Fluorspar, fluorite los yog: kev piav qhia thiab daim ntawv thov zog

Qhov no mineral yuav muaj sib txawv heev xim - los ntawm daj thiab liab xiav, liab doog thiab txawm dub. Tej zaum, tab sis yog heev tsis tshua muaj, muaj txawm piv txwv ntawm sis tsuas kob. Qhov no fluorite - ib lub pob zeb uas muaj ib puas neeg thiab cov tib siv.

Fluorspar: lub zog

Qhov no mineral tau paub cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv los yog lwm txij ancient sij hawm. Nws twb siv xws li nyob rau hauv lub melting ntawm ores, uas pab sai thiab yooj yim dua rau purify lawv los ntawm dross. Yaj fluorspar, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm Mineralogy - fluorite. Lwm lub npe txuam nrog cov tshuaj mis - calcium fluoride.

Fluorspar yog feem ntau ib tug nyhav zoo muaju nrog ib tug iav ci. Coloration yuav txawv: muaj daj, xiav, maub xiav, liab, liab, dub, liab doog thiab lwm yam xim. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov muaju yuav ua tau tsis muaj kob, txawm hais tias qhov no yog tsis tshua muaj. Coloring zonal - nws muaj feem xyuam rau thaum tshav kub kub thiab tawg.

Fluorspar muaj heev mas zog: photo- thiab thermoluminescence. Dhau li ntawm tus fact uas qhov kev kuaj no yog illuminated nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti luchenie kuj cai thaum raug kub thiab UV teeb. Thaum 1360 degrees Celsius mineral melts.

Lub npe spar, txawm nws muaj kev haum ntev keeb kwm, twb muab xwb nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua, Georgiem Agrikoloy, tus "txiv" ntawm mineralogy. Obviously, lub npe ntawm fluorite (los ntawm lub Latin fluores) raug xaiv vim nws legkoplavnosti, los yog vim hais tias ntawm nws cov kev siv nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntawm ores. Incidentally, fluorine tau txais nws lub npe - fluorum - nws yog los ntawm lub pob zeb, tsis yog tus rov qab, vim hais tias cov tshuaj lub caij twb xub rho tawm los ntawm no xyov mineral. Yog li ntawd, peb tseem paub txog fluorite?

Cov mis thiab tshuaj zog

Cov ntshiab fluorite - yog CAF _2. Txawm li cas los, ntau heev nws muaj ntau yam impurities, xws li tsis tshua muaj lub ntiaj teb hais. Lawv tsis muaj ib tug loj feem nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm lub pob zeb, hloov tsuas yog tus ua cim los ntawm nws cov xim.

Fluorite yog reacted nrog sulfuric acid, muab tawm tshuaj lom hydrogen fluoride, uas feem ntau coj mus rau lub nqus tau pa experimenters tuag nrhiav legendary philosophical pob zeb. Yog li ntawd rau mineral entrenched "devilish" koob meej.

Nrog nws twb npaj, thiab lwm yam fluorine tebchaw, raws li zoo raws li lub caij nyob rau hauv nws cov ntshiab daim ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho ntawm feem nrov khoom yog hydrofluoric acid.

hom

Fluorite - ib lub pob zeb nrog ib puas neeg, vim hais tias nws yog yuav luag tag nrho cov xim thiab ntxoov. Raws li nws, raws li ib tug txoj cai, thiab paub qhov txawv ntawm ib co ntawm nws cov ntau ntau yam:

• antozonite - sib txawv yam ntxwv tsaus liab doog xim, muaj ntau elemental fluorine tej;
• hlorofan - ib hom ntawm ntsuab, vim lub xub ntiag ntawm samarium ions nyob rau hauv lub muaj pes tsawg leeg nws tseem hu ua ib tug fake kab tho;
• ratovkid - tsiag ntawv los ntawm magenta xim rau xiav-violet los yog earthy thiab zoo-grained;
• ittroflyuorit - ua tsaug rau cov kev hloov ntawm calcium thiab yttrium tawg yuav daj ntxoov.

Feeb fluorspar yuam kev rau ib precious minerals .. Topaz, emeralds, amethysts, etc. Cuaj kaum, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom paub qhov txawv. Fluorite - pob zeb, tsis differing hardness, li ntawd, nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus kos nws nrog ib tug riam los yog ib rab koob. Nyob rau lub Mohs scale nws sau raws nkaus Ii mus rau lub xov tooj 4. Qhov no feature yog dog dig tsis yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem minerals, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias peb tham txog ib tug heev zoo txoj hauj lwm.

extraction

Fluorspar - ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov zaub mov. Nws deposits yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv dolomite, limestone thiab hydrothermal ores. Nws yog nrog los ntawm ib co lwm yam pob zeb: quartz, galena, calcite, gypsum, apatite, topaz, tourmaline, etc ...

Qhov loj tshaj plaws paub deposits muaj nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, nyob rau hauv ces, yuav luag txhua qhov txhia chaw nyob rau hauv Central Asia, nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, lub US, Central America, thiab tseem nyob rau hauv lub Trans-Baikal, Buryatia, Primorsky Krai. Feem ntau, muaj cov piv txwv ntawm 5-6, tsis tshua mus txog 20 centimeters. Qhov loj tshaj plaws exporters ntawm minerals yog Mongolia, Tuam Tshoj thiab Mexico. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsum kho qhov muag fluorite yog Kazakhstan.

kev siv cov

Raws li twb tau hais, cov neeg los ntawm ancient sij hawm paub cov mineral fluorspar. Kev siv ntawm nws, lawv kuj pom haum sai sai: nws muaj peev xwm ua me me khoom tais diav, lauj kaub tais diav, tag nrho cov hom ntawm ornaments. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ancient Rome, ib tug vase ntawm nws hu ua murine thiab muaj nuj nqis heev.

Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlau ua hauj lwm, nws twb pom hais tias cov mineral fluorite yog ib qho zoo heev fluxing, i.e. ores lowers tus melting point, simplifies sib cais ntawm slags.

Tom qab ntawd, nrog lub hnab khib ib co txuj ci ntawm Science News for KIDS, nws kuj siv rau qhov kev npaj ntawm ntshiab thiab fluorine tebchaw. Nyob rau hauv kev, tseem fluorite (CAF mis ₂₎ siv li raw cov ntaub ntawv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tau nyob rau hauv lub hydrofluoric acid. Nws kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm kev lag luam, piv txwv li, ceramics thiab designs, simulating tsuas iav. Yog li, rau overestimate qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov mineral fluorite yog tsis yooj yim.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog tam sim no tsim nyog rau zus tau tej cov enamels thiab glazes siv nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb high-precision optics tsim ntawm lasers thiab, ntawm chav kawm, ib co piv txwv menyuam Jewelers. Nrog kho kom zoo nkauj lub pov haum khoo, yog li ntawd nws yuav lwv nrog nws ntau noble thiab tsis tshua muaj Fellows.

Jewelcrafting

Fluorite - ib tug mineral uas yog feem ntau dhau tawm raws li kim kim thiab tsawg pob zeb - .. Citrine, kab tho, amethyst, thiab lwm yam Txawm li cas los, cov kws txawj ib txwm muaj tau yooj yim los dag. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tsis tau siv li ntawd feem ntau raws li inserts nyob rau hauv no lub pov haum kho kom zoo nkauj: softness thiab tom ntej no mus no ua complexity ntawm rooj plaub tsuas yog meaningless. Cov kev zam yog cov multi-kob fluorite, sib txuas ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm ntxoov. Txawm li cas los, rau qhov siv thiab ua pheej yig hniav nyiaj hniav kub nrog tej yam yooj yim kev kho mob, nws tseem siv niaj hnub no.

Mystical thiab tej yam yees siv zog

Zoo li ntau lwm yam minerals tawm, fluorite yog rho nrog rau cov muaj peev xwm kho tau tej kab mob thiab pab txhawb lub xeev. Yog li, lithotherapists qhia rau kev zaws cov khoom los ntawm cov pob zeb no cov neeg mob kev txom nyem los ntawm mob taub hau, qaug dab peg, ntau yam sclerosis. Nws yog tseem ntseeg hais tias nws yuav pab tau tshem ntawm meteozavisimosti thiab mob nkees, txo kev nyuaj siab thiab normalize pw tsaug zog.

Raws li rau lub esoteric, fluorite ntaus nqi mus rau ib tug tiag tiag amazing zog: nws yog ntseeg hais tias nws yog ib tug muaj zog stimulator ntawm sab ntsuj plig kev loj hlob. Nws tso cai rau koj mus hloov lub homphiaj ntawm lawv lub neej nrog cov ntaub ntawv uas cov kev pab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab lub siab lub ntsws kheej. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov talismans ntawm fluorite tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab thiab ua rau kom lub peev xwm rau analytical xav rau ib tug tag nrho haib zoo zog.