Kev siv cov acetylene. acetylene vuam

Yuav kom to taub qhov twg acetylene yog siv, nws yog tsim nyog los kawm thiab to taub dab tsi nws yog. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog ib tug tsis muaj kob, txais nplaim taws roj. Nws tshuaj mis - C ₂ H _2. Gas muaj ib tug atomic loj sib npaug zos rau 26,04. Nws yog ib tug me ntsis lighter dua cov pa thiab muaj ib tug pungent tsw. Kev npaj thiab kev siv ntawm lub acetylene yog nqa tawm tsuas yog nyob hauv ib tug muaj ib puag ncig. Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog npaj los ntawm calcium carbide los ntawm decomposing tivthaiv nyob rau hauv cov dej.

Yuav ua li cas txaus ntshai acetylene

Daim ntawv thov acetylene tas los ntawm nws extraordinary zog. Qhov no gas ignites. Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau ib tug kub ntawm 335 ° C, thiab ib tug sib tov thereof nrog rau oxygen, - thaum ib tug kub ntawm 297 rau 306 ° C, nrog cua - ntawm ib tug kub ntawm los ntawm 305 mus 470 ° C.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias kev acetylene yog heev. Qhov no twb tshwm sim thaum:

1. raising qhov kub thiab txias rau 450-500 ° C thiab ib lub siab ntawm 150-200 kPa, sib npaug zos rau 1.5-2 atmospheres.
2. Ib tug sib tov ntawm acetylene thiab cov pa ntawm atmospheric siab yog tseem txaus ntshai yog hais tias nws muaj acetylene 2,3-93%. Ib tawg yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kub siab, qhib nplaim taws thiab sparks txawm.
3. Nyob rau hauv cov tib tej yam kev mob, ib tug sib tov ntawm huab cua tawg tshwm sim nrog acetylene, yog hais tias nws muaj 2,2-80,7% acetylene.
4. Yog hais tias lub roj yog ntev nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog tooj liab los yog cov nyiaj khoom tej zaum yuav tshwm sim atsetilenistoe heev silver los yog tooj liab. Qhov no tshuaj yog heev txaus ntshai. Ib tawg yuav tshwm sim los ntawm ntau poob siab los yog raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kub sawv. Ua hauj lwm gas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo.

nta tshuaj

Acetylene, lub zog thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm cov uas muaj tsis qoos taub, tawg yuav ua rau muaj kev huam yuaj thiab mob kev puas tsuaj. Ntawm no yog ib co lus. Nrog cov tawg ntawm ib tug kilogram ntawm lub yam khoom uas yog tso tawm nyob rau hauv 2 lub sij hawm ntau kub zog tshaj thaum tawg ntawm tib kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm TNT thiab ib tug ib nrab sij hawm ntau tshaj nyob rau tawg ntawm ib tug kg ntawm nitroglycerin.

daim ntaub ntawv acetylene

Acetylene - ib tug combustible cov roj, uas yog siv rau cov roj welding. Feem ntau nws yog siv rau cov nplaim taws tej. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias combustion kub ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm cov pa thiab acetylene yuav mus txog 3300 ° C. Vim cov cuab yeej, cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw ntau siv nyob rau hauv welding. Acetylene feem ntau hloov tej yam ntuj tso roj thiab LPG. Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw muab qhov kev kawm thiab weld zoo.

Gas mov noj rau vuam thiab tej yuav nqa tawm los ntawm ib tug acetylene generator los yog los ntawm thooj voos kheej kheej nrog acetylene. Rau cia ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw yog feem ntau yog siv dawb thawv. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv muaj lub inscription "acetylene" stamped nyob rau hauv liab number case. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia hais tias muaj yog GOST 5457-75. Raws li daim ntawv no yog siv rau cov zauv co yaj acetylene kev kawm qib B los yog cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw nyob rau hauv lub gaseous daim ntawv.

Acetylene vuam: xyuas

Raws li cov roj vuam txheej txheem yog heev yooj yim. Txawm li cas los, thaum soj ntsuam txog cov teeb meem yuav tsum tau ua siab ntev thiab mloog. Rau vuam nquag siv tshwj xeeb burners, sau tias 0-5. Nws xaiv nyob rau yuav ua li cas tuab tau welded qhov chaw. Nco ntsoov tias tus loj dua cov burner, qhov ntau dua cov nuj nqis.

acetylene vuam yog nqa tawm tsuas yog tom qab cov khoom no yuav tsum soj ntsuam thiab tom. Yog li ntawd nws yog tsim nyog them sai sai mus rau lub ntsis txaus tooj thiab ib tug roj nozzle, uas yog cov txheej txheem ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub burner caj npab nyob rau hauv lub noob txiv. Koj yuav tsum tau xyuas tag nrho cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj.

Lub vuam txoj kev

Siv acetylene thaum Vuam yuav tsum tau nqa tawm zoo zoo thiab raws li cov kev cai. Yuav pib teeb yuav tsum tau purged roj. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom txog rau thaum ces, kom txog thaum lub tsis hnov tsw ntawm acetylene. Tom qab ntawd, cov roj yog Cov nroj cig cuag. Yog li ntawd nws yog tsim nyog los ntxiv oxygen mus txog rau thaum cov nplaim taws yuav ruaj khov. Los ntawm cov zis iav unit acetylene siab yuav tsum yog los ntawm 2 mus rau 4 atmospheres, thiab ib tug pa - los ntawm 2 atmospheres.

Rau lub vuam ntawm ferrous co yuav tsum tau ib tug nruab nrab nplaim taws. Nws tau kom meej meej tseg crown thiab conditionally yuav tau muab faib mus rau hauv peb tiag tiag li qhov chaw: cov tub ntxhais - kaj xiav xim nrog ib tug greenish tinge, rov qab los tus nplaim taws - ib tug daj ntseg xiav Hawj txawm, nplaim taws. Qhov kawg ob qhov chaw ua hauj lwm.

Ua ntej yuav pib ua hauj lwm, tag nrho cov qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ntxuav, thiab ces kho rau txhua tus lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv lub lag luam, lub burner kuj ua hauj lwm txoj kev rau sab laug thiab txoj cai. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kawg no cov ntaub ntawv muaj ib tug qeeb txias ntawm lub weld. Cov tub lim cov ntaub ntawv uas feem ntau tsiv tshaj lub burner. Thaum tshuav txoj kev tsub kom elasticity thiab lub zog ntawm cov weld. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov nplaim taws yog qhia los ntawm cov weld cheeb tsam. Cov tub lim cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau ua ntawv thov mus rau lub weld pas dej ua ke tsuas yog tom qab lub txav mus rau tom ntej no txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub burner.

muaj kev ruaj ntseg cov kev cai

Kev siv cov acetylene tsis muaj cov kev txawj ntse thiab kev txwv tsis pub. Muaj ntau ntau cov kev cai uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li thaum ua hauj lwm nrog rau cov khoom:

1. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov acetylene nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev huab cua yuav tsum tau tas li saib xyuas. Ua li no, siv cov tshwj xeeb automatic pab kiag li lawm, uas yog tau ceeb toom txog tshaj roj concentration. Qhov no tus nqi yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav ntau tshaj 0,46%.
2. Daim ntaub ntawv acetylene yog txawv heev, tab sis feem ntau nws yog siv rau welding. Thaum ua hauj lwm nrog ib lub taub ntim uas muaj raws nraim qhov no gas, ceev faj yuav tsum tau siv. Nws yog txwv tsis pub mus rau qhov chaw hauv lub thawv nyob ze ib tug qhib nplaim taws los yog nyob ze cua sov tshuab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog txwv tsis pub mus ua hauj lwm nrog thooj voos kheej kheej uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug kab rov tav txoj hauj lwm, thiab yog hais tias lawv yuav tsis taag thiab yog puas.
3. Thaum ua hauj lwm nrog acetylene, siv xwb tsis yog-sparking cov cuab yeej, hluav taws xob cov khoom thiab teeb pom kev zoo tawg-pov thawj.
4. Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug los ntawm ib tug lub tog raj kheej ntawm acetylene, nws yog tsim nyog los sai sai kaw lub valve muaj peev xwm. Koj muaj peev xwm siv uas tsis yog-sparking tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb. Txiav txim seb to yuav tsuas yuav lub suab nkauj los yog tsw.

Yuav ua li cas yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug hluav taws

Kev siv ntawm acetylene yuav ua tau kom tragic txim. Qhov no gas cia li tawg thiab coj ib tug muaj zog kev puas tsuaj. Yuav ua li cas yog tias ib tug tua hluav taws lov?

1. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov hluav taws yuav tsum tau sai li sai tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm qhov kev nyab xeeb cheeb tsam tag nrho cov ntim uas muaj cov acetylene. Cov ntim uas nyob twj ywm, yuav tsum tau khaws cia txias nrog dej dawb los yog ib tug tshwj xeeb compound. Kaw yuav tsum txias kiag li.
2. Yog hais tias cig pa uas tawm ntawm lub raj mis, nws yuav tsum tam sim ntawd kaw lub thawv. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau siv uas tsis yog-sparking ciaj ntswj. Tom qab hais tias, lub peev xwm yuav tsum tau txias.
3. Yog hais tias ib tug muaj zog hluav taws extinguishing hluav taws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsuas yog los ntawm ib tug muaj kev ruaj ntseg deb. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug teeb meem no yog yuav siv lub tua hluav taws uas muaj ib tug muaj pes tsawg leeg uas muaj phlegmatizing nitrogen concentration ntawm 70% los ntawm lub ntim, thiab cov pa roj carbon dioxide 75% los ntawm lub ntim, xuab zeb, dej dav hlau, compressed nitrogen, asbestos daim ntaub thiab thiaj li nyob.