Puav-cov ntaub ntawv hais kom ua (Qhov rai)

Thaum ua hauj lwm rau ib lub computer yog feem ntau tsim nyog los rov hais dua cov tib DOS-commands ua tseg executable txiav txim, qhov kev siv ntawm lub complex thiab multi-layered ib theem zuj zus ntawm executable cov lus qhia los yog daim ntaub ntawv, automation ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nrog daim ntawv sau npe thiab cov ntaub ntawv, los yog cov neeg siv yog tam sim ntawd. Cov kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system muaj lub peev xwm los sau ntau yam commands nyob rau hauv ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cia li los khiav lub batch ntaub ntawv (feem ntau hu ua ib tsab ntawv, los yog tsuas yog "batch ntaub ntawv"), nws tseem tau mus nqa tawm lub tiav commands tshuaj, thiab sau npe rau nws nyob rau hauv tus txheej xwm ntawm lub qhov rais Schedule, koj yuav automate txheej txheem no.

Lub peculiarity ntawm no hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog ib tug tsis muaj nyob rau hauv tej code - tsuas yog muaj tib lub moos ntaub ntawv, uas nyeem thiab executes lub DOS hais kom ua-processor uas yog tsis tau tshaj yuav luag tag nrho cov versions ntawm lub qhov rais operating system. Ib tug piv txwv yog lub autoexec.bat cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog yuav tsum tau khiav no operating system, raws li nws yog nws leej twg nqa tawm nws chaw ntawm startup.

Ntsiab nta ntawm batch ntaub ntawv

Teams uas muaj xws li ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv functionality tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob peb pab neeg: cov

- npaj mus tso saib ib tug tej yam muaj nuj nqis, cov nqe lus, daim ntawv thov los yog ntaub ntawv;
- rau khiav batch ntawm cov ntaub ntawv;
- mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov mus;
- mus ua tau ib lub tua ntawm branching siv cov tej yam kev mob;
- mus ua hauj lwm nrog cov ntawv.

Tiav uas hais kom ua cov ntaub ntawv

Khiav puav cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Thaum ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug hais kom sai li sai tau nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no directory, koj muaj peev xwm tsuas sau cov ntaub ntawv npe nrog ntxiv tsis los yog tsis muaj lawv. Thaum zoo li no puav ntaub ntawv txib tom qab lub community launch yuav tsum tau ua ib tug tom qab lwm yam, tsis muaj tus neeg siv kev pab.

Yog hais tias koj nrhiav tau ib tug batch ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lwm directory, koj yuav tsum nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau tag nrho lub npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau npe rau tag nrho cov kev mus rau lub cia directory. Cov ntaub ntawv extension yog tseem tau tsis txhob muab. Piv txwv li, tam sim no directory yog d: \ yees duab \ ua hauj lwm, thiab ib tug batch ntaub ntawv vera.bat, uas yuav tsum tau ua rau cov tsis thiab resize.doc / p, yog nyob rau hauv lub d: \ yees duab \ tsev. Ces, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav nqa tawm lub community launch ntawm peb cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav tsum mus sau npe rau qhov hais kom ua d: \ yees duab \ tsev \ vera resize.doc / p hais kom ua los .. \ tsev \ vera resize.doc / p.

interrupting

Tua tom qab lub community launch txog puav cov ntaub ntawv hais kom ua, koj muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ua ke + thiab + . Cov zaub yuav nug koj kom koj cuam tshuam tua ntawm ib tug hais kom ua ntaub ntawv thov nrog rau cov kev thov, yuav tsum nkag mus rau Yes los yog No. Yog hais tias koj nkag mus rau Y, ces tus tiav yog tu ncua, thiab cov seem ntawm daim ntawv teev cov pawg puav cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tsis quav ntsej li. Yog hais tias koj nkag mus rau lub cim N, tus tso kev tseem nrog cov tom ntej no hais kom ua los ntawm daim ntawv.

Hu rau lwm batch ntaub ntawv

Puav-cov ntaub ntawv yuav muaj ua tim khawv rau lub tua ntawm lwm scripts. Yog hais tias koj cia li mus sau npe nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm tsab ntawv ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv, qhov hais kom ua tom qab nws twb yuav tsis tsum tau tua, txij li thaum cov kev tswj yog pauv mus rau lwm batch ntaub ntawv, thiab yuav tau sau hais kom ua twb tawm ntawm nws. Yog hais tias koj xav rov qab mus tom qab pib ntawm lub sab hauv cov ntaub ntawv, nws yuav ua rau lub HU hais kom ua. Qhov hais kom ua hom ntawv yog raws li nram no: HU lub npe-puav-cov ntaub ntawv [Tua tawm Options].

Cov tsis uas yog kis mus rau cov hu ua hais kom ua cov ntaub ntawv (s) yog feem ntau cov cim 1% - 9%. Thaum lub puav cov ntaub ntawv hais kom ua, tag nrho cov series yog tiav, ntxiv rau tua ntawm cov thawj tsab ntawv nrog rau cov nram qab no kab.

stepping

Muaj mob thaum lub puav cov ntaub ntawv hais kom ua, koj yuav tsum tau ua cov kauj ruam (nrog rau ib tug nres tom qab txhua kab). Feem ntau cov feem ntau, qhov no hom yuav tsum tau rau kev soj ntsuam los yog debugging scripts. Sau ntawv hais kom ua zoo li no: HAIS KOM / y / c npe _skripta [xaiv].

Thaum khiav rau txhua pab neeg no yuav tsum tau muab rau Y los yog N. Yog hais tias koj xav thov kom tus hais kom ua - nias sau tseem ceeb los yog Y. Yog hais tias koj xav mus hla lub pab - Ntaus ESC los yog N.

Disabling thiab enabling qhov hais kom ua tso zis rau lub screen

Thaum koj pib ib lub puav cov ntaub ntawv, qhov hais kom ua kab los ntawm kab ua ntej tiav yog tso tawm kom pom ntawm qhov screen, thiab ces tua pov tseg. Tej zaum qhov no ua rau txaav, txij li thaum ib tug loj batch ntaub ntawv commands khiav los ntawm ib tug ntev daim ntawv teev rau cov neeg siv ntawm qhov screen, thiab tej zaum kuj yuav tau qhia rau lawv, piv txwv li, rau kev sib tham los yog debugging. Mus hais kom ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv cov zaub, siv qhov hais kom ua ECHO RAU. Lov tes taw no hom, koj yuav tsum nkag mus nrog ECHO OFF parameter. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no rau tag nrho cov ntxiv executable commands tso tawm kom pom ntawm qhov screen yuav tsis tau.

Yuav kom tig tawm tso zis xwb ib-line batch cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam yuav tsum tau siv thaum pib ntawm no kab @ cim. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, qhov no cim muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug khub nrog @ECHO OFF hais kom ua los cais nws tso zis rau cov saib zaub. Qhov no hom yog feem ntau siv los ntawm hackers mus tsim raws li nyob rau hauv lub puav cov ntaub ntawv, cov kab mob los yog xa me me thiab cov loj loj teeb meem mus rau lub computer cov neeg siv.

Posts nyob rau hauv Commands

Yog hais tias lub ECHO pab neeg no yuav tsum tau nyob cim lwm yam tshaj li RAU los yog OFF, tus lawv yuav muab tso tawm kom nyob rau hauv tej hom. Yog hais tias ECHO yog tsis muaj tsis, nws qhia ib lub xeev ntawm cov hom zaub executable cov lus qhia - los yog tawm.

Yog hais tias qhov kev kawm, nws yog tau txawm rau cov me nyuam ib lub suab teeb liab (lub tswb nrov) computer siv puav cov ntaub ntawv. Lus txib raws li tus yam ntxwv zoo rau hauv qab no, raws li nyob rau hauv xov tooj ECHO nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm tus cim tshwj xeeb.

Rau suab playback koj xav mus tso saib nrog rau cov code txheem cim 7. Koj yuav tau ua qhov no los ntawm nias lub thiab "7" rau lub numeric keypad (nrog rau cov inscription tsev).

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txhim kho lub readability ntawm cov lus yuav tau mus thov ECHO hais kom ua nrog cov "." (Nws yog muab tso rau ncaj qha tom qab qhov hais kom ua tsis muaj ib tug qhov chaw) los yog ib tug cim tshwj xeeb nrog code 255. Nyob rau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam nws yuav tshwm sim raws li ib tug dawb paug kab.

ECHO hais kom ua yuav siv tau los tso saib cov lus nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib cov ntaub ntawv. Nws essence yog redirect cov qhov tso zis lus sau rau cov ntaub ntawv, tsis txhob mus lub screen. Yuav kom txuag cav, daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas, kev tshwm sim cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv, koj yuav tau siv batch ntaub ntawv puav. O commands muaj cov nram qab hom:

- ECHO-lus >> filename - hais kom ntxiv ib kab rau ib tug uas twb muaj lawm cov ntaub ntawv. Yog hais tias xws li ib tug cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv no directory yog tsis tam sim no, nws tsim ib tug tshiab cov ntaub ntawv.

- ECHO-lus> filename - Qhov no hais kom ua tsim ib tug tshiab cov ntaub ntawv, thiab tam sim no kab yog sau nyob rau hauv nws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm xws li ib tug cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no directory, tus txheem ntawm nws yuav tsum muab tshem tawm thiab kaw kom ua los yog nws tshwm sim.

siv cov lus

Rau yooj yim editing ntawm scripts siv cov REM hais kom ua. Tag nrho cov tom qab lub qhov rais puav cov ntaub ntawv hais kom ua yog ignored ntawm tiav. Lawv muaj peev xwm yuav pom thaum koj kho kom raug thiab cov kauj ruam. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lwm yam mob, cov lus nyob rau yuav tsis tsum displayed.

ncua kom ua nyob rau hauv ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv

Tej zaum, thaum lub sij hawm tua ntawm cov batch ntaub ntawv yog tsim nyog los mus ib ntus nres lub tua ntawm commands, piv txwv li, tos rau ib tug neeg cov lus teb, kom lub sij hawm mus nyeem ib tug ntev cov lus, mus tau ntxig ib disc, paub meej tias muaj cov neeg siv, los yog rau debugging batch ntaub ntawv. Qeeb hais kom yog sau raws li mas tsis muaj tsis nyob rau hauv puav cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov zaub qhia tau hais tias lub hom ntawm cov lus "Xovxwm ib qhov tseem ceeb rau ntxiv", thiab cov tsab ntawv tiav yuav raug tshem tawm kom txog thaum koj nias cov nyees khawm ntawm lub keypad. Yog hais tias koj nias ua ke nrog + los yog + , tus system txhais nws li qhov tus kawm tiav ntawm lub executable ntaub ntawv thiab yuav kiag koj kom paub meej tias cov kawm tiav ntawm nws ua hauj lwm: "ho cov batch tej ntaub ntawv? (Y / N) ». Yog hais tias koj nias lub Y khawm, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau hauv tsab ntawv ntawm no taw tes thiab tag nrho cov seem koj commands yuav tsis quav ntsej li. Thaum koj nias lub N tiav yuav mus ntxiv nrog rau tom ntej no kev qhia ntawv. Thaum nres, nias lwm yam alphanumeric lub lag luam thiab "Space" thiab "Sau" executable ntaub ntawv yuav mus ntxiv nrog rau tom ntej no kev qhia ntawv.

Executing commands rau cov ntaub ntawv sau

Rau tshwm sim los tua ntawm ntau yam ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev muaj nyob rau hauv tib lub directory, koj kuj siv tau ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv. "Khiav rau lub npe ntawm cov kev pab cuam" thiab "khiav cov ntaub ntawv extension ntawm qhov kev pab cuam" feem ntau pab nrog cov automation ntawm daim ntawv ua, xws li tshawb nrhiav mail attachments. lawv yog cov sib txawv tsis rau qhov hais kom ua RAU. sau ntawv lub hom qhia hauv qab no:

- RAU% x HAUV (daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv) UA hais kom ua, qhov twg:

- X - nruab nrab yog tej lub cim uas tsis yog cov zauv 0 mus 9;

- daim ntawv teev - qhov chaw-cais cov ntaub ntawv npe los yog lub npe ntawm ib cov ntaub ntawv; yog li nws puas yuav tau siv tus cim tshwj xeeb thiab "*" los hloov ib mus rau ob peb cim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv npe "?";

- Team - tej DOS-hais kom ua los yog kev pab cuam, tshwj tsis yog RAU; yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau rau ib tug RAU, es tsis txhob% x yuav tsum qhia kom meej %% x.

Thaum twg koj siv no hais kom ua los sau ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv, yuav tsum paub hais tias cov npe nyob rau hauv ib tug DOS hom kev pab cuam muaj cov kev txwv rau qhov ntev ntawm lub lub npe. Kom switching RAU hais kom mus ua hauj lwm nrog ntev ntaub ntawv npe, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab ua ntej nws mus dhia LFNFOR RAU hais kom ua los pab kom cov lag luam nrog ntev npe thiab LFNFOR OFF tig nws tawm thiab rov qab mus rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntev ntaub ntawv.

Muaj ntau zog nrog cov kev pab cuam xws li cov kev sib piv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj tej yam hom extensions yog nyob rau hauv tib lub directory nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tib hom los ntawm lwm directory, luam tag nrho cov tam sim no directory rau lwm tus, raws li tiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib tug tej yam thiab lub npe yuav pib nrog cov zauv, nws yuav ua tau nrog ib tug hais kom ua inscribed nyob rau hauv ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv. Khiav qhov kev pab cuam muaj peev xwm yuav ua ke nrog cov neeg siv kev thov, li no ua qhov yooj yim ntawm kev ua hauj lwm uas muaj ntaub ntawv.

Zaus nyob rau hauv lub puav cov ntaub ntawv

Rau yooj yim ntawm kev tswj ua ke nyob rau hauv lub pib thiaj puav cov ntaub ntawv, lawv feem ntau siv rau txoj kev hloov pab neeg thiab cov qhab nia uas cov zaus tshwm sim.
Lub daim ntawv lo yog tej hlua executable ntaub ntawv uas pib nrog cov ua cim "nyuv". Lub npe cim npe - yog ib tug set ntawm cov cim tom qab cov nyuv mus rau thaum xaus ntawm txoj kab los yog mus rau tus thawj qhov chaw, tom qab uas lub seem ntawm cov kab yog tsis quav ntsej li, nws yuav siv tau raws li ib tug saib rau lub dhia marker.

txoj kev hloov pab neeg no yog sau ib Goto nrog lub npe tag nrog ib tug qhov chaw. Yog hais tias tsis muaj parameter los yog lub npe ntawm daim ntawv lo nyob rau hauv lub batch ntaub ntawv yog tsis pom, ces tus tsab ntawv no nyob rau hauv pab neeg no tso tseg. Piv txwv li:

Goto zzz

...

: zzz

REM (khiav qhov yuav tsum tau hais kom ua).

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev piv txwv, cov tshwm sim los tua ntawm ib tug hais kom ua ntaub ntawv thov, xeeb Goto zzz, jumps mus rau lub daim ntawv lo: zzz thiab tseem nrog REM, uas raug nqi ntau tag nrho cov uas yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm tus ceg cov lus qhia thiab hais tias tag.

Siv cov tej yam kev mob thaum ua hauj lwm nrog puav cov ntaub ntawv

Puav-cov ntaub ntawv tej zaum yuav ua los yog tsis tau ua commands nyob rau ntau yam tej yam kev mob, yog hais tias nws yog siv daim tshev tshwm sim YOG. Cov hom ntawv ntawm no hais kom ua zoo li lub «YOG mob ntawm pab neeg no."

Tej yam kev mob nruab nrab ntau yam embodiments ntawm cov kab zauv:

- lub ERRORLEVEL tooj - nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum lub yav dhau los executable kev pab cuam twb nrog tawm code sib npaug zos rau cov zauv tus nqi los yog ntau dua, tus mob yuav muaj tseeb.

- LEEJ LINE 2 == 1 - nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ua kom tiav coincidence kab mob yuav muaj tseeb. Es tsis txhob ntawm cov hlua, koj muaj peev xwm hloov lub cim 0% - 9%, ces yuav muab los sib piv tsis muaj qhov hais kom ua cov ntaub ntawv.

- ua ib ke - cov ntaub ntawv npe - yog hais tias tus kev cai tswjhwm cov ntaub ntawv no tshwm sim, ces tus mob no yeej muaj tseeb.

- lub TSIS - ib tug mob - yog hais tias tus mob yog cuav, tso zis rau ntawm pab neeg no tau txais qhov tseeb tus nqi.

Siv commands nyob rau hauv ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv

Yog hais tias koj nias lub "Start" khawm thiab pib ib tug hais kom sai li sai tau (cmd), nws tseem tau mus saib tag nrho tso rau hauv ib puav cov ntaub ntawv hais kom ua. CMD-hom yuav siv tau raws li ib lub cuab tam rau debugging, raws li ib qho kev pab, qhov kev pab cuam rau cov lus qhia txog cov lus txib. Ua li no tsuas muaj peev xwm ntaus PAB. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws muab ib daim ntawv teev commands nrog luv luv piav rau lawv. PAB yuav nkag mus rau lub npe ntawm cov yam commands yog xav paub ntxiv.

Siv ib tug puav cov ntaub ntawv backup cov ntaub ntawv

Hais kom cov ntaub ntawv yuav zoo heev piv lub neej ntawm system cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv nqa tawm txhua hnub ua hauj lwm. Feem ntau cov cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov no yog thaub, tsim, rho tawm, rename thiab tshaj. Tag nrho cov no yog raws li nyob rau kev siv ntawm LUAM puav ntaub ntawv commands. Piv txwv li, koj muaj peev xwm tsim ib qho kev pab uas yuav ua rau backup luam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub xaiv nplaub tshev nrog rau cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tej yam tawm tswv yim, xa, piv txwv li, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov xov xwm, muab redundancy nyob rau hauv daim nplaub tshev nrog rau cov neeg siv lub npe thiab lub tam sim no hnub, thiab lub npe nws "Komanda_kopirovaniya_faylov.bat". Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias nws yog khiav ntawm ib lub sij hawm siv lub built-in Schedule, los yog cov rog ntawm qhov kev pab cuam thiab yog li kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv.