Rasul Gamzatov: biography, muaj tswv yim, tsev neeg, cov duab, thiab quotes

Paub Avar kws sau paj lug ntawm lub Soviet lub sij hawm, Rasul Gamzatov yug nyob rau hauv 1923, Cuaj hlis 8, nyob rau hauv Tsada (lub zos no nyob rau hauv lub koog tsev kawm ntawv Khunzakh Dagestan ASSR). Nws txiv, Gamzat Tsadasa yog lub teb chaws kws sau paj lug ntawm nws cov haiv neeg koom pheej, laureate ntawm lub xeev nqi zog ntawm lub Soviet Union, thiab nws niam - Handulay Gaydarbekgadzhievna Gamzatov (1888-1965) - yog ib tug yooj yim Asian poj niam, ua noj hauv tsev.

Lub tsev kawm ntawv hnub

Zoo li tag nrho cov Soviet cov me nyuam, uas muaj hnub nyoog 7 xyoo, piv txwv li nyob rau hauv 1930, Rasul Gamzatov mus kawm nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab Araninska yog heev siab, ntse thiab inquisitive me nyuam kawm ntawv. Nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam mloog cov dab neeg ntawm nws tus txiv hais txog lub npe nrov hero Shamil, uas, tom qab tau txais yim raug mob los ntawm lub plawv, txuas ntxiv mus sib ntaus sib tua. Nws muaj peev xwm nrog ib tug mob stroke ntawm nws rab ntaj txiav lub caij nrog tus nees los ntawm lub taub hau rau cov ntiv taw. Dhau li ntawd, Rasul spellbound mloog zaj dab neeg ntawm lub siab tawv Naib Hadji Murad. Tom qab ntawd nws txhais zaj paj huam Lva Tolstogo txog qhov no hero nyob rau hauv nws cov haiv neeg lus. Lwm yam nyiam cim ntawm lub kws sau paj lug twb legendary Hochbar thiab chohsky zoo nraug Kamal Bashir. Tag nrho cov no vim hais tias cov haiv neeg Rasula Gamzatova - Avar, thiab nws xav nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov dab neeg uas yog hais txog lub heroic dhau los ntawm nws cov neeg. Nws kuj hlub mloog cov lus ntawm zaj nkauj ntawm cov legendary singer Mahmoud hlub. Hais txog lub keeb kwm ntawm nws cov neeg nws paub los ntawm cov dab neeg. Thiab me ntsis Rasul nyiam mloog kwv huam sau los ntawm nws tus txiv. Tsis ntev, nws kawm tau los ntawm lub plawv.

Rasul Gamzatov. Tom qab: thawj kauj ruam raws li kws sau paj lug

Thaum nws yog ib 9 xyoo, nws sau nws thawj thawj kwv huam. Txij hnub ntawd los rau ib tug kab los ntawm nws cwj mem ntws raws li los ntawm ib tug cornucopia. Lawv nyob ntawm nws tus kheej lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm classmate cov phooj ywg, cov xib fwb, thiab hais txog. D. Los ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm 13 (thaum Rasul Gamzatov cia li tsiv mus rau hauv qib xya) nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov Avar ntawv xov xwm, namely nyob rau hauv lub "Bolshevik roob", luam tawm ib tug ntawm nws cov kwv huam. Nto moo txawj sau ntawv Rajab Dinmagomaev, lub teb chaws Gamzatov sau tau ib cov honorable mention rau cov khoom no. Tom qab ntawd Rasul thiab ces luam tawm nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv Khunzakh cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv Buynakskovskoy zos ntawv xov xwm, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws txhua lub limtiam ntawv xov xwm "Bolshevik roob." Raws li ib tug tub hluas tus kheej lub npe menyuam yaus tsis yog, ces nws kos npe muaj tswv yim lub npe ntawm nws txiv - Tsadasa. Tab sis muaj ib hnub ib tug grey mountaineer tsom nws kuv surprise ntawm qhov kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm nws tus txiv. Thiab nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis mus yuav tsis meej pem nrog Tsadasa, nws coj li ib tug alias lub npe ntawm nws txwv zeej txwv koob. Tam sim no nws yog ib tug hluas Avar kws sau paj lug uas ris lub npe ntawm Rasul Gamzatov.

cov tub ntxhais hluas

Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo high school chav kawm ntawv 8 yav tom ntej nto moo kws sau paj lug tau sau ntawv cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv Avar Xib Fwb Kev Cob Qhia College nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Buynaksk. Tom qab 2 xyoos, nws yog tus kws qhia ntawv rov qab mus rau nws haiv neeg lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tom qab ib co sij hawm nws tuaj koom lub Avar State Theatre raws li ib qho kev pab thawj coj thiab ces lub taub hau ntawm lub tuam tsev nyob Dagestan ntawv xov xwm "Bolshevik roob", uas kuj tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug correspondent. Ces txoj hmoo coj nws mus rau Dagestan xov tooj cua, thiab rau ib txhia lub sij hawm nws yog editor ntawm cov kis.

Moscow

Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II, nyob rau hauv uas nws poob nws tus tij laug, Rasul Gamzatov tsiv mus rau Moscow kawm nyob rau Moscow Literary lub koom haum rau lawv. Gorky. Tau sim hawm caij nyoog kom nws coj cov kauj ruam no Lak kws sau paj lug Effendi Kapiev, uas tau hnov txog nws cov kwv huam muaj tau txhais ua Lavxias teb sab lus, kuv twb fascinated los ntawm cov txuj ci ntawm cov tub ntxhais Avar. Los ntawm txoj kev, ua ntej tsiv mus Moscow, tus tub hluas yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Writers 'Union. Gamzatov paub nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntau tshaj li txaus rau kev nkag mus rau hauv lub Literary lub koom haum, tab sis tus thawj coj, Fedoru Vasilevichu Gladkovu, li ntawd, nyiam cov translations ntawm nws cov kwv huam, nws tsis quav ntsej li cov yuam kev ua los ntawm cov tub hluas nyob rau hauv lub hais, sau nws nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm txais cov tub ntxhais kawm. Tej zaum nws muaj ib tug kev paub ua ntej hais tias nws ntsib ib tug yav tom ntej nto moo kws sau paj lug, tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev lub teb chaws. Tseeb, xyoo tom qab twb tag nrho cov thoob lub Soviet Union peb paub uas Rasul Gamzatov. Nws biography yog lub sij hawm no cim pib ntawm nws cov hauj lwm txoj kev raws li ib tug txawj daim duab ntawm lub Soviet Union.

Kawm nyob rau hauv lub koom haum. Gorky

Ntawm no yog nyob rau hauv lub koom haum, cov tub ntxhais Avar sab ntau yam tshiab. Paj Huam tau qhia rau nws nyob rau hauv ib lub teeb tshiab. Ntau thiab ntau cov paub nrog tus ua hauj lwm ntawm ntau yam Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws sau phau ntawv, txhua lub sij hawm nws poob rau hauv kev hlub nyob rau hauv ib tug, ces nyob rau hauv lwm. Ntawm nws cov favorites yog cov Thaiv, Yesenin, Bagritsky, Mayakovsky, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, Pushkin, Nekrasov, Lermontov, thiab txawv teb chaws rau nws heev ze rau tej hauj lwm ntawm Heine. Nyob rau hauv 1950, kws sau paj lug Rasul Gamzatov kawm tiav. Tom qab ntawd, nws hais tias Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv tau ua ib tug indelible tswv yim rau nws thiab nws ua hauj lwm.

Kev ua si thiab lub xeev khoom plig

Tom qab Rasul Gamzatov kawm tiav nyob rau hauv lub Moscow kev sau ntawv thiab xa rov qab mus nws cov haiv neeg Dagestan, nws tau raug xaiv los tswj ntawm lub Union ntawm Writers ntawm lub autonomous koom pheej. Ib tug ncej nws muaj raws li muaj ntau yam raws li hnub nyoog 53 xyoos, kom txog rau thaum nws tuag nyob rau hauv 2003. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tau raug xaiv los thawj deputy thiab ces deputy tus tswj ntawm lub Supreme Soviet ntawm lub Dagestan Autonomous Soviet koom pheej, zoo, tom qab ntawd tus Thawj Tub Ceev-Union scale. Nws kuj yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub editorial boards xws li prestigious ntawv raws li "Lub ntiaj teb tshiab" thiab "Friendship ntawm Haiv neeg" (cov phau ntawv Magazine), "Lavxias teb sab Literature" thiab "Literary Gazette" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Rasul Gamzatov lub neej yog nplua nuj heev: nws lossi tsiv los ntawm Dagestan rau Moscow, ib tug ntau ntawm mus ncig teb chaws, raws li kev kiv cua ntawm nws lub peev xwm, tiam sis feem ntau cov tseem ceeb - nws yeej ib txwm muaj cov xim thiab kev kho mob ntawm lub xeev. Nws yuav hu ua lub darling ntawm hmoov zoo. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo hauv lub xeev tau conferred lub feemxyuam neeg ntawm kos duab thiab ntau yam nyiaj tshwj xeeb yog muab tsub rau medals thiab kev txiav txim. Gamzatov yog ib tug tub rog ntawm lub Orders ntawm Lenin (plaub zaug), "Lub kaum hli ntuj kiv puag ncig", "Friendship ntawm Haiv neeg", thiab lwm tus neeg. Ua ntej nws tuag nyob rau hauv 2003 nws yog tus thawj tswj hwm Vladimir Putin tau txais qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Rasul Gamzatov - kws sau paj lug

Thaum tseem muaj ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau lub koom haum luam tawm thawj sau los ntawm cov kwv huam ntawm tus naas ej Avar kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab. Tom qab hais tias nws twb pauv mus rau cov lus ntawm lwm haiv neeg ntawm lub USSR. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug yog: "Peb Roob", "Kuv Av", "xyoo ntawm kuv yug," "Tus taleas ntawm cov laus tus kwv tij," "teb koj chaw Highlander", "Nyob rau hauv lub roob ntawm kuv lub plawv", "Dagestan Caij nplooj ntoos hlav", "3arema" (1963 ) "thiab lub hnub qub nrog lub hnub qub hais tias," "qhov thib peb teev", "Cranes", "Island ntawm poj niam", "kuv Dagestan", "txiav txim rau kuv los ntawm lub Code ntawm kev hlub", "Highlander Constitution" thiab lwm tus neeg. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm cov collections sam xeeb nrog ib lub xeev nqi zog. Piv txwv li, rau qhov "Xyoo ntawm kuv yug," cov kws sau paj lug Rasul Gamzatov twb muab tsub lub State nqi zog ntawm cov USSR, thiab rau lub "High Star" - lub Lenin nqi zog.

Sage!

Nws yog hais tias lub roob ua rau cov neeg tshwj xeeb. Tej zaum nws yog ib qhov sib thooj rau Vajtswv? Sib cais los ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, nyob deb ntawm kev vam meej, cov sages nyob rau hauv toj siab. Los ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm Rasul Gamzatov los ntawm nws kev xav tsuas breathtaking! Lawv muaj ib qho zoo kawg tooj ntawm cov paub qab hau sayings. Ntawm no, tus kws txiav txim: "Hwjchim ci ntsa iab, tsis txhob, tsis txhob kov nyob, ... txawm tus muaj zog tshaj thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm koj tua." Nws yog amazing li cas npaum li cas qhov tob nyob rau hauv no ib tug kab! Tab sis nws yog kev zoo siab: "Kev zoo siab yog tsis ib yam dab tsi uas yog nws tus kheej-los txog thaum nws tsis yog nrhiav kev zoo siab - lub nroog tawg nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua los yog rebuilt los ntawm lub ashes."

Rasul zaj nkauj Gamzatov

Muaj ntau nqe Avar kws sau paj lug tau sau cov suab paj nruag. Cov nkauj ua los ntawm xws li nto moo hu nkauj zoo li lub legendary Anna German, ntiaj teb nto moo Galina Vishnevskaya, Iosif Kobzon, Muslim Magomayev, Valery Leontiev, Sophia Rotaru, Vakhtang Kikabidze thiab lwm tus neeg.

Tsev Neeg Rasul Gamzatov

Great Avar txawj sau ntawv tag nrho kuv lub neej pe hawm nws niam nws txiv. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, kuv tus txiv yuav lub siab tshaj plaws txoj cai rau nws, tab sis mus rau nws niam nws muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb kev hlub. Gen. poj niam roob yog tsis yog li ntawd ib qho yooj yim, li ntawd, nws tus cwj pwm mus rau nws yog dawb siab zoo. Ntawm no yog ib tug quote los ntawm ib qho ntawm nws tej hauj lwm: "kuv hais rau: saib xyuas leej niam me nyuam hauv lub ntiaj teb, saib xyuas ntawm tus niam.". Nws yog raws li kev sib fwm rau nws tus poj niam. Cov kws sau paj lug muaj ib tug es loj tsev neeg. Thiab raws li yog ib txoj kev cai nyob rau hauv txhua txhua Neeg Esxias tsev neeg, nws twb ncig los ntawm cov xim, reverence thiab kev kho mob ntawm nws tsev neeg. Tus poj niam Rasul Gamzatov Patimat ris nws peb tug ntxhais. Txais nws muaj tsis tau. Thiab tus ntxhais muab nws ntau cov xeeb ntxwv thiab tsis muaj ib tug xeeb ntxwv. Tej zaum qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nws twb yeej muaj nyob puag ncig ntawm cov poj niam, nws tus cwj pwm mus rau qhov weaker nrog txiv neej pw yog li ntawd kev txhawj xeeb. Nws heev npaum li cas saib lawv zoo nkauj, rhiab. Ntawm no yog cov kab uas nws tau mob siab rau leej niam: "Xyoo, koj muaj tsis muaj tswj tus poj niam - thiab, ntawm chav kawm, nws yog tsis muaj daim card rau tag nrho cov niam cov me nyuam yog zoo, thiaj li tsis muaj dab tuag poj niam.!"

nco

Great Avar kws sau paj lug tuag nyob rau hauv 2003 thaum muaj hnub nyoog 80. Txawm tias thaum nws lub neej, nws tau immortalized nws tus kheej los ntawm nws zoo kawg nkaus tej hauj lwm. Lavxias teb sab thiab Dagestani tsoom fwv tau hais ntau ntau zaus ua kev txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub cim rau yawm Avars rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Dagestan (nyob qhov twg ntsia tau rau hauv ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm monuments Gamzatov Rasul), thiab thoob plaws Russia. Nyob rau hauv 2013, nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm Vladimir Putin thiab tus kav nroog ntawm Moscow nyob rau hauv lub capital twb inaugurated ib tug memorial rau cov poj poet.