Pelagic ntses. Hom thiab cov hauj lwm

Lub sij hawm "pelagic ntses" originated los ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv uas lawv nyob. Qhov no cheeb tsam yog qhov chaw ntawm lub hiav txwv los yog dej hiav txwv, uas tsis ze nyob rau hauv qab npoo av.

Pelageal - yog dab tsi?

Los ntawm cov Greek "pelagic" yog txhais li "qhib hiav txwv", uas yog cov vaj tse uas nekton thiab plankton pleuston. Conventionally pelagic tsam yog muab faib ua ob peb khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg:

• epipelagic - nyob rau ntawm ib tug tob ntawm 200 meters;
• mezopelagial - mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 1000 meters;
• batipelagial - mus txog rau 4000 meters;
• ntau tshaj 4000 meters - abisopelagial.

Pelagic ntses: hauj lwm

Qhov no marine lub neej, ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm uas yog tus kheej ntawm tej vaj tse - pelagic cheeb tsam. Nws muaj ob hom ntawm pelagic ntses: nqaum thiab Oceanic. Thawj nyob dej ntiav ntiav, nyob qhov twg seeping tshav ntuj, thiab lub thib ob feem ntau ua nyob rau hauv lub tob khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, tej zaum ua luam dej mus deb nyob rau hauv lub chaw ntug hiav cheeb tsam, mas rau spawning.

Feem ntau pelagic ntses muaj pov thawj yuav tsum tau zoo heev swimmers. Lub cev torpedo los yog fusiform tso cai rau lawv mus sai heev txiav ib tug tuab loj ntawm dej, thaum tsim muaj ib cov kev kub ceev. Qhov ntev ntawm pelagic ntses los ntawm heev me me (herring, saury thiab herring) rau giant txhom Oceanic sharks thiab tunas. Pelagic ntses feem ntau tsim loj tsev kawm ntawv, tej zaum xeeb ntau tshaj li ib txhiab tons, tab sis muaj cov neeg uas xav tau ib tug tib lub tsev.

nrov hom

Lub ntsiab nuv ntses catch ntses yog pelagika. Nws tso nyiaj 65-75% ntawm tag nrho cov catch. Muab cov loj tej yam ntuj tso cia, thiab cov nyob rau ntawm pelagic ntses - qhov no yog lub feem ntau pheej yig hauv daim ntawv ntawm nqaij ntses nyoo. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau saj thiab lig. Cov kev txoj hauj lwm nyob los ntawm cov coj mus muag catch pelagic ntses ntawm cov dub hiav txwv, lub sab qaum teb, lub Marmara, lub Baltic thiab lub hiav txwv nyob rau hauv lub North Atlantic thiab cov Pacific. Cov no muaj xws smelt (capelin), me nyuam ntses, herring, herring, carangidae, Blue (Whiting), Scombridae.

Tej zaum cov feem ntau heev thiab nrov ntses yog suav tias yog herring. Yeej nws nyob rau hauv lub pelagic cheeb tsam ntawm lub seas ntawm lub North Atlantic, lub Barents Hiav txwv thiab lub North. Muaj plaub pab pawg txog herring: spawning, loj prespawning, roj thiab me me herring. Qhov tseem ceeb heev cov khoom yog rog herring. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog yooj yim amenable mus preservation thiab zoo prosalivaetsya.

Ob txhais qhov chaw nyob rau hauv muaj koob meej ntawm tau txais kev pab yuav siv sij hawm mackerel. Qhov no ntses belongs rau lub Perciformes thiab ntau nyob rau hauv lub Baltic, Dub hiav txwv thiab lub hiav txwv ntawm Marmara. Qhov nruab nrab ntev ntawm mackerel - 30-35 centimeters. Ib txhia neeg lub nrws yuav ncav cuag ib ntev txog li 60 centimeters. Xim mackerel gray-ntsuab nrog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm dub kab txaij txheej txheem rau lub backrest. Nws yog hom phiaj haum rau qhov siv thiab ua cov kaus poom zaub mov, khaub thuas smoked khoom, raws li zoo raws li cov ntses thiab cov provesnoy Balykov.

Qhov thib peb hom ntau pelagic ntses uas tua tau, muaj xws li capelin thiab herring. Capelin - nws smelt, Arctic ntses, pub rau crustaceans thiab plankton. Nws ntev yog tsis tshua muaj ntau tshaj li 20 centimeters. Qhov no tsev ntses uas inhabits cov sab sauv khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yuav luag krugopolyarno. Siv raws li sprat, pickled thiab smoked nyob rau hauv daim ntawv, raws li tau zoo raws li huab cua-kho thiab qhuav.

Sprat dua populates lub hiav txwv Baltic. Externally, nws yog heev uas zoo sib xws rau Atlantic herring, tab sis muaj ib tug me me luaj li uas yog hom twg los ntawm 20 centimeters. Baltic herring muaj ib tug elongated lub cev thiab ib tug silvery xim. Siv no ntses nyob rau hauv frozen daim ntawv no, raws li ib tug semi-fwm thiab fwm nyob rau hauv lub tub yees embodiment.

saj zoo

Pelagic ntses tau ntev lawm nto moo rau qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj lub siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov rog, ntau tshaj 20%. Tej yam hom herrings yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov vitamins B12, A, D, iodine thiab cov amino acids, yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub protein muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub herring. Kev tshawb fawb pom tau hais tias muaj cov herring nyob rau hauv kev noj haus thiaj li muaj qhov uas yuav muaj kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv system. Ntses fillet muaj ib tug elastic, mos tuab ntxhib los mos thiab ib tug heev qab ntxiag saj.

Smoked ntses Scombridae txawv maj, ilv saj, thiab kib los yog hau nqaij yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug qhuav taub hau. Mackerel muaj ntau pab ib txoj lw ntsiab, xws li phosphorus, manganese, zinc thiab B vitamins

Smelt yog pelagic ntses yog yooj yim digested thiab muaj txog 20% protein. Lawv yog cov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv amino acids, cov nqaijrog, calcium, thiab yog li ib tug tsim nyog caij li selenium. Smelt ntses nqaij yog mos mos thiab kev sib tw, uas muab lawv ib tug tshwj xeeb tsw.