Minerals

Minerals yog mineral formations, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub kiav txhab. Vim lub cev thiab tshuaj zog, lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam spheres uas muaj ntau lawm. Minerals tej zaum yuav gaseous, khoom los yog kua.

Mineral tsim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov sib txawv ntawm cov pawg ua ke. Lawv yuav tsum tau sawv cev los ntawm stocks, deposits, khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, conductors. Cov chaw uas muaj nyob minerals, hu ua teb. Kev qhuab qhia, uas yog tsim xws li yog hu ua tsuas.

Nyob ntawm seb lawv cov tswv yim los yog kev thaj chaw ntawm cov zaub mov yog siv nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev los sis lwm muaj sector.

Rau combustible mineral formations muaj xws li roj, thee, shale, nkev, peat, thiab lwm yam kev pab, cov kev ntawm uas tsim thermal zog.

Mining thiab tshuaj pawg xws li mineral ntsev, borates, phosphates thiab lwm yam. Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv lub tsuas thiab tshuaj industries.

Txawv hom minerals yog hydro accumulations. Lawv hais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov av.

Rau mineral formations kuj muaj, thiab muaj nuj nqis heev pob zeb, thiab gems.

Muaj kuj tsis-metallic minerals. Lawv sawv cev los ntawm deposits apatites, phosphorites, cov pob zeb thiab poov tshuaj ntsev, marl, limestone. Pawg no muaj xws li xws mineral formations li sandstone, av nplaum, sulfur, asbestos, graphite, mica, quartz, marble, fluorspar thiab lwm yam.

Phosphorites thiab apatites siv raws li feedstock rau zus tau tej cov phosphate chiv. Qhov loj tshaj plaws deposits ntawm apatite yog xav tau kuv Khibinskaya. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub Kola ceg av qab teb. Nws reserves raws li kws txawj nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 2.7 billion tons. Apatite ores uas mined nyob rau hauv seem no yog txhab khoom mus rau lub teb chaws superphosphate nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv kuj yog cov raw khoom hauv paus rau zus tau tej cov alumina vim lub high ntsiab lus ntawm nepheline.

Phosphates feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov European ib feem ntawm Russia. Qhov loj tshaj plaws deposits pom tau hais tias Vyatka-Kama, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub Kirov cheeb tsam. Xam tias yog loj txaus ntau nyob rau hauv lub Moscow, Bryansk, Kursk, Leningrad cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv Chuvashia thiab Bashkortostan li ib tug neeg phosphorite deposit sab.

Rau lub chaw ua khoom ntawm potash yog siv nrog tib lub npe ntawm ntsev. Nyob rau hauv lub Urals, Verkhnekamskoye nyob rau hauv lub Perm cheeb tsam. Nws yog suav tias yog qhov loj tshaj plaws txuam nrog ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev. Nws muaj lub loj feem ntawm tag nrho cov stocks ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv Russia. Tshuav reserves ntawm txog 21,7 billion tons.

Pyrites thiab leej faj yog siv rau zus tau tej cov sulfuric acid. Loj deposits ntawm no substance yog pom nyob rau hauv lub North Caucasus (Dagestan), lub Samara cheeb tsam thiab cov Far East. Pyrites nyob rau hauv loj nyiaj hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Urals. Ntawm no nws yog nyob thiab txuam nrog ntsev. Loj deposits yog Verkhnekamskoye thiab Iletsk. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ntsev yog mined nyob rau hauv lub Lower Volga cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv Eastern Siberia thiab Far East.

Mica yog ua nyob rau hauv lub Murmansk cheeb tsam thiab cov koom pheej ntawm Karelia, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb qhov chaw ntawm Siberia, lub Urals thiab cov Far East.

Ore minerals xws li dawb, dub ore, thiab zoo zoo nkauj tshooj.

Niaj hnub no, tsuas yog ib tug ntawm qhov muaj feem thib industries. Qhov no yog tsuas vim lub fact tias cov mineral formations yog ib qho tseem ceeb raw khoom muab lub lag luam los ntawm ntau yam systems thiab lug. Extraction ntiaj teb reserves tau siv ntau yam twj tshwj xeeb tej ntawm uas tsim nyog cov neeg ua.