Sailing hlab ntsha, lawv hom thiab cov yam ntxwv. Sailboats. yees duab

Lub earliest sailing cov hlab ntsha (yuav tsum tau piav nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm) ntau tshaj li peb txhiab xyoo dhau los nyob rau hauv Egypt, thiab yog ib tug pa phuaj ncaj mast thiab kauj duav nquam nkoj. Ib me ntsis tom qab, ntau tshaj cov qauv yuav tau ua lub Phoenicians. Rau lawv siv, lawv siv ntoo Lebanese cedar thiab ntoo qhib. Lub Phoenician ports twb Shipyards, uas ua coj mus muag ib leeg-masted nkoj thiab ntau nruab warships. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub V nyob rau hauv. BC. e. Navy twb muaj lub ancient Greeks thiab Loos. Txawm li cas los, loj sailing hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kuj zoo kawg thaj discoveries. Nws yog ces cov haib tshaj European powers nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshiab zos pib equip naval flotilla mus tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv, tab sis kuj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Yog li pib lub ntsim tawm tsam rau supremacy nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv, uas pab rau lub active kev loj hlob ntawm lub shipbuilding kev lag luam.

Sailing hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub

Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, thaum tsov rog fleet nruab nrog mus txog rau lub thawj technology haib ships, sailing qauv pib yuav tsum tau siv feem ntau rau kev lom zem. Feem ntau ntawm cov niaj hnub sailing Yachts li. Nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab America, qhov twg muaj kev ua si yacht clubs, cov kev ua si regattas yog muaj nyob rau txhua xyoo. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nyob rau hauv tej txheej xwm kawm los ntawm sailing yachts.

Regatta - ib tug contest ntawm dej sailing los yog rowing hlab ntsha.

Feeb ntau, cov kev sib tw yog muaj nyob rau hauv America thiab hais. Ib txhia ntawm cov regatta yog cov coob thoob ntiaj teb kev sib tw, xws li. "America tus khob".

Classification Sailboats txiav txim nyob ntawm lub specifications thiab Tooling. Hauv qab no yog lub ntsiab hom ntau ntau yam Sailboats.

Classification los ntawm hom ntawm sails

• Ships nrog square sails.

• Ships nrog lateen sails.

Square sail twb siv los ntawm lub ancient Egyptians thiab Phoenicians. Nws yog ib tug canvas raws li ib tug trapezium, yog txuas mus rau lub kab rov tav pgg. Ships nrog square sails mus zoo nrog cov cua, yog li lawv zoo nkauj sai sai hloov nyob rau hauv lub tsev hais plaub nrog slanting sails.

Oblique sail yog nyob rau ntawm lub rear sab ntawm lub mast, uas nws yog txuas nws pem hauv ntej ntug. Hlab ntsha nrog slanting sails txig mus kev zoo li ib tug ncaj ncees cua, thiab cua ntawm ib tug ntse npaum li cas. Slanting sails, nyob rau hauv lem, muab faib mus rau hauv:

• Latin.

• Spritsail.

• jibs.

Classification los ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm Masts

• ib leeg-masted sailing yacht.

• ob-masted yacht.

• Mnogomachtovye yacht.

Mast - yog ib feem ntawm lub rig. Nws yog ib tug ntsug qauv ntawm lub nkoj, uas yog feem ntau txaus siab rau siv tshwj xeeb ncab. Mast kev qhia mas los ntawm softwood.

Masts nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub

Nyob rau hauv loj niaj hnub ships uas tsis muaj ib tug sailing khoom, ntauwd poob nws thawj muaj nuj nqi thiab yog siv rau lwm yam hom phiaj:

• Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav raug lub teb chaws cwj pwm ntawm lawv lub teb chaws (tus chij thiab lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab).

• Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav raug cim nyob rau tam sim raws li txoj cai ntawm cov hlab (cais aboard ib tug tua hluav taws rau lub rooj tsavxwm, ib tug xyaum, thiab hais txog. D.).

• Yuav kom muab sib txawv teeb pom kev zoo ntawm tej yam tshwm sim.

• Rau nruab ib co suab taw kiag li lawm.

• Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav them tribute mus rau lub xeev nyob rau hauv uas nws dej nyob rau ntawm no point yog lub nkoj. Mounted rau lub mast lub teb chaws tus chij ntawm lub teb chaws.

• Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug txiv neej tuag lawm on board, nyob rau hauv ib tug kos npe rau ntawm kev quaj ntsuag thiab ib tug tribute rau nws nco txo ib tug me ntsis kev hwm rau lub teb chaws tus chij.

hom Masts

• foremast. Qhov no yog thawj mast, suav los ntawm tus hneev ntawm lub nkoj.

• mainmast. Nws yog tus thib ob lub sij hawm no hom ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm lub nkoj lub qhov ntswg. Thaum ob-peb-masted hlab ntsha thiab nws yog tseem heev.

• Mizzen-mast. Lub aft mast, uas nyob rau ntawm tej nkoj yog qhov tseeb los ntawm lub qhov ntswg.

Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm cov dej thauj yog muaj?

Classification los ntawm hom ntawm hull sailing:

• Ntoo.

• Hnab Yas.

• hlau.

Ib suam ntawm sailing ships nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm tus neeg mob:

• Tib hull

• muab ob npaug rau-hulled (sailing catamaran)

• peb-ib feem (sailing trimaran).

Thaum kawg, cov kev faib ntawm sailing ships, nyob ntawm seb cov kev siv ntawm cov keel:

• Keel cov nkoj (rau tej ships siv hnyav keel, nws muaj peev xwm txo tau cov hlab drift thiab txo qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus).

• dinghy (rau tej nkoj nquam teem tshwj xeeb daggerboard, yog tias tsim nyog, nws tseem tau mus tsa thiab txo cov cua ntsawj ntshab ntawm cov hlab).

• Yacht-nruab nrab (uas lawv siv lub intermediate designs ntawm lub dinghy thiab keel designs).

Ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov hlab ntsha

Nws yuav tsum sau cov npe ntawm sailing ships.

AAK - ib tug me me ib-masted txog ntsha nrog ib tug ca hauv qab, tsim los nqa me me loads.

Tawv - yog ib tug loj lub nkoj, muaj los ntawm peb mus rau tsib Masts. Lub nkoj qab thus yog feem ntau nruab nrog ib tug square sail, tsuas ib tug nyob rau lub aft mast slanting tsau.

Barquentine - Tubrog nkoj peb-pyatimachtovy sailboat. Feem ntau ntawm cov yees yog nruab nrog oblique sails. Tsuas yog lub qhov ntswg qauv muaj ib tug square sail.

Brig - ob-masted nkoj muaj direct rig rau ntawm lub ntsiab mast thiab jib thiab lub mast slanting Spritsail rau lub mainsail.

Brigantine - yooj yim ob-masted txog ntsha nrog slanting sails nyob rau mainmast thiab square sails nyob rau foremast, hom rig yog hu ua mixed.

Galleon - mnogopalubnoe loj hiav txwv-mus txog ntsha nrog ib tug haib artillery riam phom. Galleons destined rau ntev Voyages thiab battles. Cov kev caij nkoj ships heev ceev nyob rau hauv ib tug maneuverable thiab ua los lub ib thooj ntawm cov lus Mev thiab lus cov lus Askiv fleet.

Junk - ib tug ntoo ob-plaub-masted txog ntsha, uas yog siv mas nyob hauv cov teb chaws Asia thiab destined rau dej los yog nqaum hiav txwv freight.

IOL - brig muaj oblique sails thiab mast aft txoj hauj lwm qab lub kauj axis.

Caravel - peb-plaub-masted seagoing txog ntsha nrog ib tug tov rig tsim rau hiav txwv Voyages thiab tseem ceeb freight tsheb.

Galera - thiaj hu ua yuav luag tag nrho cov sailing-rowing tej nkoj nquam, lawv tau siv nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub rig, muaj ib los yog ob tug rowing uake.

Karakka - ib tug loj peb-masted nkoj siv rau coj mus muag thiab cov tub rog lub hom phiaj. Lub nkoj yuav muaj mus txog peb decks thiab muaj ib tug impressive cannon riam phom.

KECh - ib tug me me ob-masted nkoj. Txawv kev kho ntawm lub aft mast pem hauv ntej log axis.

Frigate - tub rog trehmachtovik muaj tag nrho cov rig. Classic frigate yog tsim nyob rau hauv Fabkis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-xyoo pua thiab yog ib qho yooj yim maneuverable nkoj nrog zoo caj npab.

Flutes - zoo hiav txwv sailing nkoj tsim rau cov tub rog thauj hom phiaj. Vim lub fact tias qhov ntev ntawm lub nkoj yog ob peb lub sij hawm ntau tshaj li nws dav, flutes yuav taug kev zoo nkauj nyob ze rau qhov cua, thiab nws muab nws ib tug tseem ceeb kom zoo dua li lwm yam, tsawg maneuverable hlab ntsha.

Sloop - tub rog peb-masted nkoj sailing nyob rau hauv lub sails ncaj. Nws siv raws li ib tug Sentinel dlaim thiab ib lub tsheb.

Schooner - yooj yim sailing nkoj, uas muaj ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm ob tug Masts nrog slanting sails. Schooner yog heev yooj yim rau kev tswj. Lawv mas siv rau ntau yam uas coj mus muag tsheb.

yacht

Chiv sailing yacht yog ib tug ceev ceev thiab lub teeb hlab ntsha siv rau cov thauj ntawm high-qeb duas cov neeg. Tom qab, lub yacht pib mus rau npe rau tej lub cev muaj zog-sailing, lub cev muaj zog los yog ib tug sailing txog ntsha, npaj rau neeg mus ncig tebchaws los yog ntaus pob ncaws pob hom phiaj.

Tus thawj yachts sawv nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua. Lawv ceev txaus thiab nyiam, yog vim li cas nplua nuj neeg xav no hom ntawm maritime thauj. Niaj hnub nimno sailing nkoj yog outboard motor, uas ua rau nws yooj yim mus maneuver nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj thiab sail ntawm ib tug qeeb ceev, txawm thaum lub sij hawm ib tug tag nrho cov twj ywm. Lawv muab faib ua cruising (on board muaj cabins), Library thiab sib xeem khiav.

Yuav nyob rau hauv lub khw muag khoom

Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau yam historic Sailboats nyob ua ib ke thiab tseem nyob rau tsuas yog nyob rau cov nplooj ntawv ntawm taug txuj kev nyuaj novels thiab cov duab nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv Magazine thiab cov phau ntawv. Tab sis nws tsis yog muaj nqis npaum li cas chim. Nyob rau hauv lub khw koj yuav tau ua qauv ntawm sailing ships tsim rau thematic décor. Tseem muaj tshwj xeeb cov khoom siv thiab manuals rau lub rooj sib txoos ntawm sailing ships nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias sau nkoj ua qauv - qhov no yog ib tug heev entertaining hobby, muaj zog nyob rau hauv Russia.

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws thiab legendary sailing ships, cov duab thiab cov qauv uas yog nrov:

Tawv "endeavor" - qhov no nto moo nkoj ntawm James ua noj, nyob rau hauv uas nws caij nkoj mus rau tus tsis paub thaum lub shores ntawm teb chaws Australia thiab New Zealand.

"Neva" thiab "Cia Siab" - ob sloops rau thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm rau circumnavigate lub ntiaj teb.

"Tub huabtais" - kawm lus Askiv frigate uas poob nyob rau hauv 1854 nyob rau hauv lub Dub hiav txwv tom qab ib tug catastrophic cua daj cua dub. Koob meej yog vim xaiv ntawm sunken cov khoom muaj nqis, uas nws nqa.

"Meri Rouz" - lub flagship cov tub rog English King Henry lub Yim, uas tragically sank nyob rau hauv 1545.

«Great koom pheej» - lub biggest clipper ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo, uas tau ua los ntawm tus naas ej shipbuilder Donald McKay.

"Ariel" - British clipper, ua nto moo los ntawm lub fact tias nyob rau hauv 1866 yeej tus naas ej "tshuaj yej haiv neeg" los ntawm Tuam Tshoj los London.

"Taug txuj kev nyuaj" - ib lub nkoj ntawm ib qho ntawm lub nto moo tshaj plaws pirates - Tus tauj ncov loj William Kidd.

xaus

Lub era ntawm sailing ships yog ib tug tiag tiag lub sij hawm rau taug txuj kev nyuaj thiab romance. Sailing ships koom nyob rau hauv ntau naval battles, sailed rau uncharted shores thiab thauj priceless treasures, uas yog txuam nrog ib tug zoo kawg tooj ntawm legends. Ships ntawm no hom rau rau siab ua ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov zajlus tej hauj lwm. Raws li keeb kwm cov txheej xwm thiab mystical dab neeg uas caij nkoj ua qauv yees duab ntau nto moo taug txuj kev nyuaj films.