Prokopiy Kesariysky: biography, pab mus rau science, tej hauj lwm

Kws ntawv Prokopiy Kesariysky - ib tug neeg, vim uas niaj hnub nyeem ntawv yuav paub ntau ntxiv txog lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Byzantine VI caug xyoo. Kom deb li deb tsis muaj ib tug tau ua tau zoo zoo dua nws, los mus piav qhia thiab kev ntsuam xyuas uas era.

keeb kwm

Syrian Prokopiy Kesariysky yug nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm V caug xyoo. Lub caij nyoog hnub nws yug los yog tsis paub hais tias vim cov tsis muaj qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los, peb paub los rau nws hometown - yog lub moos Xixaleyas yog nyob rau hauv Palestine. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws kuj yog ib tug tshawb fawb center nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv. Yog li ntawd, Prokopiy Kesariysky tau txais ib qho zoo heev classical kawm ntawv, uas ua rau nws mus ua nws cov hauj lwm. Tsis tas luag hauj lwm yog ua si los ntawm koj tus kheej zoo ntawm tus txiv neej. Nws differed nyob siab thiab wit.

Feem ntau cov yuav, Prokopiy Kesariysky yog los ntawm kev aristocratic tsev neeg ntawm senators. Firstly, nws kuj tso cai rau nws mus tau yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv lub xeev kev tswj system ntawm lub Byzantine Empire. Secondly, nyob rau hauv nws sau, nws tham nyob rau hauv ntev txog lub officialdom ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman, thiab muab piv nws nrog rau cov Roman system. Cov parallels yog tsis random. Nyob rau hauv 376, lub unified Roman faj tim teb chaws twb muab faib ua ob qhov chaw. Lub sab hnub tuaj ib nrab thiab los ua tus Byzantine Empire. West kuj sai tuag nyob rau hauv lub onslaught ntawm lub barbarians. Tsis ntev, nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj prevailed Greek culture thiab yam lus. Nws kuj hloov lub xeev system. Roman cov cai thiab cov qauv tau reformatted nyob rau hauv lub tshiab tseeb. Procopius kuj yog ib tug supporter ntawm lub qub qauv uas tau nyob rau hauv lub Nyob Mus Ib Txhis City.

pab pej xeem

Ib txoj kev los sis lwm, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm mus sai sai tau ib tug nce qib. Nyob rau hauv 527, Emperor Justinian (ib qho ntawm feem kev vam meej thiab zoo-paub rulers ntawm Constantinople) tsa nws ua advisor thiab secretary rau Flavius Belisarius. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab thawj coj ntawm lub xeev thiab txoj cai txhais tes ntawm tus pas ntsuas. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, xws li ib tug txoj hauj lwm yuav tsis tsa leej twg. Lub historian Prokopiy Kesariysky twb enjoyed unchallenged lub koob npe nrov nyob rau hauv lawv lub chaw nyob.

Kev Koom Tes nyob rau hauv lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txheej xwm ntawm

Vim nws txoj hauj lwm Secretary Belisarius muaj peev xwm mus ua tim khawv rau hauv lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb txheej xwm ntawm lub era. Nyob rau hauv lub lig 20-ies ntawm VI xyoo pua nws yog nyob rau hauv Persia, uas Byzantium yog ib tug tsov rog. nyob rau hauv lub peev ntawm tus faj tim teb chaws ntawm Constantinople tsoo ib unprecedented revolt Nick ib tug ob peb xyoos. Nws ob lub qhov muag pom Prokopiy Kesariysky. historian hauj lwm twb mob siab rau cov txheej xwm uas nws twb confronted rau nws lub neej txoj kev taug kev mus.

Xws li, piv txwv li, yog ib tug Byzantine phiaj los nqis tes tiv thaiv tsis tau lub nceeg vaj Vandals nyob rau hauv North Africa. Thaum Belisarius coj cov tub rog mus cua daj cua dub yeeb ncuab lub zos, nws secretary tib zoo kaw txhua yam uas tshwm sim, ces siv cov khoom siv no nyob rau hauv lawv: thiab nthuav phau ntawv.

Vandals tau barbarians uas rhuav tshem cov Western Roman faj tim teb chaws. Dhau li lawv, lwm haiv neeg thiab nyob ruaj rau hauv nws cov ruins. Cov no yog cov Goths uas hais nyob rau hauv ltalis. Lawv Belisarius siv ob kev tsov kev rog, uas yog thiab Prokopiy Kesariysky. Biography historian yog tag nrho ntawm amazing txheej xwm, ua khub nrog cov kev piam sij. Nyob rau hauv 540, nws yog dua ua rog nrog cov Pawxia uas invaded Syria. Thiab tom qab no phiaj los nqis tes nyob rau hauv Constantinople pib ib cov kab mob plague.

Ib tug tseem ceeb kom zoo dua ntawm Procopius ua ntej los ntawm lwm yam kev soj ntsuam ntawm hais tias era yog nws senior raws li txoj cai. Nws muaj kev nkag tau mus txwv kom muab zais ntaub ntawv thiab xov xwm Belisarius rau Justinian. Lub historian kuj tsim nws tus kheej raws li ib tug diplomat, raws li nws yog tam sim no nyob rau txhua txhua lub rooj sib tham nrog txawv teb chaws rulers, uas yog cov tsov kev rog thiab kos npe rau ib sib yeem lus.

Broad-minded txawj sau ntawv

Prokopiy Kesariysky, tuag nyob rau hauv Constantinople nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 565. Nws kawg xyoo twb siv rau cov kev ntawm loj heev cov ntaub ntawv uas sau los ntawm nws thaum lub sij hawm cov kev pab cuam. Vim lawv kev kawm ntawv, nws muaj tag nrho cov kev txawj ntse ntawm ib tug zoo kawg txawj sau ntawv. Qhov no pab tau nws mus rau sau ntau phau ntawv, feem ntau ntawm uas yog txhais ua Lavxias teb sab.

Nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Procopius lossi slipping ua tim khawv rau ancient sau phau ntawv. Muaj tsis muaj tsis ntseeg tias nws yog ib tug zoo-nyeem txiv neej thiab paub Thucydides, Homer, Herodotus thiab Xenophon. Tsis tas li ntawd ib tug txawj sau ntawv zoo versed nyob rau hauv Greek keeb kwm, uas tau pab nws nyob rau hauv qhov kev piav qhia ntawm lub xeev ntawm cov Byzantine Empire. Nws twb muaj zog nyob rau hauv ancient mythology, uas los ntawm lub sij hawm uas tau ua ib tug ncau ntawm yav dhau los (nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv yog tus official cai dab qhuas). Nws yog ib tug loj kev vam meej, ua ib feem ntawm tus loj tshaj faj tim teb chaws txoj kev tshawb no ntawm paganism twb yog hais tias tsis rau txim, nws yuav tsis xav kom. Thaum lub tsev lawv tseem mus tshawb cov legacy ntawm yav dhau los, yog dab tsi nws tau ua thiab Prokopiy Kesariysky. Diam duab ntawm lub ruins ntawm lub nroog qhia rau nws hais tias nws yog ib tug flourishing qhov chaw, qhov chaw uas muaj tag nrho cov tej yam kev mob rau muaj ntau haiv neeg kev txawj ntse - los ntawm philosophy rau keeb kwm.

"Keeb kwm Wars"

Procopius feem ntau npe hu rau nws yim-volume ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub title "Keeb kwm Wars". Nyob rau hauv txhua nqe lus, ib tug teeb meem Byzantium era ntawm Justinian. Qhov no nyob chronicle, uas yog ua los ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv, qhov kawg kev tshwm sim ntawm lub xyoo 552.

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub yim tagnrho yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv ib tug trilogy uas piav txog tsov rog nrog rau cov Pawxia, Vandals thiab Goths. Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm publishing xyaum ib tug kev lig kev cai los sau txhua nqe lus nyias. Qhov no tsis ua txhaum cov zajlus kom kev txiav txim ntawm lub narrative raws li ib tug tag nrho, cov hauj lwm tau sau nyias, txawm hais tias nws piav txog tus tib ntu.

Neeg yog leejtwg ntawm tus kws yog cov loj loj. Hais txog txhua txhua tsov rog nws tham ncauj lus kom ntxaws qhia txog cov cheeb tsam, qhov chaw uas nws twb muaj nyob rau. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus thaj nta, Procopius researched lub keeb kwm thiab lub haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm txhua ntug. Thaum nws lub neej raug luam tawm "Keeb kwm Wars" thiab "Nyob rau hauv lub vaj tse." Tsaug rau phau ntawv no, tus sau tau los ua tus patriarch ntawm lub Byzantine keeb kwm. Contemporaries rightly piv nws nrog Herodotus.

"Secret History"

Muaj ob zoo-paub tej hauj lwm ntawm Procopius, "Oh vaj tse" thiab "The Secret History." Ua raws li cov ntawv ntawm nws tau tshwm sim los ib tug ntau ntawm scandals.

Kuv xav hais tias Prokopiy Kesariysky nyob rau hauv nws "Secret History"? Nyob rau hauv nws, nws tau piav tag nrho cov tib txheej xwm ntawm nws lub sij hawm, tab sis lub sij hawm no nws kho lawv heev ib tug txawv lub. Yog hais tias tus nyeem ntawv proshtudiruyte "Keeb kwm Wars" thiab "The Secret History", ces tej zaum nws yuav ua tau ib tug nkag siab ntawm kev txawj ntse dissonance. Nyob rau hauv thawj phau ntawv, tus sau sau, raws li cov hauj lwm taw tes ntawm view rau cov txheej xwm. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub "Secret History", nws tsis txhob thuam sab saum toj ua hauj lwm ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman.

duality Procopius

Vim cov tsis muaj zoo-paub tseeb biography Procopius yuav zoo li inconsistent txiv neej, raws li tab sis yog nws tsis muaj nws txoj hauj lwm. Txawm li cas los, feem ntau cov kev soj ntsuam ntawm nws ua hauj lwm converges rau tus saib hais tias tus kws tsis nyiam Justinian lub tsoom fwv thiab nws cov "official" phau ntawv sau nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis mus nkag rau hauv tej teeb meem nrog cov tub ceev xwm. Tab sis txawm qhov no tsis hloov qhov tseeb hais tias phau ntawv yog ib yam uas zoo tshaj plaws ncauj lus kom ntxaws qhia, uas tsis muaj tib qho kev ntawm lub sij hawm.

Nom tswv txoj kev koom tes tsis mob qhov zoo tshaj ntawm cov khoom, tus neeg sau ntawm uas yog Prokopiy Kesariysky. Luv luv biography ntawm tus sau yuav ua rau nws paub tseeb hais tias nws yog zoo versed nyob rau hauv dab tsi nws sau. Tshwj xeeb kaj thiab nthuav, nws tau piav txog lub neej thiab lub neej ntawm cov barbarian pab pawg neeg - lub Germans thiab lub Slavs, uas muaj kev sib cuag nrog Byzantium. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb raws li cov neeg ntawm kev lis kev cai thiab kev cai muaj tsis muaj dab tsi sab laug, thiab restore rau lawv xwb los ntawm xws li qhov chaw.

Lub neej hauj lwm barbarians

Yuav ua li cas sim hawm caij nyoog Prokopiya Kesariyskogo coj nyob rau hauv raws li ntau kom meej rau lo lus nug no? Firstly, qhov teeb meem ntawm nws keeb kwm. Nws yog ib tug Syrian thiab ellinizrovalsya tsuas nrog lub sij hawm, noj lub Greek lus raws li cov cai, thiab ib tug loyal kev kawm ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman. Uas yog, los ntawm thaum yau, nws loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sib txawv ntawm cov haiv neeg, uas nyob ib sab mus rau txhua lwm yam.

Secondly, Procopius kawm lus thiab kev lis kev cai ntawm lwm haiv neeg rau tswv yim lub hom phiaj. Txij li thaum nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsev hauv paus ntawm cov tub rog, nws yuav tsum tau paub txog cov yeeb ncuab ntau li ntau tau. Qhov no tej zaum yuav piav qhov tseeb hais tias nws piav txog nyob rau hauv kom meej lub keeb kwm ntawm lub barbarians thiab cov Pawxia. Vim lub excursion mus rau hauv lub dhau los ntawm tus sau qhia tau hais tias cov txawj nyeem ntawv yuav ua li cas nyob thiab INTERACTIONS coj txawv txawv thiab alien rau lub zej zog uas tsis muaj Byzantine kev txiav txim. Piv txwv li, nws yog heev kom meej meej pom nyob rau hauv cov piv txwv ntawm cov Gothic nom tswv cajceg, uas Procopius piav nyob rau hauv kom meej.

Nws ua tim khawv pom lawv sib raug zoo thiab mus xyuas qhov kev koom ntawm Slavs thiab Germans. Yog li nws muab piv favorably nrog, piv txwv li, Tacitus, uas tau sau nws keeb kwm tej hauj lwm, tsis tau tawm hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm (tab sis lawv kev zoo siab thiab ib qho nyuaj rau hais tsis sib haum). Tsis tau xwb nyob rau hauv lub Byzantine Secretary yuav tau raws li nws cov neeg yog leej twg, uas animates dluab ntawm lub neej txhua hnub thiab lub neej ntawm nyob deb haiv neeg, uas tsis yog hais tias ntawm lwm tus sau phau.

"Nyob rau hauv lub vaj tse '

Phau ntawv no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb pes tsawg leeg. Dua li ntawm qhov tseem ntawm cov lus thiab dryness, cov khoom no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw rau historians, archaeologists thiab tib neeg tsuas xav nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm. Nyob rau hauv phau ntawv ntawm Procopius piav tag nrho cov tsev ua si era ntawm Justinian.
Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm huab tais ntawm Byzantium tej nws ci ntsa iab tshaj flowering. Wealth thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Txhab nyiaj pub tus tswv xeev tau mus nqis peev nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau nquag tej yaam num ntawm nws lub sij hawm.

Nws piav rau lawv Procopius. Feem ntau ntawm nws mloog yog them, ntawm chav kawm, cov peev ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman - Constantinople, qhov twg nws unfolded, "kev siv ntawm lub xyoo pua". Tsis tas li ntawd, tus sau tau zoo nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm nws texturally khoom mus rau xav txog lub sab hauv thiab txawv teb chaws txoj cai ntawm lub xeev.