Yuav ua li cas yog charisma thiab passionarnost: zoo sib xws thiab sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus

Lub tswvyim ntawm "charisma" thiab "passionarnost" feem ntau yog tuab cov neeg uas ua ib tug active lub neej, muaj ntau zog lub zog thiab tshwj xeeb powers kom koj yaum tau thiab yuav ua rau lwm tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb xav, ethnography LNGumileva passionaries ntaus nqi mus rau cov muaj peev xwm mus ua tau ib tug tub rog, ua kom txhoj puab heev thiab txhoj puab heev ua. Charismatic cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv Sociology, Max Weber kuj los ua tsov rog heroes, cov thawj coj ntawm cov neeg tua tsiaj, healers thiab diviners. Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm neeg zoo tib yam, passionary thiab charismatic cwm pwm muaj tshwj xeeb tej yam yees siv thiab superhuman powers.

Teb cov lus nug, yog dab tsi yog ib tug charisma Max Weber txhais nws li qhov zoo tshaj ntawm ib tug neeg, uas muab ib tug neeg txoj cai thiab lub hwj chim. Lub tswvyim ntawm charisma tau tam sim no kis tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim, tab sis kuj yuav tshawb fawb, businessmen, sau ntawv, thiab lwm yam

Cov kev zoo sib thooj ntawm cov tswv yim ntawm kev tsav thiab charisma

1) "Passionary tawg" nyob rau hauv LNGumileva kev tshawb xav yog ib txwm ib tug critically endangered haiv neeg pab pawg neeg thiab pab mus rau rov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug tshiab rau txiv neej - ib tug active thiab proactive, tau reclaim lawv haiv neeg. Ib tug zoo xws li cov tswvyim no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Sociology kev tshawb xav thiab yog hu ua tus "charismatic flare", uas kom meej meej manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub revolutionary cov thawj coj thiab lawv entourage.

2) S.Ayzenshtadt piav txog dab tsi charisma, siv lub tswvyim ntawm "charismatic zeal," uas yog heev ze nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm tsav, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom active cov kauj ruam yuav txia haiv neeg. Tej thawj coj, muaj ib tug dhau heev lawm ntawm lub dag lub zog thiab lub zog, uas yuav tsum tau tswj ob constructive thiab puas nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj.

3) Lub xav xav tau thiab fanaticism - lub hom nta uas txiav txim seb charisma thiab dab tsi passionarnost neeg. Fanatics rau lub hom phiaj no yuav txi nws tus kheej, nws tsev neeg, lwm cov neeg, tsis txhob yig thiab tsis txhob tos.

4) Thiab passionary thiab charismatic cov thawj coj muaj lub peev xwm mus hais tau tus masses ntawm cov neeg ua, muab nyob rau hauv nws rhetoric uas mob siab rau, muaj zog tus cwj pwm txawv, uas yuav muaj peev xwm kis tau rau lwm tus neeg. Nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj ntawm tsav cov tswvyim no yog hu ua "mob siab teb", hauv uas ua passionate induction (kab mob), thiab nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo kev tshawb xav - "charisma lub suab." Suab thawj coj ntxiv thiab ntaus nqi los ntawm lwm tus neeg raws li ib tug zoo, charming, haub.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm tsav thiab charisma

1) Lub tswvyim ntawm "passionarnost" siv tau los piav lub ntiaj teb no keeb kwm thiab thaj txheej xwm, thaum lub tswvyim ntawm "charisma" yog tsuas yog siv los piav cov tam sim no cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv nom ua tswv, nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ntawm kev discoveries.

2) Kev loj hlob ntawm charisma raws li ib tug tus kheej tivthaiv yog tsa los ntawm cov nom tswv cov thawj coj ntawm kaj txheej xwm nyob rau hauv lub zej lub zos. Los ntawm kev txo cov cua kub lub hwj chim thiab cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm cov nom tswv txheej xwm thiab lub stabilization ntawm nyiaj txiag thiab kev nom kev tswv lub neej nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog txo kom tsawg thiab lub hwj chim ntawm charisma los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Passionarnost li ib tug tseem ceeb zoo ntawm tus neeg thiab yuav ploj nrog kev tuag ntawm passionaries uas, nrhiav tib lub hom phiaj, nws teev tshiab.

3) Political zaum thiab kev nom kev tswv neeg sau xov xwm, tsis muaj hesitation, hais tias qhov no charisma, intuitive siv cov tswvyim no nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog rau lub hom phiaj uas nws tau muab Weber - qhov zoo tshaj ntawm tus neeg thawj coj lub hwj chim. Thaum lub tswvyim ntawm tsav txwm siv nyob rau hauv lub ethnography ntawm kev coj noj coj, historians, geographers.

4) Passionarnost - ib tug dav heev tswvyim tshaj charisma, yog li passionaries yuav muaj zog, lub suab, lub hwj chim thiab persuasiveness ntawm charismatic cov thawj coj uas tsis yog ib txwm passionaries. Lawv charisma yuav ua tau ib ntus manifestation, yam ntxwv ntawm no era.

Niaj hnub nimno cov kev tshawb fawb rau to taub dab tsi yog charisma thiab yuav ua li cas los tsim nws, nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm psychology thiab kev nom kev tswv science, kev kawm ntawv thiab kev lagluam. Ua ntau charismatic li sai tau, tsim ib tug tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv cov haiv neeg, thaum lub sij hawm advent ntawm passionaries haiv neeg tsis muaj peev xwm mus kav, thiab tsuas muaj lub peev xwm los qhia lawv energies nyob rau hauv kev muaj nuj nqis ub no.