"Hma nyob rau hauv lub kennels." Dab neeg I. A. Krylova

Qhov no txawj ib hom ntawv nyeem, zoo li ib tug dab neeg, tau yug los 4000 xyoo dhau los. Witty allegorical narrative tas muaj lub niam tswv yim - lub morality. Nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm no ib hom ntawv nyeem thiab coj revived Ivan Andreevich Krylov. Yog hais tias tus thawj fabulists - Greek txawj sau ntawv Aesop, ib tug German txawj sau ntawv thiab playwright ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua Lessing - najnpawb prosaic daim ntawv no, ces tag nrho cov Krylov dab neeg sau nkaus nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub. "Hma nyob rau hauv lub kennels" - ib tug dab neeg ntawm patriotic cov ntsiab lus, sau ntawv nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm tus poj Patriotic ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812 xyoo thaum lub sij hawm ntawm qhov ntxeem tau ntawm Napoleon nws cov tub rog thiab lawv cov ignominious davhlau los ntawm lub battlefield.

Characteristically, nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv txoj kev kawm ntawm no ua hauj lwm yog tsis ib txwm nrog ib tug siv mus rau lub keeb kwm parallels nrog zaj dab neeg, nyob rau hauv uas muaj ob lub ntsiab cim: Stalker - commander Mihail Ivanovich Kutuzov, hma - Napoleon. Tsis tau nws yog precisely nyob rau hauv qhov ntsiab lus teb nws yog tsim nyog los coj "ncaj ncees ntawm zaj dab neeg." Analysis ntawm lub dab neeg "Tus Hma nyob rau hauv lub kennels," feem ntau ua superficially, cov khoom yog hais raws li ib tug fairy taleas txog ib unlucky hma hais tias "xav kom tau mus rau hauv lub nkuaj yaj yog, tuaj mus rau lub kennel." Rose unimaginable suab nrov, dev xav ua rau qhov kev sib ntaus, thiab tus hma nyob rau hauv bay tso, "nws huddled nyob rau hauv ib lub ces kaum rov mus", pib flattering has lug hab los tham txog zoo neighborliness. Stalker tab sis tsis haib haib: nws paub qhov xwm ntawm hma, thiab lub ntiaj teb no yuav mus nyob rau, "tsuas noj ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm lawv."

Artistic txhais tau tias siv los ntawm I. A. Krylovym, kom meej meej cov me nyuam cov cua ntawm cov tub rog battles, lub xeev ntawm lub siab raug daig hma, raws li zoo li kev npau taws inhabitants kennels, uas tsom uninvited qhua. Yog nws tau mus rau ntau vividly piav qhia txog lub confrontation ntawm cov defenders ntawm lub motherland thiab lub tus tsim txom, uas nyob rau thawj kos npe rau ntawm kev nyab xeeb backed down, thiab txawm sim ua kom nws li - tsis yog ib tug hma nyob rau hauv lub kennels? Cov dab neeg - ib tug tej yam me me ua hauj lwm, muaj peev xwm ntawm yam muaj nuj nqes piv nrog qhov kev txiav txim-packed novels los yog keeb kwm novels.

Yuav ua li cas yog tiag tiag "Hma nyob rau hauv lub kennels?" Cov dab neeg qhia txog ib tug tiag tiag keeb kwm fact ntawm lub Patriotic ua tsov ua rog tiv thaiv Napoleon. Paub tias nws tsis yog Lavxias teb sab yeej, huab tais txiav txim siab los ua kev sib haum xeeb nrog Kutuzov. Txawm li cas los, cov kev sib khom lus tsis muab qhov chaw, thiab tej kev sim los mus ua kom kev thaj yeeb yuav raug puas tsuaj vim rau tsis ua hauj lwm. yeeb ncuab pab tub rog twb routed thiab khiav ignominiously, cia kom khov nyob rau hauv lub snows ntawm Russia thiab poob txhiab thiab txhiab tus neeg. Qhov no muaj yeeb yuj thiab metaphorical sau nyob rau hauv ib tug satirical daim duab "Tus Hma nyob rau hauv lub kennels." Cov dab neeg sau nyob rau hauv ib tug nco 1812.

Fabulist muab nws creation rau cov tub rog lub zoo commander Kutuzov. Keeb kwm qhia rau peb tias Michael Ivanovich, yuav round nws rhawv yuav yeej nyeem tawm rau cov tub rog los ntawm lub plawv "Hma nyob rau hauv lub kennels." Cov dab neeg muaj cov lus no: "Koj sir, thiab kuv, kuv tus phooj ywg, tab sis." Thaum cov lus Kutuzov tua thaum twg ib tug cocked lub kaus mom thiab tsom nws gray lub taub hau. Delight thiab kev txhawb ntawm cov tub rog paub tsis muaj ciam teb.

Tus nqi ntawm no dab neeg yog li ntawd pob tshab thiab pom tseeb hais tias sau tsis tau txawm escorted nws mus rau lawv cov tsoos piav - "Lub ncaj ncees ntawm zaj dab neeg yog." Lub ib tug uas defends nws lub tsev thiab nws thaj av, yuav tsum yeej xwb los yog mus rau siv ib co tricks tsis yooj yim sua - hais tias yog tag nrho kev coj tsis ncaj ntawm lub dab neeg "Tus Hma nyob rau hauv lub kennels." Nws yog lub sij hawm. Yog li ntawd nws tseem ceeb rau hnub no.