Xenobiotics thiab cov neeg. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm xenobiotics. Cawv ntawm xenobiotics rau tib neeg. Xenobiotics - tias ...

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm muaj haiv neeg, muaj ib tug kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub biosphere. Ib tug ntau ntawm txawv teb chaws tshuaj, uas yog cov khoom ntawm tib neeg kev ua si, mus rau hauv ib puag ncig. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam lub livelihoods ntawm tag nrho cov uas muaj sia nyob, nrog rau peb tus kheej.

Yuav ua li cas yog xenobiotics?

Xenobiotics - yog hluavtaws tshuaj uas ua adversely rau tej kab mob. Qhov no pab pawg neeg no muaj xws li pov tseg muaj cov kev ua ub, tsev neeg lub hom phiaj (hmoov, cav ntxuav tais diav), lub tsev ntaub ntawv thiab thiaj li nyob. D.

Ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm xenobiotics - tshuaj uas kom cov emergence ntawm cov qoob loo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau ua liaj ua teb los ua kom cov qoob loo kuj mus rau ntau yam kab, raws li zoo raws li muab nws ib tug zoo zoo. Yuav kom ua tau qhov no nyhuv, siv cov tshuaj tua kab, uas yog alien rau lub cev.

Tsev ntaub ntawv, adhesives, xim, tsev neeg cov khoom, kev pab noj haus - tag nrho cov xenobiotics. Mus rau qhov no pab pawg neeg, oddly txaus, thiab ib co lom kab mob, xws li kab mob, kab mob, pathogenic fungi, cua nab.

Raws li xenobiotics ua rau lub cev?

Tshuaj alien rau tag nrho cov nyob yam, adversely cuam tshuam ntau metabolic dab. Piv txwv li, hnyav hlau yuav nres lub lag luam los ntawm daim nyias nyias raws kev rhuav tseg feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov nqaijrog destabilize lub plasmalemma thiab lub cell phab ntsa, ua kom ua xua.

Tej kab mob rau tej qhov twg yog yoog mus rau tshem tawm ntawm tshuaj lom tshuaj lom. Txawm li cas los, cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yuav tsis tau raug tshem tawm kiag li. Ions ntawm cov hlau, tshuaj lom organic thiab inorganic tshuaj nws thiaj li noog nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab tom qab ib tug tej lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm (feem ntau ob peb xyoos tom qab) ua rau cov pathologies, cov kab mob, kev ua xua.

Xenobiotics - tshuaj lom. Lawv muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv lub digestive system, ua pa system thiab txawm los ntawm lawm daim tawv nqaij. nkag mus rau txoj nyob rau lub xeev ntawm aggregation, qauv ntawm qhov teeb meem, raws li tau zoo raws li ib puag ncig tej yam kev mob.

Los ntawm lub qhov ntswg kab noj hniav nrog cua los yog hmoov av tau nkag mus rau hauv lub cev gaseous hydrocarbons, ethyl thiab methyl alcohols, acetaldehyde, hydrogen chloride, ether, acetone. Raws li digestive system txeem phenols, cyanides, hnyav hlau (lead, chromium, hlau, cobalt, tooj liab, mercury, thallium, antimony). Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg uas hais xws li hlau los yog cobalt, tsim nyog rau lub cev, tab sis lawv cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj ib tug thousandth ntawm ib tug feem pua. Thaum dua koob tshuaj lawv kuj ua ib tug tsis ntxim.

kev faib ntawm xenobiotics

Xenobiotics - nws tsis yog tshuaj organic thiab inorganic keeb kwm. Yuav kom qhov no pab pawg neeg yuav, thiab lom yam, xws li cov kab mob, kab mob, pathogenic fungi thiab protists, helminths. Oddly txaus, tab sis xws cev phenomena li suab nrov, co, radiation, rays, kuj zwm rau xenobiotics.

Raws li cov tshuaj nyob tus yeees ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj lom muab faib mus rau hauv:

1. Organic (phenols, alcohols, hydrocarbons, aldehydes thiab ketones, halogenated ethers, thiab hais txog. D.).
2. Caij-organic (organic phosphorus, organic mercury thiab lwm tus).
3. Lub inorganic (co thiab lawv oxides, acids, bases).

Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov tshuaj xenobiotics raug muab faib mus rau hauv lub nram qab no pab pawg:

1. Muaj.
2. Tsev neeg.
3. Agricultural.
4. Tej yam tshuaj lom.

Yog vim li cas xenobiotics cuam tshuam kev noj qab nyob?

Cov tsos ntawm txawv teb chaws tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj peev xwm tiag muaj feem xyuam rau nws ua tau zoo. Nce concentration ntawm xenobiotics ua rau pathologies kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub DNA theem.

Tiv thaiv - ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab kev tiv thaiv teeb meem. Cawv ntawm xenobiotics yuav kis tau mus rau lub cev, tiv thaiv lub lag luam ntawm lub lymphocytes. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov hlwb yuav ua tau hauj lwm zoo, uas ua rau yus mus rau ib tug weakening ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob thiab lub rov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua xua.

Lub genome ntawm lub hlwb rhiab rau cov teebmeem ntawm tej mutagen. Xenobiotics, tob tob mus rau hauv lub cell, tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam rau tej qauv ntawm DNA thiab RNA, uas ua rau yus change. Yog hais tias cov xov tooj ntawm loj cov txheej xwm, txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob cancer zoo nkaus li.

Ib txhia tshuaj lom ua xyua rau lub hom phiaj hloov khoom nruab nrog. Yog li, cais neurotrophic xenobiotics (mercury, hmoov txhuas, manganese, carbon disulfide), Gematotropnye (benzene, arsenic, phenylhydrazine) hepatotropic (chlorinated hydrocarbons), nephrotropic (cadmium tebchaw thiab fluorine, ethylene glycol).

Xenobiotics thiab cov neeg

Economic thiab muaj kev ua ub dejnum rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv vim lub loj npaum li cas ntawm pov tseg, tshuaj, pharmaceuticals. Xenobiotics yog tam sim no nyob txhua txhia qhov chaw, thiab yog li yuav ua rau muaj ntawm lawv yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub cev yog ib txwm siab.

Txawm li cas los, feem ntau haib xenobiotics, uas yog nyob rau qhov txhia chaw rau txiv neej - cov tshuaj no. Pharmacology raws li ib tug science kawm cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv uas muaj sia nyob. Raws li kws txawj, xenobiotics xws keeb kwm yog qhov ua rau ntawm 40% ntawm tus kab mob siab, thiab nws yog tsis muaj coincidence: lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub siab yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm toxins. Yog li ntawd, lub cev feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm high koob tshuaj.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev qaug tshuaj lom

Xenobiotics - yog txawv teb chaws mus rau hauv lub cev substance. Cov tib neeg lub cev tau tsim ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm txoj kev los tshem tawm cov toxins. Piv txwv li, tshuaj lom muaj peev xwm yuav neutralized thiab muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub siab mus rau hauv ib puag ncig los ntawm cov pa, excretory system, sebaceous hws thiab txawm ob lub mis.

Dua li no, tus neeg yuav tsum coj cov kauj ruam kom txo tau qhov teeb meem los ntawm cov tshuaj lom tuag. Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xaiv cov zaub mov. "E" pab pawg neeg ntawm additives muaj zog xenobiotics, li ntawd, lub purchase ntawm tej khoom yuav tsum tau zam. Nws yog tsis tsim nyog xwb nyob rau hauv tsos xaiv txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Yuav tau them nyiaj mloog mus rau lub hnub tas sij hawm, piv txwv li. A. Thaum nws expiry nyob rau hauv cov khoom ua cov tshuaj lom tuag.

Yuav tsim nyog los paub qhov kev ntsuas ntawm yeeb tshuaj. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, rau txoj kev kho feem ntau yog ib tug tsim nyog yuav tsum tau, tab sis nco ntsoov hais tias nws tsis tsim mus rau hauv systematic ruaj noj ntawm pharmaceuticals.

Tsis txhob ua hauj lwm nrog yus reagents, allergens, ntau yam hluavtaws tshuaj. Txo cov nyhuv ntawm tsev neeg tshuaj rau koj noj qab haus huv.

xaus

Nws tsis yog ib txwm tau mus soj ntsuam qhov teeb meem los ntawm xenobiotics. Tej zaum lawv noog nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau, ua ib tug lub sij hawm foob pob. Lwm yog cev teeb meem rau kev noj qab nyob, uas ua rau yus txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob.

Yog li ntawd nco ntsoov txog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tiv thaiv kev ntsuas. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis pom ib tug tsis ntxim tam sim ntawd, tab sis tom qab ib tug ob peb xyoos ntawm xenobiotics yuav ua tau kom loj txim. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog nws.