Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin: thaum yau, kev ua hluas, Biography

Kuprin Aleksandr Ivanovich - ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb cov nuj nqis ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub 1 ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Nws yog tus sau ntawm xws nto moo tej hauj lwm raws li "Olesya", "Garnet Hlua tes", "Moloch", "Duel", "Junkers", "Kawm ua tub rog" thiab lwm tus neeg. Alexander nyob ib kaj, txawv txawv, dlej lub neej. Hmoo tej zaum tau hnyav rau nws. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, Aleksandra Kuprina, thiab paub tab xyoo twb cim los ntawm khov nyob rau hauv ntau yam spheres ntawm lub neej. Nws muaj ib leeg-handedly mus tua rau cov nyiaj txiag ywj siab, muaj koob meej, paub thiab txoj cai yuav tsum tau hu ua ib tug txawj sau ntawv. Los ntawm txom nyem ntau yam yog Kuprin. Nws tseem yog menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas tau tshwj xeeb yog nyuaj. Tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau tham nyob rau hauv kom meej.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv

Kuprin Aleksandr Ivanovich tau yug los nyob rau hauv 1870. Nws hometown - Narovchat. Niaj hnub no nws yog nyob rau hauv lub Penza cheeb tsam. Chaw yug Kuprin, tam sim no ib tug tsev cia puav pheej (ib tug yees duab ntawm nws yog hais hauv qab no). Kuprina cov niam txiv twb tsis muaj nyiaj. Ivan, leej txiv rau yav tom ntej txawj sau ntawv, tau koom rau tsev neeg ntawm impoverished nobles. Nws tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug petty tub ceev xwm thiab feem ntau qaug dej qaug cawv. Thaum Alexander tsuas yog tus thib ob lub xyoo, nws tuag ntawm tus kab mob no Ivan Ivanovich Kuprin. Childhood ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv, yog li, dhau tsis muaj ib tug txiv. Nws tsuas pab txhawb nqa yog nws leej niam, uas yog qhia sib nrug.

Cov niam Aleksandra Kuprina

Lyubov Alekseevna Kuprina (nee - Kulunchakova), tus me nyuam tub niam yuam kom khom nyob rau hauv lub poj ntsuam lub tsev nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nws yog los ntawm no ntws thawj puas tias kuv muab qhia rau peb Ivan Kuprin. Nws tseem yog menyuam yaus yog lom zem ntau vim txoj kev rau leej niam. Nws ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug zoo tshaj plaws qab nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam tub lub neej, nws yog rau yav tom ntej ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ntawm tus txawj sau ntawv. Alexander recalled hais tias tus poj niam no yog ib tug muaj zog-willed, muaj zog, muaj zog, zoo li tus sab hnub tuaj ntxhais fuabtais (Kulunchakovy tau koom rau cov ancient tsev neeg ntawm Tatar princes). Txawm nyob rau hauv lub miserable teeb meem poj ntsuam 'Tsev, nws tseem ua li ntawd. Tav su Lubov yog nruj, tab sis rau yav tsaus ntuj tig mus rau hauv ib tug mysterious dab thiab hais rau nws tus tub dab neeg uas remade nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej txoj kev. Cov nthuav dab neeg enjoyed mloog Kuprin. Nws tseem yog menyuam yaus yog heev loj heev, brightened tales ntawm nyob deb pawg neeg thaj av thiab tsis paub hais tias creatures. Txawm raws li ib tug me nyuam, Alexander Ivanovich tau ntsib nrog lub tu siab kev muaj tiag. Txawm li cas los, cov teeb meem tsis tau tiv thaiv pom tau hais raws li ib tug txawj sau ntawv xws li ib tug ntse txiv neej zoo li Kuprin.

Ib tug me nyuam tseem yau siv nyob rau hauv lub poj ntsuam lub tsev

Childhood Aleksandra Kuprina coj deb ntawm txoj kev nplij siab noble Estates, noj hmo tog, nws txiv lub tsev qiv ntawv, qhov chaw uas koj muaj peev xwm nka mus ntsiag to nyob rau hauv lub hmo ntuj, Christmas khoom plig, uas yog li delightful mus nrhiav nyob rau hauv lub tsob ntoo thaum kaj ntug. Tab sis nws paub hais tias lub grayness ntsuag chav, scarce goodies muab rau cov hnub caiv, tsis hnov tsw ntawm lub breech khaub ncaws thiab ncuav pias rau neeg saib xyuas, uas lawv tsis tau ua stint. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus imprint ntawm nws tus cwj pwm tshuav ib qho thaum ntxov thaum yau Kuprin. Biography ntawm nws tom qab xyoo cim los ntawm tshiab los xij. Nws yog tsim nyog los qhia me ntsis rau koj txog lawv.

Tub rog mushtrovoe thaum yau Kuprina

Rau cov me nyuam ntawm nws kev cai twb tsis muaj ntau yam kev xaiv rau ntxiv txoj hmoo. Ib tug ntawm lawv - ib tug tub rog ua hauj lwm. Lubov, noj kev saib xyuas ntawm lawv cov me nyuam, txiav txim siab los ua nws tus tub cov tub rog. Nrog Alexander Ivanovich niam yuav tsum tau tawm sai sai no. Nws lub neej pib phem heev tub rog mushtrovaya lub sij hawm, uas txuas ntxiv Kuprina thaum yau. Nws biography ntawm lub sij hawm no yog cim los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias nws siv li ob peb xyoos nyob rau hauv lub xeev cov tsev Moscow. Thawj mus yog ib tug tub ntsuag Razumovsky board, tom qab ib co sij hawm - Moscow Cadet Corps, thiab ces Alexandrov tub rog School. Kuprin nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej ntxub txhua txhua ib ntawm cov ib ntus tsev. Attendance muaj zog rau yav tom ntej txawj sau ntawv stupidity khaus cov tub ceev xwm, lub Txhab nyiaj teeb meem no, zibntab cov phooj ywg thiab txheeb ze cov neeg zov menyuam thiab cov xib fwb, "lub cult ntawm lub nrig", yog tib yam rau tag nrho cov nrhiav thiab flogging.

Qhov ntawd yog qhov nyuaj thaum yau yog Kuprin. Rau cov me nyuam nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj ib tug hlub ib tug, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim, Alexander Ivanovich yog muaj hmoo - nws khaws cia ib tug hlub niam. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv 1910.

Kuprin xa mus rau Kiev

Kuprin Aleksandr, tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo los ntawm tsev kawm qib siab, siv 4 xyoo nyob rau hauv cov tub rog. Nws so nyob rau thawj zaug uas (nyob rau hauv 1894). Lieutenant Kuprin coj tawm ntawm nws lub uniform kom zoo. Nws txiav txim siab tsiv mus nyob rau Kiev.

Ib tug tiag tiag kev sib tw rau lub neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv los ua ib tug zoo lub nroog. Kuprin Aleksandr Ivanovich siv tag nrho kuv lub neej nyob rau hauv lub xeev tsev, yog li ntawd, yog tsis haum rau cov neeg sab nraud nyob. Nyob rau lub sij hawm no, nws tom qab ironically uas Kiev yog zoo li "ib tug schoolgirl-Smolyanka" hmo ntawd coj mus rau hauv lub wilds ntawm lub hav zoov thiab sab laug tsis muaj ib tug compass, khoom noj khoom haus thiab khaub ncaws. Nws yog tsis yooj yim nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm muaj xws li ib tug zoo kawg txawj sau ntawv Alexander Kuprin. Nthuav lus tseeb hais txog nws thaum lub sij hawm nws nyob rau hauv Kiev thiab kev cob cog rua nrog dab tsi Alexander yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav khwv tau ib tug nyob.

Raws li Kuprin ua ib tug nyob

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ciaj sia, Alexander coj li luag tej ua lag ua luam. Nws kom sai sim nws txhais tes raws li ib tug neeg muag khoom ntawm haus luam yeeb, ib tug foreman nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho, kws ntoo, ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm, hoobkas neeg ua hauj lwm, pab kws ntaus hlau, singer. Nyob rau ntawm ib lub sij hawm, Alexander txawm xav tias txog mus rau tawm hauv monastery. Kuprina nyuaj thaum yau, luv luv piav saum toj no, tej zaum mus ib txhis tshuav ib tug cim rau ntawm cov ntsuj plig ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv, uas yuav tsum tau ntsib tus hnyav kev muaj tiag los ntawm ib tug hluas hnub nyoog. Yog li ntawd, nws lub siab xav mus so num lawm mus rau ib tug monastery yog to taub. Txawm li cas los, Alexander Ivanovich twb npaj rau ib tug txawv txoj hmoo. Nws mus ntev pom nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov zajlus teb.

Tseem ceeb sau ntawv thiab lub neej kev yog cov kev pab cuam reporter nyob rau hauv Kiev ntawv xov xwm. Alexander sau txog txhua yam - nom ua tswv, assassinations, kev sib raug zoo thiab pej xeem tej teeb meem. Nws kuj tau mus sau kev lom zem kiag, sau pheej yig melodramatic dab neeg, uas, incidentally, enjoyed loj zoo nrog cov artless nyeem ntawv.

Cov thawj loj tej hauj lwm

Los ntawm nyob rau hauv Kuprina cwj mem maj pib tawm cov loj ua hauj lwm. Cov zaj dab neeg "nug" (lwm lub npe rau nws - "Los ntawm cov nyob deb yav dhau los") tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv xyoo 1894. Tom qab ntawd tuaj ib tug sau ntawm "Kyiv hom", uas muab tso rau nws tsab ntawv Alexander Kuprin. Nws creativity ntawm lub sij hawm hais thiab ntau lwm tej hauj lwm. ib tug sau ntawm zaj dabneeg luv luv twb luam tawm tom qab ib co sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm "Miniatures". Cov zaj dab neeg "Moloch", luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1996, ua ib lub npe rau aspiring sau ntawv. Nws lub koob meej ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom "Oles" tso tawm tom qab thiab "Kawm ua tub rog".

Tsiv mus St. Petersburg

Anton Pavlovich Chehov, ib tug zoo cai rau cov ntaub ntawv, xav nyob rau hauv cov kev vam meej cov ntaub ntawv. Nws tau ntsib cov Kuprin nyob rau hauv Odessa, thiab tau caw nws mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub "Journal rau tag nrho", luam tawm nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg.

Lub nroog pib Alexander Ivanovich tshiab, kaj lub neej nrog ib tug ntau ntawm cov rooj sib tham, acquaintances, revelries, thiab muaj tswv yim ua tau zoo. Contemporaries recalled hais tias Kuprin nyiam taug kev los mus zoo. Nyob rau hauv kev, Andrey Sedykh, Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv, tau hais tias nws nyob wildly, yog feem ntau qaug dej qaug cawv thiab thaum lub sij hawm ua phem heev nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais hluas. Alexander yuav ua neeg ruam, thiab tej zaum kuj txawm siab phem. Ib tug Nadezhda Teffi, txawj sau ntawv, txiav ntaqwm hais tias nws yog ib tug heev txiv neej, txiv neej zoo, thiab tsis yog ib tug simpleton, dab tsi yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag.

Kuprin piav qhia hais tias muaj tswv yim ua si nws coj li ib tug ntau ntawm lub zog thiab kev rau siab. Rau txhua txoj kev vam meej, raws li zoo raws li rau cov tsis ua hauj, kuv yuav tsum tau them cov kev kho mob, qab haus huv, nws tus kheej. Tab sis kev phem tongues pom xwb dab tuag tinsel, thiab ces yeej ib txwm mus lub taug xaiv uas Alexander - playboy, rowdy thiab qaug dej qaug cawv.

tshiab tej hauj lwm

Yuav ua li cas yuav Kuprin tsis splashed nws zeal, nws yog ib txwm tom qab tom ntej booze rov qab mus rau lub rooj. Alexander nyob rau hauv lub exuberant lub sij hawm ntawm nws lub neej nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, sau tau nws tam sim no cult tshiab "Duel". Yuav kom qhov no lub sij hawm yuav nws zaj dabneeg luv luv "Hav iav", "Tus Dawb Poodle", "Shulamith", "Lub tauj ncov loj Rybnikov", "Hav dej ntawm lub neej", "Gambrinus". Tom qab ib co sij hawm, twb nyob rau hauv Odessa, nws ua tiav "Garnet Hlua tes", thiab teem txog kev tsim cov kev series "Listrigony".

Tej lub neej Kuprina

Nyob rau hauv lub capital, nws tau ntsib nws thawj thawj tus poj niam, Davydovoy Mariey Karlovnoy. Los ntawm nws Kuprina ntxhais Lydia. Maria Davydova muab lub ntiaj teb no ib phau ntawv hu ua "Lub Xyoo ntawm cov hluas". Tom qab ib pliag, lawv sib yuav poob sib nrug. Alexander Kuprin sib yuav tom qab 5 xyoo Heinrich Elizabeth Moritsovne. Nrog rau qhov no poj niam nws nyob kom txog rau thaum nws tuag. Kuprina los ntawm nws ob lub sib yuav - ob tug ntxhais. Thawj - Zinaida, leej twg tuag thaum ntxov, poob mob nrog mob ntsws dej. Qhov thib ob tus ntxhais, Ksenia, los ua nto moo Soviet actress thiab cov qauv.

Tsiv mus Gatchina

Kuprin, nkees ntawm lub stressful lub neej, sab laug St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv 1911. Nws tau tsiv mus rau Gatchina (ib tug me me lub zos situated 8 km ntawm lub capital). Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv ib tug "ntsuab" lub tsev, nws hais nrog nws tsev neeg. Nyob rau hauv Gatchina tag nrho cov muaj muaj tswv yim - nyob ntsiag to suburban lub zos, ib tug nraim vaj teb nrog Poplars thiab ib tug dav terrace. Qhov no lub nroog yog hnub no zoo mob nrog rau lub npe ntawm Kuprin. Muaj ib tug tsev qiv ntawv thiab ib txoj kev muaj npe nyob rau hauv nws yawm, raws li zoo raws li ib tug memorial quav hniav thiab ib tug monument nplooj siab rau nws.

Mus txawv teb chaws mus Paris

Txawm li cas los, cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm kev zoo siab tuaj mus rau qhov kawg nyob rau hauv 1919. Thawj Kuprin twb mobilized rau hauv cov tub rog nyob rau sab ntawm dawb, thiab ib xyoos tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov tsev neeg emigrated kom Paris. Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin rov qab mus rau lawv teb chaws cia li 18 xyoo tom qab, nyob rau hauv nws cov laus.

Thaum txawv sij hawm, nyob rau hauv txawv kev txhais ntawm cov ua ntawm lub mus txawv teb chaws ntawm cov kws ntawv. Raws li tau thov los ntawm lub Soviet biographers, nws twb yuav luag forcibly evacuated Dawb Army thiab tag nrho cov xyoo tom ntej yuav tuaj, kom txog thaum rov qab los ntawm, languishing nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv teb chaws av. Ntseeg sim nkaug nws, raug lead lom ib tug neeg ntxeev siab, muaj exchanged lawv teb chaws thiab txuj ci rau txawv teb chaws cov khoom.

Rov qab mus rau lawv teb chaws thiab txoj kev tuag ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv

Raws li heev heev memoirs, tsiaj ntawv, hmoov, uas ua muaj rau pej xeem ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej, uas Kuprin objectively txais lub kiv puag ncig thiab tsim kom muaj txoj cai. Nws hu ua nws familiarly "daus."

Thaum nws rov qab los tsev twb tawg tus txiv neej laus, nws tsav tsheb los ntawm txoj kev nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav qhia tau tias lub achievements ntawm tus Soviet Union. Alexander hais tias lub Bolsheviks - neeg zoo. Nyob ib leeg nws tsis yog tseeb - yog vim li cas lawv muaj nyiaj ntau.

Cuaj kaum, nyob rau hauv repatriation ntawm Kuprin spared. Rau nws, Paris yog ib tug zoo nkauj lub nroog, tab sis ib tug neeg txawv. Kuprin tuag Lub yim hli ntuj 25, 1938 nws tuag cancer ntawm cov hlab pas. Hnub tom qab cov neeg coob coob txhiab ib puag ncig hauv lub tsev ntawm Writers nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Tuaj thiab nto moo colleague Alexander Ivanovich, thiab loyal cov kiv cua ntawm nws ua hauj lwm. Lawv tag nrho cov tuaj ua ke xa nws kawg lus Kuprin.

Childhood txawj sau ntawv A. I. Kuprina, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau cov tub ntxhais uas muaj hnub nyoog ntawm ntau lwm zajlus nuj nqis ntawm lub sij hawm, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv ntau lub respects ua tsaug rau tag nrho cov weathered cov teeb meem nws pom nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Kuprin, thaum yau thiab thaum tiav hluas uas tau nyob rau hauv cov neeg txom nyem, mas yuav kis tau thiab cov ntaub ntawv wealth, thiab koob meej. Niaj hnub no, nrog nws ua hauj lwm, peb ua tau raws li thaum lub sij hawm nws lub tsev kawm ntawv xyoo.