peb zaj lus qhia,.

Tsis tas li ntawd, feem ntau heev nyob rau tib lub sij hawm kawm lexicography lexicology, qhov tseem ceeb nws nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib tshwj xeeb cov hoob kawm.

tshawb pom

Peb nrhiav tau tias lexicology yog, dab tsi yog nws cov ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm kev ua hauj lwm li cas thiab Philology, nws yog feem ntau zoo kev cob cog. Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm seem no lug pib hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab nyob rau hauv qhia ntawv rau hauv lub University ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Philology ntawm kev txawj ntse li yav tas los puas tau tau tob dua thiab zoo tuaj.