Styrene-butadiene roj hmab: zog thiab daim ntawv thov, cov mis

Styrene-butadiene roj hmab yog suav tias yog ib qho ntawm feem siv kev xaiv ntawm polymeric cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog haum rau qhov siv thiab ua log tsheb thiab lwm yam roj hmab cov khoom uas muaj siab zoo.

Hais tias polymeric khoom yog tsim los ntawm pheej yig raw cov ntaub ntawv, thiab nws cov raug cov txheej txheem yog tias yuav muaj, muaj ib tug meej ib theem zuj zus ntawm kev ua. Nws thiaj li ua styrene-butadiene roj hmab muaj zoo heev ua tau zoo thiab tshuaj cov yam ntxwv. Nws yuav ua nyob rau hauv ntau yam pauv loj nqi thiab yog hais nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus.

Raw cov ntaub ntawv rau ntau lawm

Cia peb xav txog zus tau tej cov styrene-butadiene rubbers. Raws li ib tug raw khoom rau lub polymeric khoom xaiv butadiene-1,3 los yog alpha-methylstyrene. Npaj styrene-butadiene roj hmab los ntawm cov hom kev kawm tshuaj khib los yog emulsion copolymerization. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob hom yog tsim tshuaj khib butadiene-styrene rubbers.

emulsion polymerization

Yuav ua li cas yog tus txais tos ntawm styrene butadiene roj hmab? Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tus txha polymerization ntawm styrene thiab butadiene nyob rau hauv ib tug emulsion. Qhov kawg khoom yog tau raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm no sis, hu ua styrene butadiene roj hmab (FBC).

Tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub domestic roj hmab lag luam ntau lawm nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau embodiments, lub polymer-raws li cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj.

Yuav ua li cas faib styrene-butadiene roj hmab? Manufacturers muaj hauv qab no:

• rubbers uas tsis muaj roj (SCS ZOARK);
• Ntaub ntawv uas muaj ib qho nruab nrab feem pua ntawm cov roj (SCM-ZOLRKM-15);
• nrog ib tug muaj zog npaum li cas ntawm cov roj (SCS ZODRKM-27);
• nrog zoo heev dielectric yam ntxwv (SCS ZOARPD).

Specifics ntawm cov npe

Tus thawj tug lej tom qab nyob rau hauv lub npe qhia rau cov ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm styrene nyob rau hauv thawj zaug xwb, xaiv rau lub polymerization:

• "A" yuav qhov kev siv ntawm tsawg-kub polymerization txheej txheem (tsis muaj ntau tshaj li tsib degrees).
• "M" ntawd hais tias nws muaj roj, tsis tsuas styrene.
• Styrene-butadiene roj hmab nrog tsab ntawv "P" koom ua polymerization tsis muaj tus muaj ib tug regulator.
• "K" qhia rau kev siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua roj hmab rosin emulsifier.
• Cov tsab ntawv "P" nruab nrab yog cov ntaub ntawv uas ua nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub pub muaj roj, khoom cua acids ntsev uas yog cov khoom ntawm ib nrab oxidation ntawm nyeem paraffins.

Yuav ua li cas characterizes lub styrene-butadiene roj hmab? Tau nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub polymerization txheej txheem, uas yog me ntsis txog txawm high school cov tub ntxhais kawm, cov menyuam kawm nyob rau hauv theem nrab tsev kawm ntawv thiab kawm ntawv qib siab.

Yog li, rau ib lub lawm nyob rau hauv kev lag luam ntawm rubbers siv smolonapolnenny styrene-butadiene roj hmab, cov mis uas tsis txawv ntawm cov pa diene hydrocarbon. Thaum rubbers ua raws li nyob rau hauv butadiene-styrene cob, siab kuj mus txhua yam puas, zoo tawv zoo li cov yam ntxwv.

Emulsion polymerization txheej txheem yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb muaj installation. Yuav ua li cas characterizes no styrene-butadiene roj hmab? Mus nws ua li cas los ntawm ib tug ntshiab thiab cov pov thawj technology. Qhov nruab nrab ntev ntawm ib yam tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog 12-15 teev. Tom qab kawm tiav ntawm lub polymerization looj yog tsim, uas muaj kwv yees li 30-35 feem pua ntawm cov polymeric substance. Raws li cov antioxidant yog nkag tau rau hauv cov hnab looj neon D.

Tsim roj hmab los ntawm cov hnab looj los ntawm coagulation electrolytes uas muaj sulfuric acid. Muab hais tias ua raws li emulsifiers thiab roj kanifolevoe xab npum, tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom cua fatty acids, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus coagulation kuj pom tus tsim ntawm fatty acids muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau cov kev yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom tiav.

Los ntawm kev ntxiv sulfuric acid soaps yog hloov mus rau hauv lub dawb organic acid haujlwm latex coagulation thiab tsim ib tug styrene butadiene roj hmab. Daim ntawv thov multifaceted kawg cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv lub hom ntau lawm. Yeej roj hmab yog ib qho raw khoom nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj ua lag luam.

Tus qauv ntawm cov roj hmab

Yuav ua li cas qauv yog styrene-butadiene roj hmab? Lub cev thaj chaw ntawm lub yam khoom uas yog txiav txim los ntawm lub peculiarities ntawm nws cov qauv. Thaum muab cov polymer los ntawm ozotsionirovaniya tsim polymer yog lus qauv. Cov roj hmab monomer units yog across qauv muaj ib tug branched daim ntawv.

Ze li ntawm 80 rau ib xees ntawm cov chav nyob muaj trans configuration, thiab tsuas yog 20 feem pua yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug cis-qauv.

yam ntxwv ntawm

Cia peb tsom xam cov styrene-butadiene roj hmab. Thaj chaw ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw txuam nrog nws cov high molecular ceeb thawj. Nyob rau nruab nrab, nws yog 150 000-400 000 roj puv rubbers A raug technology yuav xaiv cov ntaub ntawv nrog lub siab Performance index ntawm txheeb ze molecular loj. Xws li ib tug xaiv tso cai rau kom tshem tawm cov tej yam tsis zoo ntawm cov roj rau ntawm cov roj hmab zoo, tseg rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm ntawm zoo heev ua yam ntxwv ntawm roj hmab.

Nws yog ua tau rau kom tau kev los ntawm ethylene butadiene-styrene roj hmab, siv cov txheej txheem saw siv activators, emulsifiers, regulators, thiab lwm yam cov thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dhau mus rau hauv lub resulting roj hmab muaj pes tsawg leeg.

pom qhov txawv nta

Tuab lub styrene-butadiene roj hmab. Cov mis ntawm lub substance qhia tau hais tias nws yog resistant rau cov neeg kho tshuab deformations, txhoj puab heev cov kuab tshuaj. Yuav kom txhim kho txias kuj thiab roj hmab elasticity txo nyob rau hauv lub pub nyiaj ntawm styrene. Cov uas ua polymer twb yaj nyob rau hauv roj, thiab uas muaj ntxhiab kuab tshuaj.

Yuav ua li cas lwm tus sawv tawm SBR? Cov khoom thiab cov kev sib raug zoo rau feeb meej acids, ketones, alcohols ruaj khov, dhau li ntawm tus polymer yog zoo heev roj thiab dej permeability. Thaum lub sij hawm cua sov rau cov roj hmab, muaj yeej loj heev yam ntxwv kev hloov uas adversely muaj feem xyuam rau lub cev, thiab txhua yam khoom ntawm cov roj hmab.

Thermal oxidation ntawm kub ntawm 125 ° C ua rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv hardness thiab kev puas tsuaj. Tom ntej oxidation yuav loj structuring polymer muaj feem xyuam rau ib qho kev nce rau hauv nws cov rigidity.

Nta ntawm daim ntawv thov

Yuav kom tsim roj hmab muaj pes tsawg leeg siv yog ib tug styrene butadiene roj hmab. Properties, daim ntawv thov ntawm no sawv cev rau cov chav kawm ntawv diene hydrocarbons nkaus rau nta ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv mis.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub phenyl pawg ntawm lub sab muaj feem xyuam rau ntawm nce kuj mus raug tawg li piv nrog rau lwm hom ntawm cov polymers.

Nyob rau hauv roj hmab compositions uas yog ua raws li nyob rau hauv butadiene-styrene roj hmab, tsis muaj tack, nce shrinkage thaum lub sij hawm calendering thiab extrusion. Qhov no muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem nyob rau kev siv ntawm cov txheej txheem, raws li zoo raws li thaum lub sij hawm ua ke (los ua ke) roj hmab teb.

Nyob rau hauv tsawg-kub roj hmab ua pab, lawv hu ua "kub" rubbers.

ntau yam ntawm rubbers

Mos styrene-butadiene rubbers muaj tsawg tsawg-kub toughness, tiam sis lawv yuav tsis kneaded.

Hard cov pos hniav yog ua nyob rau hauv me me los ntawm subjecting lawv mus thermal oxidative mastication nyob rau hauv cov huab cua nyob rau hauv ib tug kub ntawm txog 1400 ° C los ntawm kev siv activators degradation txheej txheem.

Unfilled tsawg vulcanizing tensile zog. Thaum txo tus nqi ntawm cov bound styrene nyob rau hauv lub polymeric compound yog txo kuj thiab abrasion kuj, tsub kom kuj mus te, muaj zog elasticity.

Sazhenapolnennye (nrog carbon dub), curatives butadiene-styrene rubbers muaj zoo thermal tsis kuj thiab durability, tab sis lawv yog dog dig tsis tau zoo nyob rau hauv elasticity thiab lub deformation kuj pa rubbers. Pab curatives muaj ntxiv kuj mus feeb meej thiab diluted acids, haus dej cawv, alkalis, esters. Cov roj hmab kuab lawv swell.

Tag nrho cov uas ua polymers siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua log tsheb, manufacture ib tug ntau yam uas tsis yog-molded thiab molded cov khoom. Piv txwv li, ntawm butadiene-styrene roj hmab conveyor koj cov menyuam no yog ua los rau cov cav ntoo lawm, ua roj hmab khau. Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog nce tawg kuj cov rubbers yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua roj hmab muaj zoo kuj mus gamma tawg.

Rau zus tau tej cov khoom lwm yam tshaj zog zoo heev yam ntxwv, tus feedstock siv, uas muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus styrene cov ntsiab lus.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov styrene-butadiene rubbers, tshuaj polymerization

Nyob rau hauv lub domestic kev lag luam txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm styrene-butadiene rubbers tshuaj polymerization coj txawv styrene cov ntsiab lus:

• SBR-10.
• SBR-25.
• SBR-18.
• SBR-50.
• 25E-ROSC (muaj enhanced dielectric yam ntxwv).

Ntawm kev muag khoom muaj cov roj hmab, uas muaj xws li microblocks uas muaj ntxhiab styrene, npaj rau cov zauv los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj.

Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj roj puv roj hmab tshuaj polymerization, uas muaj txog li 27% roj. Vim cov tshuaj polymerization nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm organolithium catalysts ua adjustable yooj yim tsis muaj molecular qauv:

• saw branching;
• molecular luj;
• macrostructure.

Lub qhov txawv cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov rubbers yog suav tias yog tseem ceeb xub ntiag ntawm lub polymer (mus txog 98%), qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi ntawm impurities. Lub polymers muaj ib tug linear qauv nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog emulsion styrene-butadiene rubbers.

Polymeric ntaub ntawv tau txais ib tug siab ductility, hnav kuj, txias kuj, nce kuj mus ntes. Nco ntsoov kuj siab dynamic endurance ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Thaum ib tug tsawg dua shrinkage lawv muaj ib tug Mooney viscosity ntau dua txij li thaum lub macromolecule muaj ib tug linear qauv, yuav tsum tau sau nrog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm hmoov quav (carbon dub) thiab cov roj tsis adversely hloov tus neeg kho tshuab thiab lub cev thaj chaw ntawm vulcanizates.

Muaj ib co hauj zoo nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov tshuaj khib roj hmab nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog emulsion xaiv, tab sis ib tug ntau ntau uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv cov kev coj dawb huv ntawm lub monomers siv. Tshuaj polymerization rubbers siv nyob rau hauv lub log kev lag luam, kev tsim muaj zog conveyor koj cov menyuam, cov khau qab xib taws, roj hmab hoses, roj hmab heev heev qhov chaw. Tus yam rau zus tau tej cov polymeric ntaub ntawv ntawm no hom yog suav tias yog styrene thiab 1,3-Buada. Rubbers tau los ntawm cov tshuaj los yog emulsion copolymerization.

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub kev lag luam yog tsis tsuas cov siv thiab ua cov uas tsis yog-muaj roj hmab tshuab, tab sis kuj npaj lawm ntawm polymers uas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm cov cob, cov pa roj carbon dub, roj. Ntawm cov polymeric ntaub ntawv ua ntawm ib feem ntawm styrene butadiene roj hmab nyiaj rau ntau tshaj ib nrab tus lub peev xwm.

Yog vim li cas rau qhov ntsuas no yog lub siab homogeneity ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub manufactured khoom, cov nyob rau ntawm lub starting monomers (styrene thiab butadiene), thiab ib tug tsim cov kab ntau lawm.

Greater loj ntawm styrene butadiene roj hmab nyob rau hauv niaj hnub ntau lawm tau ua los ntawm emulsion copolymerization ntawm styrene thiab butadiene.

Ib suam ntawm roj hmab nyob rau hauv cov qauv

Muab qhov tej yam kev mob ntawm polymerization thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub siv Cheebtsam txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm styrene-butadiene rubbers, uas yog txawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab zog. Pub statistical, lus muab faib rau structural units ntawm styrene thiab butadiene nyob rau hauv lub macromolecule.

Raws li cov kub txo muaj ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub quantitative cov ntsiab lus ntawm tsawg molecular yuag fractions generated roj hmab. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ib tug yuav txo tau ntawm lub yam ntxwv branching, nce nyob rau hauv kev polymer qauv, uas zoo muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev thiab kev khiav hauj lwm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom tiav.

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm domestic ntau lawm ntawm cov khoom cua ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb point yog tsim kom muaj ntau lawm butadiene-styrene ntaub ntawv los ntawm polymerization los ntawm ib tug radical mechanism. Tam sim no, xws ntaub ntawv ntawm kev zoo siab thiab nyob rau ntawm ib tus nqi pheej yig rau tsim nroj tsuag ntawm Krasnoyarsk, Omsk, Togliatti, Sterlitamak, Voronezh.

technology nta

yuav ua li cas ib tug polymer muaj tej yam tsis, Yog hais tias qhov kev kawm. Piv txwv li, nrog ib tug muab nruab nrab molecular yuag uas yog tswj raws li ib tug polymerization los ntawm kev ntxiv regulators muaj peev xwm ntawm pib lub saw kis tau tus mob. Raws li cov ntau cov ntsiab lus regulators cai txo nyob rau hauv molecular ceeb thawj ntawm lub polymer.

Yuav ua li cas tej zaum yuav ntshai li emulsifiers, haum rau zus tau tej cov ruaj khov emulsions ntawm lub monomers, thiab yuav tsim kawg khoom ntawm polymerization, lub latices? Lub ntsiab tshuaj Cheebtsam xam tau tias yog poov tshuaj los yog sodium ntsev ntawm fatty hluavtaws carboxylic acids, hydrogenated rosin thiab ntsev alkisulfonatov.

Thaum xaiv rosin nws yog thawj raug mus rau ib tug tshwj xeeb kev kho mob. Nyob rau hauv lub disproportionation txheej txheem thaum tus catalyst (palladium), nws acquires cov khoom yuav tsum tau rau hauv tus txheej txheem saw rubbers.

ntau lawm Spefitsika

Rau copolymerization siv roj teeb polymerizer. Nyob rau hauv kev npaj cov muab yog tov thiab pre-lim qhuav styrene, butadiene, lub hnyav (tej zaum nws yuav tsum yog ib tug cyclohexane) nyob rau hauv ib qho ratio ntawm 5/1. Ntxiv Cheebtsam ntawm thawj zaug feedstock yog noj mus rau hauv tus tov khoom orifices kom zoo nws. Cov sib tov twb ces ncaj qha mus rau ib tug zoo tshuaj purification ntawm ntau yam me me impurities.

Lub apparatus ua hauj lwm pab organolithium tebchaw titer ntawm 25 ° C rau 20 feeb. Lub degree ntawm purification yog txiav txim los ntawm cov xim sib tov. Yog hais tias tsis muaj impurities, los ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm me ntsis xim av xim. Ua ntej yuav polymerization, lub batch yog tov nrog rau cov catalyst, ncov qaumteb qabteb additives.

Cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib lub roj teeb, uas muaj peb txuj apparatus, los ntawm successively pub tus nqi. Qhov kub hauv lub polymerizer yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub chav los ntawm 50 mus rau 80 ° C. Qhov nruab nrab ntev ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj txheej txheem yog 6 teev.

xaus

Nyob rau hauv txhua txhua kheej ntawm lub neej thiab kev ua si ntawm cov neeg raws li raws sij hawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv styrene-butadiene roj hmab. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, peb nco ntsoov lub creation ntawm roj hmab khau qab xib taws, automotive roj hmab log tsheb, ib tug ntau yam ntawm vaj teb hose.

Lub random copolymers ntawm styrene thiab butadiene yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm hluav taws xob insulating cov ntaub ntawv, ntau yam khoom rau cov automotive kev lag luam, nrog rau cov creation ntawm high-zoo log tsheb. Lub yees uas siv advanced producers ntawm styrene-butadiene rubbers, tso cai rau lawv mus tsim ib cov khoom uas muaj kev kawm lub cev thiab tshuaj tsis, yam ua tau zoo yam ntxwv.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv thov no nco zus tau tej cov zoo catalysts. Nyob rau cov qauv ntawm cov tsim rubbers ho txawv cov txheej txheem lub sij hawm ntawm lawv cov creation thiab qhov kawg tus nqi ntawm manufactured khoom raws li roj hmab roj hmab.