Introduction to tseeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg. References nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg

Cuj txoj kev hlub me nyuam ntawm cov phau ntawv thiab lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov ntawv tseeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaum yau. Cov me nyuam kawm nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm ib tug kuj zoo kawg thiab kev coj tsis ncaj rau cov tsev kawm ntawv, namely - nyob rau hauv kindergarten. Niaj hnub no peb tham txog cov kev taw qhia rau cov ntawv tseeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg: yog vim li cas qhov no muaj hnub nyoog yuav tsis tso dab tsi tsim cov txheej txheem yog zoo tshaj plaws, yuav ua li cas los tsim kom tau ib tug kev sib tham nrog ib tug me nyuam me me, thaum nws los txog rau nyuaj-rau-to taub pawg?

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog, dhau lawm txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg

Familiarization nrog lub tseeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim hais tias cov muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 6-7 xyoo, yog tshwj xeeb yog active nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob theem thiab tsim los ntawm tus me nyuam. Muaj yog ib tug mob gaming qhov chaw, peb yuav pib txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug complex sis ntawm cov neeg. Cov me nyuam ntawm no muaj hnub nyoog, raws li txwv mus cov me nyuam yau, yuav tau perceive thiab to taub pawg xws li kev ua hauj lwm, kev sib yuav, muaj mob, yug menyuam, thiab hais txog. N. Ua ntau yam siv nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm lub luag hauj lwm ua si raws li ib tug me nyuam los ntawm ib hnub rau ib hnub yog ua li mloog tau dluab ntawm lub surrounding ntiaj teb no. Uas yog vim li cas cov kev taw qhia rau cov ntawv tseeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg - yog ib lub sij hawm los mus ua kom cov dluab, hom phiaj, raws li qhov kev kuaj tau zoo dua li sai tau.

koj muaj peev xwm ua tau tej dej siab tshwm sim?

Yog hais tias lub chaw ua hauj lwm yuav tsum ncaav kom zoo thiab zoo, tso zis hauv lub pre-lub tsev kawm ntawv kev kawm lub tsev (Dow), tus me nyuam yuav muaj lub kev kawm ntawv kev txawj ntse ntawm kev sib tham thiab ib co hom monologue hais lus. Tsim kom muaj me nyuam kawm ntawv txaus qhia, cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib txuas lus nrog lwm tus neeg thiab lub xaav ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tiag li qhov chaw tau ntawm tib neeg kab lis kev cai, lub muaj ib theem siab ntawm tus kheej thiab kev txawj ntse loj hlob - tag nrho cov ntiaj teb no txoj kev sib tw, mus cuag uas yuav tsum ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv co-tandem thiab kawm thiab cov niam txiv rau raws li ib tug tshwm sim rau tus me nyuam twb tau mus ntse mus ntxiv lawv cov kev tshawb fawb hauv tsev kawm ntawv muaj relaxed thiab xis. Cov kev kawm tau ntawm cov hom phiaj yog nrog familiarization nrog lub tseeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg.

Local, narrowly teem ua hauj lwm

Nyeem ntawv tseeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav:

• Daim Ntawv ib tug me nyuam pib tswv yim hais txog lub ntiaj teb no ntawm cov ntawv tseeb nta. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tej yam yooj yim, to taub los mus piav qhia rau nws cov theem ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem pawg, paj huam, luag, thiab lawv tseem, muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov ntsiab ntawm cov lus ntawm imagery.
• Tsim ib tug poetic xaav, ib tug siab ntawm kev zoo nkauj, muaj peev xwm paub cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub totality ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus thiab sonority, atherosclerosis, suab paj nruag, cov paj huam. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau zaj paj huam (txog lub caij nplooj zeeg, lub caij ntuj sov, caij nplooj ntoos hlav, lub caij ntuj no, hais txog cov tsiaj, cov neeg laus, cov me nyuam, thiab hais txog. D.), Txawm hais tias yus muaj los ntawm cov kev cai thiab rau cov dab neeg, thiab fairy tales, thiab me me zaj dab neeg.
• Faus txawj saj thiab muaj peev xwm mus ntes tau, to taub thiab txhais tau cov mus ob peb vas ntawm tus piece.
• Faus txaus siab rau tej hauj lwm ntawm kev sau ntawv creativity, muab losis tswvyim dabtsi ntaub ntawv rau txheem ntawm cov phau ntawv thiab hu xov tooj rau nws ib tug lub siab lub ntsws teb.

Yog vim li cas yog tus txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau cov niam txiv?

Raws li twb hais saum toj no, paub cov me nyuam nrog rau cov ntawv tseeb yuav tsum tau koom tes thiab cov niam txiv, vim hais tias yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub hlwb ntawm tus me nyuam cov kev txawj ntse thiab assimilation ntawm tshiab foothold tsuas yog rau cov neeg xib fwb, qhov no yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej rau tej xwm txheej phem. Paub "saib" yuav mus, thiab nws yuav hloov ib tug kws qhia ntawv, uas tus tshiab khiv me nyuam kawm ntawv tej zaum yuav tsis npaj txhij. Nws ua rau maladjustment, mus rau tiv nrog ib tug me nyuam, nws yog tej zaum tsis yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj ib tug uas yuav ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau rau kev kho mob los ntawm cov tam sim no cov kws muaj txuj - psychologist uas nyob tsuas yuav tau los mus daws cov teeb meem. Uas yog vim li cas cov niam cov txiv yog ob qho tib si tas mus li escort ib tug me nyuam nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas nws zus kev txhawj xeeb yuav tsum muab ib feem nyob rau hauv nws lub neej thiab lub tsheb txhob sibtsoo tsim raws li ib tug thwjtim.

Yuav ua li cas kuv yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum xaiv cov phau ntawv?

References nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg - nws yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem, uas muaj peev xwm sib txawv nyob ntawm seb cov views ntawm tus coj noj coj ua, ncaj views ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv-qhia ntawv, raws li tau zoo raws li cov niam txiv. Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub tsev kawm ntawv qhov kev pab cuam, qhov twg neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho cov theem ntawm ib qho pom dab dominates qhov yuav tsum tau kom tsis pub dhau lub allotted txhua xyoo lub sij hawm thiab lub sij hawm los npog cov khoom, txhua yam yog yooj yim npaum li. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsis txhais hais tias cov kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj peev xwm yuav mus "anyhow". On qhov tsis tooj, txhua txhua phau ntawv ua hauj lwm yuav tsum xyuas kom meej qhov kev siv ntawm kev txawj ntse, ncaj ncees thiab zoo nkauj zog. Zaj lus qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg tau yeej ib txwm muab tso nyob rau lub forefront ntawm cov phau ntawv uas:

• Nws muaj ib tug ideological orientation uas yog zoo ib yam nrog cov homphiaj tog ncaj ncees kev kawm ntawv, instills ib tug kev hlub ntawm tus fatherland, tus txiv neej, xwm. Raws li lub ntsiab cim yog ib tug hero nrog ib tug zoo ncaj ncees ua cim.
• Nws yus siab artistic kev txawj thiab kev sau ntawv muaj nuj nqis, uas yog reflected nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug qauv ntawm kev sau ntawv hom lus thiab lub neej ntawm ib tug ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kev sib sau ntawm cov ntsiab lus thiab daim ntawv. Ib tug piv txwv - Pushkin rau cov me nyuam thiab fairy tales, qhov twg lo lus nws tus kheej yog ib daim duab.
• Daws kev pedagogical hom phiaj. Piv txwv li, consolidates kev paub ntawm cov npe, cim, sau phau ntawv tej zaum yuav txawm kos duab, npaj cov zajlus kom thiab muaj tswv yim kev xav, lub tswv yim, nco, hais lus, thiab hais txog. D.
• Txhais raws li muaj-rau-hnub nyoog saib ntawm qhov kev tsim nyog uas muaj hnub nyoog thiab puas siab puas ntsws nta ntawm kev loj hlob, lub neej yaam puab paub ntawm cov me nyuam nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv nyiam.
• Nws muaj entertaining zaj dabneeg, clarity thiab yooj yim ntawm formulation. Piv txwv li, lub Hans Christian Andersen fairy taleas yog hlub los ntawm cov me nyuam niaj hnub no, tsis cluttering nws tej hauj lwm narrative twists thiab koj lem. Nyob rau hauv lub "Thumbelina" thiab peb pom cov kev xav thiab adventures uas tsim tshee thiab linearly, tsis yuam kev tus me nyuam.

pab pawg neeg ua hauj lwm

Raws li cov saum toj no cov txheej xwm, cov nram qab no pab pawg ntawm cov kos duab cov khoom uas distinguished nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no rau kev npaj mus pab pawg ntawm cov preschool cov tsev kawm ntawv, namely:

1. Cov hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus dab neeg thiab kos duab rau ntawm tus neeg ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Feeb, feem ntau active kub siab rau me me ntaub ntawv ntawm cov lus dab neeg, namely, paj lug, sayings, riddles, tim lus sib dhos, zaj nkauj, fables, Pestushko, tso dag, turncoats, tab sis lub credit rau lub npe ntawm cov feem ntau nkawv cov me nyuam ib hom ntawv nyeem nrog lawv thiab muab qhia lub taleas.
2. Cov hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws classics ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau cov me nyuam.
3. Cov hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws kawm ntaub ntawv.

Tus kws qhia ntawv-kawm - lub ntsiab landmark, lub organizer thiab saib xyuas ntawm tus nyeem ntawv

Educator yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias rau lub sij hawm uas thaum yau ntaub ntawv yog tas li tshiab tshiab nrws. Yog vim li cas nws raws li lub taub hau ntawm tus txheej txheem no yog ruaj ib qho tseem ceeb lub hom phiaj - namely, familiarization nrog lub relentless creativity ntawm cov khoom tshiab ntawm tus sau phau ntawv, kho nqi lus ntawm cov nqe lus ntawm cov me nyuam txoj kev nyeem ntawv, cov cais tawm los ntawm nws ntawm obsolete thiab sob khoom, thiab ntxiv tshiab, vibrant, ciaj sia, interesting rau cov me nyuam ntawm cov XXI caug xyoo. Lub competent pab qhia yuav tsum kuj yuav tau nrog cov me nyuam mus rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm txoj kev, hom kev kawm thiab cov cuab yeej, namely:

• kev sib tham;
• hais lus ntaub ntawv nyeem;
• restatement;
• kev paub qhia lo nyeem ntawv;
• theatrical kev ua si-dramatization;
• hais lus didactic kev ua si;
• ntsiab ntawm staging;
• kev npaj ntawm qhov nyuaj algorithms;
• kev tsom xam;
• exhibition tsim, phau ntawv ces kaum;
• qhia heev cov ntaub ntawv uas ua piv txwv schemes thiab t. d.

Lwm yam, cov phau ntawv, thiab ua hauj lwm uas yog tsis superfluous

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias daim ntawv teev cov khoom uas siv rau universal kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg tsis muaj nyob, koj yuav teev cov tseem pom zoo los ntawm cov kws txawj ntawm science kev qhia thiab kev xyaum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, reference uas, ua ke nrog preschool cov me nyuam yuav tsis mus kom nkim. Cov muaj xws li:

• Songs. Piv txwv li, "Thaum Ntxov-thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov ..." "Yuav ua li cas hais txog ib tug nyias kaub puab ntawm cov dej khov ...", "Vesnyanka" nyob rau hauv cov zajlus kev kho mob ntawm Mr. Litvak, "Buckwheat ntxuav" nyob rau hauv lub artistic kev kho mob ntawm Y. Grigoriev thiab lwm leej lwm tus Zaklichki - piv txwv li. "nag, los nag, kev lom zem."
• Lavxias teb sab pej xeem taleas "Lub hma liab thiab cov tshob rau dej" nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm Oa Kapitsa, "Havroshechka" nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm A. N. Tolstogo, "Finist - ntshiab liaj", "Hare-bouncer" thiab lwm tus neeg.
• Poetic tsim yaam tshab: .. Works of A. tseeb, S. Marshak, D. harms, B. Zakhoder, Turgenev, Esenin, thiab lwm yam yog dab tsi rau hauv daim ntawv feem ntau yuav pab ib tug me nyuam ntawm no muaj hnub nyoog systematize cov kev txawj ntse? Ntawm cov hoob kawm, cov paj huam! Hais txog lub caij nplooj zeeg ( "Caij nplooj zeeg, nphoo tag nrho peb cov neeg txom nyem vaj ..." A. K. Tolstogo, abridged), lub caij ntuj no thiab lwm yam caij, txog lub ib ncig cov txheej xwm, hais txog cov neeg - cov me nyuam 7 xyoo ntawm lub hnub nyoog yuav tsis tsuas nyeem, to taub thiab cim, tab sis kuj Ntsuam xyuas cov thawj theem khoom.
• Literata prose: dab neeg ntawm Tolstoy, piv txwv li, lub "Pob Txha", "dhia", ib co tshooj ntawm "Huck thiab Chuck" A. Gaidar, me me nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tiam sis heev witty tej hauj lwm rau cov me nyuam B. Dragoon, namely, "thaum yau phooj ywg" "Sab saum toj down obliquely" thiab al., L. Panteleeva voj voog "dab neeg thiab nas Tamarochka" thiab cov zoo li.
• Tales.

Piv txwv li, Pushkin rau cov me nyuam thiab nws tus naas ej "taleas ntawm Tsar Saltan, ntawm Nws Leej Tub lub Renowned thiab tsis muaj zog warriors tub huabtais Guidon Saltanoviche thiab qhov zoo nkauj os dej dawb ntxhais fuabtais". Bazhov, V. Bianchi ( "Plas", thiab lwm yam) - tag nrho cov sau phau ntawv, nrog rau leej twg tus me nyuam muaj rau lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze yav tom ntej tsev kawm ntawv. Hans Christian Andersen fairy taleas uas tuaj los ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv puas ntawm nws cov hluas thiab menyuam yaus. Yog li ntawd, tus uas tsim nyog kauj ruam yog yuav pib nrog lawv tsim yaam tshab vim txoj kev npaj pab pawg neeg ntawm cov me nyuam, tus zoo cov ntaub ntawv uas rau ib tug muab lub hnub nyoog zoo.