Interestingly, Nika Turbina paub dab tsi ib nqe vaj lug kub los yog syllabic-tonic, thaum cov me nyuam ntawm nws lub qhov ncauj mus da dej verses - cov neeg laus, tu siab, muaj tsis thaum yau yaam puab paub? Tsis yog. Yog, nws ua tsis tau zoo, xws li Pushkin nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov poetic thwmsim. Ib yam li lwm tseem ceeb paj huam. Tab sis lawv twb geniuses, lawv lub txiaj ntsim raug yug los nrog lawv, tab sis txawm lawv kawm paj huam txheej txheem thiab nws cov kev cai. Qhov no yog txawm ntau tsim nyog rau peb, "tsis ntse heev." Hais tias cov paj huam yuav mus txog lub siab thiab lub plawv, koj yuav tsum tau kawm rau kev nyeem ntawv, paub, to taub lyrical ua hauj lwm. Los ntawm cov lyrics, peb cia siab tias lub kiv tshwm sim los ntawm lub coupling ntawm suab, lus, dluab, rhythms thiab lub ntsiab uas tsim ib tug lyrical kev, rau cov uas peb yuav qhib ib tug sau ntawm kwv huam. Thiab ib tug uas yeej hlub paj huam, yuav pab tsis tau tab sis xav yuav ua li cas rau tsim ib tug poetic txuj ci tseem ceeb. Yuav ua li cas yog cov nqe lus, yog hais tias xws zoo tib yam lus sau nyob rau hauv lub slender kab thiab couplets yog tau kov lub deepest cov hlua ntawm tus ntsuj plig? Thiab cov lus paj huam, tej zaum cov feem ntau nyuaj daim ntawv ntawm cov hav zoov cov lus, thiab koj yuav tsum kawm kom paub txog nws. Tab sis yuav ua li cas?
Yuav ua li cas "ua" paj huam?
Niaj hnub nimno psychology paub qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev uas yuav ua hauj lwm, ib tug txaus ib tug uas yog kos rau hauv cov khoom nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no. Yog hais tias yog li ntawd, ces los ntawm cov neeg tau kev pab (ib tug neeg uas perceives), verses yuav tsum tau ib tug muaj tswv yim ua hauj lwm ntawm lub tswv yim thiab lub active kev koom tes ntawm cov cwj pwm txawv, raws li zoo raws li los ntawm nws cov creator. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xav kom koj to taub cov paj huam, peb yuav tsum sim sau paj huam. Tab sis koj yuav tsum paub ua ntej, los ntawm dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas "ua paj huam" uas yog nqe lus no, suab xaus sib dhos, atherosclerosis, thiab lwm yam subtleties "stihopleteniya". Los ntawm txoj kev, tej yam verses, raws li yog lub verses yog tus sau phau ntawv, uas yog tshwj xeeb uas tsim paj huam. Paub nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem Spenserian zaj paj huam, Byron octave Onegin zaj paj huam, Terzetto. Tag nrho cov npe tiam sis lub xeem lub npe ntawm tus sau guessed. Tab sis Dante, uas yees ua Terzetto rau "Divine Comedy" nyob rau hauv daim ntawv raws li peb paub nws hnub no, tsim nyog muaj nws lub npe tsis nyuaj. Dante invention - ib nqe ntawm peb verses (v - kab) uas sib dhos tswvyim 1 thiab 3 kab sib dhos nrog rau ib leeg, lub thib ob - tus thawj thiab thib peb nqe tom ntej no, ces txhua yam yog rov qab. Saib cov piv txwv ntawm cov paj huam: Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tsis yog txhua ntawm lub peb-kab stanzas hu ua terza Rima (li txawv hu ua Terzetto). Cov Japanese haiku paj huam muaj. Nws tseem yog peb cov kab, tab sis yog tsis muaj zaj lus sib dhos. Ib tug tas tus naj npawb ntawm kab tseem yog xam qhovkev octave (8) quatrain (4) distihom (2) thiab monostich (1).
Koj yuav muab cwj mem rau daim ntawv
Pom hais tias nqe lus no, uas yog ib yam ntawm cov nqe lus no, txuas ntxiv nws poetic kev kawm ntawv, kev kawm atherosclerosis, ntau thiab tsawg pab, hom lus sib dhos. Koj muaj peev xwm tam sim no coj mus tus cwj mem. Hu rau cwj mem niaj hnub cwj mem, marker cwj mem, ib lub computer nas. Nws yuav tsum tau! Tsis yog ib yam dab tsi ci ntsa iab, tab sis, yam tsawg kawg, yog slim thiab sonorous. Nws yog qhov tseeb vim hais tias, tom qab thiaj li siv zog npaum, koj pib paub txog qhov sib txawv verses, to taub npaum li cas ua hauj lwm yog tsim nyog qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim ntawm lub masterpieces ntawm Pushkin, Tiutchev, Feta ... Thiab, tej zaum, nws yuav ntshaw kom nrhiav tau ib tug mloog nrog nws ua ntej, thiab tsuas yog vim hais tias ib tug nyiam nqe? Tsis muaj dab tsi yog tsis yooj yim sua! Yog vim li cas tsis npaj ib tug paj huam contest? Lwv rau ib tug poetic nplhaib yog tsis suav tias yog txaj muag mus rau feem ntau eminent paj huam ntawm antiquity, ancient Tuam Tshoj thiab medieval Nyiv. Nyob rau hauv xws kev sib tw rau xyum kev txawj ntse, paj huam ua nto moo thiab muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus lawv xav thiab txoj kev xav.
Tsis txhob hais tias "qhuas"!
Xaus peb me ntsis ce, peb hais txog ib zaug dua nws cov ntsiab tswv yim: qhib lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub poetic ua hauj lwm yog tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis tau pom lub peculiarities ntawm cov kos duab daim ntawv nyob rau hauv uas cov ntsiab lus yog embodied - poetic muaj pes tsawg leeg (stanzas). Rights Lotman, arguing hais tias txawm tias ib tug yooj yim zog "schematic hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg ntxwv regularities" lawm kom peb muaj kev cov originality thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov lyric kab tshaj repetition laudatory cov nqe lus txog lawv ntse heev. Tom qab tag nrho, tsis muaj teeb meem ntau npaum li cas hais tias "muab tshuaj txhuam" (Nws yog tsim nyog rau "qhuas"), yog tsis qab zib.