"Severodvinsk" submarine. Lavxias teb sab ntau yam nuclear submarine

Navy Russia yog inconceivable tsis muaj niaj hnub high-tech kev sib ntaus los submarines. Ib tug ntawm cov brightest cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg ntawm nuclear submarines yog suav tias yog submarine "Severodvinsk" - lub brainchild ntawm "Sevmash". Lub Xya hli ntuj 28, 2014 lub submarine sab laug lub tshuab-tsev enterprise ntawm cov defensive complex ntawm lub nroog ntawm Severodvinsk thiab mus rau kev sib ntaus los luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qhov dej ntawm tus dawb Hiav txwv.

Lub Western xovxwm txog cov underwater txuj ci tseem ceeb Russia

Lavxias teb sab submarine "Severodvinsk" nyob rau hauv 2014, tsim ib tug furor nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob tub rog kws txawj ib puag ncig. English sau ib tsab Lub Sunday Times qhia: "Lub hnub poob yog ntshai ntawm tus tsiaj nyaum los ntawm lub depths." Raws li neeg sau xov xwm, cov tsiaj - tsis yog hais tias lwm yam, raws li ib tug tshiab Lavxias teb sab tsim - multi-purpose nuclear-powered submarine "Severodvinsk". Muaj ntau cov kws txawj xam phaj los ntawm cov ntawv, muab sau hais tias tom qab nws nyob raws li ib feem ntawm cov rog, Russia tsoo lub ntiaj teb no cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv underwater technology. Submarine "Severodvinsk" - yog qhov tseem ceeb nkoj ntawm peb tes num kev loj hlob 885 "Tshauv", nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab uas muaj 8 universal launchers, nruj mus txog 32 cruise cuaj luaj. Nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm cuaj luaj submarine "Severodvinsk" tau ua puas lub nto thiab ntug dej lub hom phaj nrog lub sighting ntau yam ntawm ob peb kaum tawm txhiab tus kilometers. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, kaum submersibles yuav sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov yeeb ncuab ships.

Cov zaj dab neeg ntawm ib tug submarine

Northern Fleet ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy tau txais lawv txhais tes rau ntawm lub newest nuclear-powered txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Tiam IV. Tus thawj tab ntawm ib tug warship ntawm no hauv chav kawm ntawv tau raug ua nyob rau hauv lub tshuab-tsev enterprise "Sevmash" nyob rau hauv Severodvinsk Hlis ntuj nqeg 21, 1993. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm lub nyiaj txiag teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog tsis tau tso cai rau pib full-scale kev siv ntawm ib tug tub rog lub chaw. Ib txhia raug dab vim cov neeg pluag nyiaj yuav tsum tau tso tseg. Grand tsim kev daws teeb meem rau architecture, tsim kho submarine yuav tsum tau tej yam approvals thiab koos. Nyob rau hauv 2009, peb tes num ntawm ib tug hiav txwv typing pas dej ua ke "Malachite" hauv lub nroog ntawm St. Petersburg tau txais kev cai thiab tau noj nyob rau hauv lub tus kheej tswj ntawm peb tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation D. A. Medvedevym. Rau tsib lub xyoos, los ntawm 2009 mus rau 2014, submarine "Severodvinsk" twb muaj thiab tag nrho lawm txheej txheem kev voj voog. Nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis 2013 tau txais lub hiav txwv kev nyuaj siab los ntawm lub Xeev Commission ntawm lub Ministry ntawm kws muaj txuj ci, thiab Lub rau hli ntuj 17, 2014 nyob rau hauv nqe ntaus rog submarine twb ceremonially hoisted lub banner ntawm St. Andrew. Naval Submarine Base 10 Division ntawm lub sab qaum teb Fleet Zaozersk nroog tau txais ib tug tshiab ntau yam nuclear submarine.

Technological yam ntxwv ntawm lub underwater dab

Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm Lavxias teb sab Premier League - nws yog ib tug tov siv system uas thiaj li ua suab nrov thiab ua rau lub nkoj zoo invisible, thiab yog li ntawd invulnerable. Lawm, tag nrho cov tswv yim thiab kev yam ntxwv ntawm peb tes num 885 muaj nyob rau hauv lub strictest cog qoob loo. Xa mus rau cov lus ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub txawj ntse cov kev pab cuam, Lub Sunday Times hais tias nyob rau hauv thawj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm qhov tseeb submarine K 560 "Severodvinsk" muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog lub tebchaws United States. Qhov no yog tsis xav tsis thoob. Tom qab tag nrho, ua tsaug rau lub project tsis pub leejtwg paub, tsis muaj ib tug paub ib nrab ntawm dab tsi yuav tsum yog nyob rau board lub nuclear submarine "Severodvinsk". Tsuas cov tub rog kws txawj yuav twv uas cheeb tsam ntawm lub ntiaj teb no dej hiav txwv, qhov no warship yuav nkag mus rau nqe ntaus rog luag hauj lwm.

Kev yam ntxwv ntawm lub nuclear submarine

Yuav ua li cas yog cov kev nta ntawm no loj underwater nkoj?

Lub submarine "Severodvinsk" - ib tug tub rog lub chaw, uas yog armed nrog cruise missiles thiab xaiv yaam. Lub haumxeeb lub hom phiaj ntawm nqe ntaus rog riam phom - lub yeej ntawm cov cab kuj sib ntaus sib tua pawg thiab submarines tej zaum tus yeeb ncuab. Ib txhia specifications:

• lub siab tshaj plaws ntev yog 120 m;
• Maximum dav - 14 m;
• qhov siab - 10 m;
• hwj chim nuclear reactor OK-650V yog 190 MW;
• xaav - 13.800 tons;
• nto ceev - 16 pob caus ntawd;
• ceev dhia - 31 pob caus ntawd;
• autonomy nyob rau hauv dej - 100 hnub;
• nkoj muaj 90 cov neeg ntawm cov neeg coob.

Txwv txiav cov qhov tob ntawm lub submarine thaum dhia yog 600 meters.

Sib ntaus sib tua lub "filling" submarine

Nyob rau hauv "Severodvinsk" yog armed nrog:

• 10 torpedo apparatuses (533 thiab 650 hli);
• 32 supersonic cruise nkoj cuaj luaj P-800 "Onyx";
• winged X-101 xaiv yaam cuaj luaj;
• cruise missiles, av puas tsuaj ZM-14E.

Qhov chaw torpedo - tsis nyob rau hauv cov hneev ntawm lub nkoj, thiab cov compartment rau lub hauv paus tswj chaw nres tsheb. Tsaug rau no txawj tej yam ntxiv kav hlau txais xov sonar system "Ajax" nyob rau hauv lub rau pem hauv ntej compartment ntawm lub nkoj.

Missile complex installation ntawm P-800 "Onyx"

Niaj hnub nimno Lavxias teb sab submarines ntawm plaub tiam yog nruab nrog ib tug haib antiship missile P-800 "Onyx" complex. Nws yog tsim los ntaus riam phom Reutov "NPO Tshuab Tsev", lub department chief designer G. Efremov. Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm, "Onyx" RCC pib yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub 80s. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub Soviet predecessors, niaj hnub systems yog universally siv tau thoob plaws siv: pib tau nto ships thiab ntug dej sib, submarines, raws li zoo raws li aircraft. Nyob rau hauv 1987 nws tau nqa tawm ntuav community launch complex. Tom qab lub xeev cov kev ntsuam xyuas nyob rau hauv 2002 foob pob ua ntxaij launcher tau txais kev sib ntaus los caj npab hauv lub Navy ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Sonar system "Ajax"

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm Russia lub Northern Fleet, ua tsaug rau multi-purpose submarine "Severodvinsk", tau txais lawv txhais tes rau ntawm "Ajax" ib tug zuag qhia tag nrho kheej kheej sonar system. Enclosure system qauv yog ua los ntawm steel AK-32. Qhov no austenitic hlau nrog ib tug tawm los lub dag lub zog ntawm 100 kg / mm².

Zoo tshaj cov neeg sib tw

Kev superiority ntawm no hom ntawm submarine yog raws li nram no:

• theem siab ntawm automation;
• periscopic telemetry MTC-115-2, uas ua ib qho txheej txheem cej luam nto thaum lub sij hawm immersion tob ntawm 50 m;
• Ntsiag to lub kiv cua ncej ntawm lub cev muaj zog;
• unified system rau ib tug offensive nres ntawm marine thiab raws li daim av yeeb ncuab lub hom phaj;
• kuas system haib poob siab riam phom;
• ntau yam ntawm kev ua hauj lwm depths.

Tag nrho cov tsim nta tawm lawv cov neeg sib tw qab deb. Qhov kev zoo yog ib tug zoo kom zoo dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus los.

nqi ntawm qhov kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob prospects

Teb tshaj tawm tus nqi ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Premier League yog 47 billion rubles, uas yog 2 lub sij hawm siab tshaj tus nqi ntawm lub project 955 nuclear missile "Northwind". rau "cov hmoov tshauv" tej yaam num teem tseg yuav tsum tau tso tawm nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze yav tom ntej. Yog li, peb yuav xaus uas lub tub rog Lus Qhuab Qhia ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation aimed ntawm lub submarine fleet ntawm multi-purpose nuclear submarines.

Test cawm capsule

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab submarine "Severodvinsk" coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub pop-up xeem ua hauj lwm system cawm chamber. Nyob rau ib lub tob ntawm 40 meters nyob rau hauv lub Bay ntawm Zapadnaya Litsa nuclear submarine simulates ib taag txoj hauj lwm rau hauv av conditionally thaum muaj xwm ceev submarine. Raws li kws txawj thiab kuaj pab neeg uas koom nyob rau hauv lub ce rau cov neeg coob evacuated, lub koob yees duab yuav ua tau ib tug tiag tiag boon rau hauv tus cawm ntawm cov neeg tsav nkoj ntawm lub submarine "Kursk".

Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Lavxias teb sab submarine fleet

Statistical tau ntawm lub thoob ntiaj teb caj npab trade center hais tias nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv niaj hnub no yog 450 tauj submarines ntawm ntau yam kawm ntawv. Cov qhia tawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy rau 60 units, uas yog, zoo txhua txhua xya nkoj - Lavxias teb sab. Cov no naj npawb ntawm cov kev sib ntaus los riam phom 10 nuclear submarines uas xaiv yaam lub hom phiaj, thiab tus so yog diesel-powered, multi-purpose thiab tshwj xeeb-lub hom phiaj tej nkoj nquam. Raws li cov tub rog kws txawj, los ntawm 2020, tag nrho cov "laus" submarine project 971 thiab 949 yuav modernized thiab nruab nrog niaj hnub sib ntaus los systems, raws li cov nuclear submarine "Severodvinsk". Li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tus, heev tubntxhais. Rau hnub tim, lub Lavxias teb sab submarine fleet tau txais nuclear submarines ntawm plaub tiam. Tsis zoo li yav dhau los lub nkoj tua rog nyob rau hauv hais tias nws muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm riam phom qhov kev tso kawm. Tag nrho cov qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas nyob rau hauv lub high-ntau foob pob ua ntxaij tuaj txoos ua ke nyob rau hauv no underwater complex. Submarine "Severodvinsk" nkoj yog txawm peem rau nrog niaj hnub hluav taws xob sensors, tau mus rau teb rau tej zog ntawm cov yeeb ncuab cov khoom rau kaum ntawm txhiab tus kilometers. Lub ntsiab tactical "Severodvinsk" ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau mus coj thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm xaiv yaam kev sib ntaus los warships.

Cov kev yam ntxwv ntawm nuclear submarine "Severodvinsk" yog tsis inferior mus rau lub American thiab British qauv, thiab nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas surpasses lawv. Lub nkoj yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug tshaj nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag ceg thiab qhov tseeb kev sib txuas lus thiab navigation.

Ib me ntsis keeb kwm

Nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj 1933, lub Soviet Union Northern Flotilla twb tsim. Los ntawm lub sij hawm no pib lub keeb kwm ntawm cov rog sab qaum teb ciam teb rau lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Txij li thaum May 1937 North Hiav txwv fleet renamed lub Northern Fleet ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy. Neeg ua hauj lwm coj noj coj ua sib ntaus sib tua tsim nyob rau hauv Severomorsk. Tus thawj commander ntawm lub fleet tau raug taw Vice-Admiral Konstantin Ivanovich Dushenov. Nyob rau lub rau hli ntuj 24, 2011 lub commander ntawm Russia lub Northern Fleet, Admiral Vladimir Korolev ntawv. Rau hnub tim, lub sab qaum teb cov tub rog hauv paus ntawm txoj hiav txwv ciam teb rau lwm dab tsi rau missile thiab torpedo submarines, anti-submarine aircraft thiab aircraft muaj. Lub flagship ntawm lub North Hiav txwv Fleet missile cruiser yog xav tau "Potr Veliky". Lub ntsiab hauv paus ntawm lub fleet yog nyob rau hauv Severomorsk, Zaozersk, Gadzhiyevo thiab Ncov qaumteb qabteb.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub nuclear submarine ntawm lub sab qaum teb Fleet

Nyob rau nqe ntaus rog caj npab hauv lub qaum teb Fleet, tsuas yog submarine "Severodvinsk", muaj yim ntau chav nyob ntawm cov niaj hnub sib ntaus los npaj nuclear submarines:

1. TK-208 "Dmitry Donskoy". Qhov no yog ib tug zoo xaiv yaam underwater missile cruiser System 941 "Shark", uas xub tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev sib ntaus los submarine fleet nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj 1982. Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, lub nkoj twb tau coj nyob rau Board of Honor ntawm cov rog thiab cov Ministry ntawm kws muaj txuj ci ntawm lub USSR. Thaum pib ntawm 2015 lub submarine yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev sib ntaus los ntawv.
2. Heavy submarine TK-17 "Arkhangelsk" tsim system 941 "Akula". Lub fleet nkoj nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 1988. Nyob rau hauv 2004, nyob rau lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib cov "thawj tubtxib saum ntuj" mus xyuas Thawj Tswj Hwm V. V. Putin. Rau hnub tim, lub submarine yog nyob rau hauv lub Navy Reserve. Nyob rau hauv 2018 lub Lavxias teb sab Navy npaj rau kev mus pov tseg ntawm ib tug qub tub rog ntawm Lavxias teb sab submarine fleet.
3. "Petrozavodsk" nuclear nkoj. System yog tsim 671RTMK "Pike", coj cov tshuav nyiaj li cas nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 1989. Cov neeg coob ntawm "Petrozavodsk" twb paub li qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub qaum teb Fleet. Ntau khiav ntawm Khob Navy Commander ntawm lub torpedo thiab anti-submarine kev kawm. NS "Petrozavodsk" koom nyob rau hauv lub taij ntawm lub documentary "Lavxias teb sab tob."
4. Lavxias teb sab fleet nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1989 tuaj koom lub submarine "Voronezh" - ib tug peb-lub sij hawm khiav ntawm lub khob ntawm cov Civil Code ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy missile firing ntawm kev kawm npaaj. Tom qab tiav los ntawm ntau yam kev sib ntaus los missions nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze thiab nyob deb hiav txwv ciam teb rau lwm twb tau hais ntau ntau zaus kho. Raws li ntawm 2014 nws yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev sib ntaus los ntawv nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb Fleet.
5. Submarine "Severstal" - lub tswv yim missile cruiser ntawm peb tes num kev loj hlob 941 "Akula". Txij li thaum Lub ob hlis ntuj 1990 yog rau tshwj kom txhob armed Northern Fleet ntawm Russia. Nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj xyoo 2001, lub submarine koom nyob rau hauv kev sib koom patrolling nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm nuclear submarine "Kursk".
6. Nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 1991, lub submarine B-138 "Obninsk" xub tshwm sim raws li ib feem ntawm cov rog. Medalist ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy Commander rau tus nres pab pawg neeg ntawm warships. Thaum lub sij hawm 23 xyoo tau koom tes nyob rau hauv kaum tub rog kev pab cuam. Nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2014 tau launched ib tug cruise missile nyob rau hauv lub Barents hiav txwv.
7. K-410 "Smolensk" (nyob rau hauv lub fleet nrog 14 rau Lub peb hlis ntuj 1991), - tus nuclear submarine project 949A "Antey". Nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1992, nws tau los ua tus khiav ntawm cov Civil Code ntawm Lavxias teb sab Navy rau missile firing ntev ntau. Nyob rau hauv 2014, nws tau koom tes nyob rau hauv tus cawm nkoj "Barents" nyob rau hauv lub dawb Hiav txwv.
8. Nuclear submarine K-266 "Dav dawb hau" 949A "Antey" peb tes num. Nyob rau lub ob hlis ntuj 5, 1993 yog lub underwater txog ntsha mus koom lub Cov Qib ntawm cov rog submarines. Prizewinner ntawm cov rog Commander ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij hluav taws rau maritime hom phiaj. Tug ntawm cov ships rau lub Navy hnub parade nyob rau hauv Severomorsk. Nyob rau lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib cov submarine ua kev kawm cawm pab neeg rau kev kawm kev ua rau nuclear submarine "Kursk". Thaum pib ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 2015 mus rau lub Premier League, "Dav dawb hau" yog ib tug hluav taws cuaj compartment.

Lavxias teb sab submarines - cov kev txaus siab thiab lub hwj chim ntawm lub xeev, lawv yuav tsum tau tsim thiab modernize.