Lotman Yury - ib tug txawv txawv thiab kaj

Lotman Yuri Mikhailovich - yog ib tug lossis loj lub ntiaj teb no uas yog kev xav uas peb, cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, yuav tsum tau kawm. Txawm tias TV tau ua ib tug zoo deal rau nws versatility thiab complexity tau ua muaj rau cov neeg hais tias muaj ntau yuav tau nyob rau hauv kov nrog lub tob ntawm cov khoom thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm kis tau tus mob, Yuri Mikhailovich tseem tseem yog ib tug paub tsis meej.

Ntaub ntawv hais txog cov me nyuam tseem yau thiab thaum tiav hluas

Cov tsev neeg Mihaila Lvovicha Lotmana, mathematician thiab tus kws lij choj, uas twb muaj peb cov ntxhais, ib tug tub tsis tshwm sim. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1922 ib tug starvation nyob rau hauv Petrograd thaum kawg yug ntev-awaited txais - Lotman Yury. Lub tsev uas nws tau yug, yog heev yooj yim. Nws yog vim hais tias ntawm nws, Pushkin mus rau ib lub duel ntawm uas nws raug coj mortally raug mob.

Rau txhiab xyoo nyob rau hauv Jewish tsev neeg, qhia kev hwm rau cov nqi kawm ntawv thiab cov phau ntawv. Yog li ntawd, lub xya-xyoo Lotman Yury twb raug xa mus kawm nyob rau zoo tshaj plaws lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Leningrad, tam sim no nws tau txais nws cov thawj lub npe ntawm "Petrischule". Nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv no kawm cov neeg uas tau ua ib tug loj loj pab mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai, xws li: PP Vyazemsky, Rossi, Benois, M. Mussorgsky, Decembrist MA Fonvizin, Admiral P. Chichagov thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Tsuas yog nyob rau lub tsev kawm ntawv Lotman Yury yuav tau ib tug sib sib zog nqus-npawv kev kawm ntawv thiab yav tom ntej hais kom ua ntawm txawv teb chaws hom lus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog German, uas Yury paub nyob rau hauv. Thiab thaum cuaj xyoo Lotman Yury perceives science thiab npaj mus rau hauv lub University of Leningrad. Nws tau xaiv tus kws qhia ntawv ntawm Philology thiab nws pauv tus nqi twb sau ntawv nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm eminent philologist thiab folklorist V. Ya. Proppa, uas tau muaj thoob ntiaj teb paub thiab yog nyob rau hauv lub forefront ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kev tshawb xav ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv txaus siab nrog rau txoj kev tshawb ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, ces nws yuav tsum tau paub txog Fabkis.

tsov rog

Nyob rau hauv 1939-1940, nws coj qhov chaw ib tug tub rog teeb meem nrog Finland. Thiab los ntawm lub thib ob xyoo Lotman Yury raws kev coj kom lub Red Army. Raws li ib tug indispensable yam uas nws coj nrog nws ib tug Fabkis txoj phau ntawv txhais lus thiab kawm kom zoo zoo tag nrho cov xyoo ua tsov ua rog. Txij thaum pib ntawm lub ntiaj teb no signalman nws ua hauj lwm pab nyob rau hauv lub artillery pab tub rog, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub forefront, tsis nkaum yog qab uas nws nraub qaum ris. Nws xub sergeant, ces tus commander ntawm lub post office.

Nyob rau hauv 1944, nws muab tsub ob medals - "Rau kev ua siab loj" thiab "Rau Service nyob rau hauv sib ntaus sib tua". Tom qab ib tug mob taub hau nyob rau hauv 1945 Yuri Mikhailovich muab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Red Star thiab cov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Patriotic ua tsov ua rog II degree. Txij thaum nws cov sib ntaus sib tua honors twb muab tsub. Yuri Lotman tas tsov rog nyob rau hauv Berlin.

Demobilization thiab tau pib

Los ntawm 1946 mus 1950 nws ntxiv nws cov kev tshawb fawb, thiab ces tau txais ib qho chaw ntawm senior lecturer nyob rau hauv Tartu, nyob rau pedagogical lub koom haum. Rau nws raws li ib tug Jew rau lwm txoj kev raug kaw. Nyob rau hauv ib tug me me Tartu nws yuav nyob twj ywm rau ib tug lub neej. Ib xyoo tom qab, Yuri yuav ib tug hluas nkauj nyob ze rau nws nyob rau hauv ntsuj plig, uas kawm Lavxias teb sab symbolism thiab tej hauj lwm ntawm Alexander BLOK. Ob xyoos tom qab, nyob rau hauv 1952, Lotman Yuriy Mihaylovich defends nws tswv yim sib cav. Cov ntsiab lus xaiv rau lub sib ntaus tawm tsam cov nom tswv cajceg Radishcheva esthetics nyob rau hauv Karamzin. Ob xyoos tom qab, ua hauj lwm pib thaum lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Tartu, uas nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th ua tsaug rau cov ua hauj lwm ntawm Lotman nws tsis yog tsuas yog npe nrov thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no, tab sis kuj nyob ib qho chaw central nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm Philology. Thiab tag nrho cov no xwb vim hais tias muaj lectured ib tug zoo paub txog thiab tsim ib lub tsev kawm ntawm semiotics. Nyob rau hauv 1961, Yuri Mikhailovich defended nws doctoral thesis rau Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ua ntej lub Decembrist uprising, nyob rau hauv 1963, nws - xibfwb, lub taub hau ntawm lub Department ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv.

Cov neeg siv lub caij 18th - thaum ntxov 19th caug xyoo tau nyob companions rau nws. Nws hais lus nrog Pushkin, ntsuam xyuas kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub neej thiab kab lis kev cai, thiab nws cov lus xaus. Nyob rau hauv 1981 nws luam tawm nws biography ntawm Pushkin. Heev ntawm nthuav cov phau ntawv "Tham txog Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai", luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1993, cia li nyob hauv ib lub sij hawm thaum TV pib nws lub voj voog ntawm lectures rau hauv kev kawm. Phau ntawv no yuav tsum qhib thaum twg nplooj ntawv thiab nyeem voraciously. Lotman lub cim xeeb thiab kev txawj ntse yog yooj yim dua. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv lectures tau hnov nws lectures, tsis paub yuav ua li cas - mloog los yog cov ntaub ntawv. Nco ntsoov, nws yog ib tug mlom.

haus kab lis kev cai

Memory yog suav tias yog Lotman, yog lub siab tshaj plaws kev kawm tau ntawm ob cov neeg thiab cov tib neeg raws li ib tug tag nrho. Hais tias nws yog tus khaws cov kab lis kev cai raws li cov feem ntau zoo tshwm sim ntawm cov tib neeg ntsuj plig kev ua ub no. Culture raws li ib tug cim xeeb - ib txoj kev to taub kev ua hauj lwm ntawm tus paub txog. Phau ntawv tom kawg luam tawm thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej, yog hu ua "Culture thiab tawg." Nws tham txog cov kev cai dab nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm nam, uas coj lub teb chaws mus rau lub fact tias peb muaj tam sim no. Yog li ntawd xav Yuri Lotman, uas nws biography, nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub vicissitudes ntawm kev tsov kev rog - ib tug biography ntawm lub txawj xav.

domesticity

Nrog nws tus poj niam, Yuri Mikhailovich nyob peb caug-cuaj, kuv tau mus los ntawm nws rau peb lub xyoos. Yog li ntawd lawv ntsia, twb ib tug qub tub txij nkawm. Qhov ob peb yuav faus sab ntawm sab. Lawv muaj peb tug tub. Senior ua raws li nyob rau hauv lawv footsteps, ua ntaub ntawv thiab semiotics, lub thib ob - tus artist, cov thib peb - ib tug biologist.

Nws tuag nyob rau hauv 1993 Lotman Yuri Mikhailovich. Nws biography tseem nyob rau hauv lectures, cov phau ntawv, uas nyeem thiab xav txog hnub no xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv nrog nws cov kev xav uas ntxhov thiab kev kub ntxhov.