Monument rau cov neeg uas raug nom tswv tsuj, St. Petersburg: hauj lwm, keeb kwm. Monument rau cov neeg uas raug nom tswv tsuj nyob rau hauv Russia

Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm nom tswv tsuj tua ntau tus neeg. Los ntawm ob txhais tes ntawm cov Soviet hwj chim raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov neeg ntawm txawv haiv neeg. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg tau raug xav tias lub slightest manifestation ntawm anti-Soviet views, nws tau los ua tus unenviable hmoo. Nyob rau hauv ib lub nroog nyob rau hauv Russia nrog ib tug monument rau cov neeg uas raug nom tswv tsuj - St. Petersburg yog thawj lub nroog mus rau perpetuate nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv tej xwm txheej phem nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Ntsia nws nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj ntawm 2016, kuj los txhim tsa ib tug monument nyob rau hauv Moscow.

zaj dabneeg

Hnub ntawm Remembrance ntawm raug nom tswv tsuj ua hauj lwm pab kom ua raws li cov neeg uas raug tus phem heev ntawm lub Soviet regime. Nyob rau hnub no nyob rau hauv 2016 lub nyob rau ntawm St. Petersburg sau nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw thoob plaws hauv lub nroog mus hwm lub cim xeeb ntawm lawv tsev neeg, muaj ntau leej twg raug xa mus rau lub tsev kaw neeg vim hais tias ntawm kev dag ntxias thiab hais lus phem, los yog tua nyob rau hauv suspicion ntawm Soviet lub hwj chim.

Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, cov kev los ntawm cov neeg uas tau sau dissidents, heev vague. Tab sis txawm yog vim li cas ntawm kev nom kev tswv kev tsuj cov neeg raug Monument tsa nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm txhua tus neeg cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv no nyuaj lub sij hawm. Cov no yog cov neeg uas tsis xav kom muab lawv cov kev ntseeg, tswv teb nrog ib tug dhau heev lawm ntau npaum li cas ntawm daim av, philosophers thiab sau ntawv xav tias anti-Soviet propaganda. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug ntau ntawm cov haiv neeg thiab nationalities kuj raug tsuj, xws li Tug, Germans thiab Crimean Tatars. Tus neeg uas muaj txawm lub slightest tej yam tshwm sim ntawm anti-Soviet kev tsis ncaj ncees, twb ntaus nrog ib tug hlau nrig ntawm lub Soviet lub hwj chim.

Monument rau cov neeg uas raug nom tswv tsuj (Moscow)

Tus tshiab monument rau cov neeg uas raug nom tswv tsuj yuav tsa nyob rau hauv Moscow Sakharov Avenue nyob rau hauv 2017. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tsoom fwv lub website, Gov't. Gulag History Tsev khaws puav pheej muab rau pem hauv ntej no teg num ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm Putin. Tom qab cov teg num twb pom zoo los ntawm lub Moscow nroog parliament commission rau monumental kos duab nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 2015, leej twg yuav muaj ib tug tshiab tsim, uas yuav tsum tau manufactured nyob rau hauv ib tug monument rau cov neeg uas raug nom tswv tsuj.

Raws li official cov ntaub ntawv, memorial yuav tau muab lub npe ntawm "mourning phab ntsa". Tus tsov ntxhuav feem ntawm cov nyiaj rau nws siv yuav tsum tau faib rau lub xeev. Tsis tas li ntawd nws qhib tau ib cov nyiaj nyob qhov twg cov neeg yuav ua kom cov nyiaj hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub memorial. Nws twb sau ntau tshaj 750 000 rubles.

Lub sculptor ntawm lub monument ntawm nom tswv tsuj nyob rau hauv Moscow

Vladimir Putin qhia los tsim ib tug monument yuav tsum tau teem nyob rau hauv Moscow yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov neeg uas tau raug kev txom nyem thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm nyuaj. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv, luam tawm nyob rau hauv tsoom fwv lub website, xa daim ntawv sau npe rau cov creation ntawm ib tug sketch uas ib tug monument rau cov neeg uas raug nom tswv repressions nyob rau hauv Moscow yuav tau tsim. Nws txiav txim siab los ua ib tug memorial rau cov sketches ntawm George Frangulyan - sculptor Ameslikas los ntawm Georgia.

Memorial "Phab ntsa kev quaj ntsuag", tsim los ntawm Georgi Frangulyan, yuav, tshaj tawm, nyob rau Academician Sakharov Prospect. Lub monument yuav ntsia tau rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj ntawm cov nram qab no xyoo (2017).

Lwm yam tseem ceeb tej hauj lwm Frangulyan: singer Bulat Okudzhava pej thuam ntawm composer Aram Khachaturian nyob rau hauv Moscow, raws li zoo raws li ib tug nplua nuj tombstone ntawm yav tas los President Boris Yeltsin.

Leej twg yog tus sau ntawm lub monument nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg

Nyob rau hauv lub Kwvyees li xyoo 1990, nws pib tshwm cim nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem thiab tuag nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov Soviet cov tub ceev xwm. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv - nws yog ib qho xav xav tau ua hauj lwm ntawm lub artist Mikhail Shemyakin, ib tug muaj koob mej zeej ntawm lub Leningrad Union ntawm Artists. Nws xav mus ua hauj lwm tsis muaj shielding peb tus kheej nrog, rau cov uas nws twb cia raug ntiab tawm ntawm lub teb chaws. Tsuas yog tom qab ib tug thaum nws muaj peev xwm rov qab mus rau lawv teb chaws.

Monument rau cov neeg ntawm Political Repressions nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg

Lub npe nrov Iyiv Sphinx nyob rau University Embankment los ua tus tsab ntawm ob nuj nqis, uas los ntawm ib tug deb ntawm yuav luag tsis hnov li nyob rau hauv lub granite toj roob hauv pes ntawm cov Neva Embankment nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Monument rau cov neeg uas raug nom tswv tsuj yog zoo tshaj plaws saib mus kaw. Los ntawm ib tug ze ze nws qhia tau hais tias havzoov Sphynxes khib, nrog protruding ribs. Nws yuav pom tias ib nrab ntawm lawv ib sab - lub liab qab pob txha taub hau. Yuav ua li cas qhov no txhais tau yuav txawm to taub ib tug neeg uas tsis muaj kev txawj ntse ntawm cov txheej xwm. Lub teb chaws muaj kev nqhis thiab kev tshaib kev nqhis. Txo tus xov tooj ntawm cov pejxeem. Thiab tsoom fwv yog muaj kev txhawj xeeb hais tias cov kev xav thiab tham txog nws. Yog ib tug yooj yim teeb meem no. Tab sis, thaum lub caij lub txim ntawm lub sij hawm no yog yuav luag tsis muaj cov nyhuv rau lub neej niaj hnub.

Upper pedestals ob sphinxes yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog bronze phiaj, uas yog muab tso rau hauv quotes uas nto moo sau ntawv thiab paj huam, cov neeg raug ntawm kev tsuj. Nyob rau hauv lub kos npe rau diplomat Raoul Wallenberg thiab lwm tus neeg. Ntawm ob sphynxes uas kho memorial neeg raug nom tswv, cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ntawm granite blocks nrog qhov rais therebetween, symbolizing box hauv tsev nkuaj.

Number ntawm cov neeg raug ntawm kev tsuj

Ob peb lab cov neeg ntseeg kom muaj tuag thaum lub sij hawm lub kev tsuj nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, uas mus txog rau nws apogee nyob rau hauv lub massacres thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg raug txim nyob rau hauv lub lig 1930s nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm Iosifa Stalina.

Muaj ntau historians cam hais tias lub feem ntau huab lub sij hawm ntawm Soviet tsuj, xws li cov liab xav tias tsam lawv thiab Stalinist purges, raws li statistics, lees paub rau qhov loj tshaj plaws txo nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm systematic cov pejxeem. Dua li ntawm qhov post-Stalin Soviet kev ncaj ncees xyoo, tus xov tooj ntawm cov neeg raug uas tej zaum yuav tau cov neeg raug ntawm kev tsuj, muaj kaum tawm lab, thiab tus naj npawb yog loj hlob rau hnub no. Muaj ntau ntawm cov npe ntawm cov neeg raug tseem tsis tau qhia tawm. Tsis txhob cia li muab monuments rau cov neeg raug nom tswv repressions nyob rau hauv Russia. Cov txheej xwm yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsis nco qab lawm. Cia li nco ntsoov li cas Soviet totalitarianism. Cov txheej xwm yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob twj ywm rau hauv lub sidelines, prorostat tsis nco qab lawm.

Ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov npe, ib daim ntawv teev cov neeg uas twb kos npe rau cov pej xeem, tau nyeem nrov nrov nyob rau Memorial rau 30 Lub kaum hli ntuj. Thaum lub sij hawm lub rooj sib tham nws tau taw tes qhia tawm cov tsis muaj lub teb chaws xim rau cov ntawv no.