IB-94 "Abakan". Xyuas, specifications, cov duab. tsis siv neeg Nikonov

Rau lub thoob ntiaj teb caj npab ua lag luam yog yus muaj los ntawm kev sib txeeb, hnav lub caij tsis tshua muaj neeg tsausmuag. Advanced technologically lub teb chaws vying kev kuaj rockets, mines, tej tawg hem, tso tsheb hlau luam, cov dav hlau thiab ships, txhua tus uas muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm zoo dua rival khoom. Lawv sib tw nrog txhua lwm yam thiab tag nrho cov hom ntawm rab phom. Muaj peev xwm mus ntaus nrog lub kawg tus naj npawb ntawm misses, cov tug influences, ua hauj lwm nti muaj nqis mej zeej ntawm lub armed forces ntawm tag nrho cov teb chaws. Peb yuav tau hais khov kho hais tias lub Lavxias teb sab kuaj yog heev sib tw nyob rau hauv no xyov ua lag luam, thiab peb creators muaj peev xwm tsim advanced kev masterpieces ntawm kos duab nyob rau lub verge ntawm cov kos duab.

End ntawm ib tug era "Kalashnikov"?

Lavxias teb sab phom tabtom nyiam lub koob meej ua tsaug rau nws cov deadliness, kev cia siab thiab simplicity. Qhov tseem glaring piv txwv - tus naas ej "Kalashnikov", zus tau tej cov uas yuav tsum tau ib tug kuj tsis tshua muaj nqi, thiab cov nqe ntaus rog cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm yob. Qhov no piav txog cov cim fact tias lub ntsiab tam sim no me me caj npab hauv lub Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog txawm xwm li nyob rau hauv lub xeev cov cim ntawm ib co txawv teb chaws lub teb chaws. Txawm li cas los, qhov no masterpiece nws muaj nws cov drawbacks. Progress tsis tau nres, tub rog kev dictates tshiab uas yuav tsum tau hais tias txhim khu kev qha cov laus AC tsis yeej ib txwm phim. Ib tug ntawm cov tau xaiv rau nws hloov - tsis siv neeg Nikonov IB-94.

pressing teeb meem

"Kalash" - ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuab. Nws muaj peev xwm tua nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam kev mob, los ntawm ncov qaumteb qabteb txias rau cov neeg Asmeskas thaum tshav kub kub. Nws nipochem hmoov av thiab av. Nws yog pheej yig. AK neeg ntaus tam sim ntawd. Tuaj txoos ua ke thiab rhuav txawm tias ib tug schoolboy nyob rau hauv ib feeb. Ntxuav tau, raws li tau zoo raws li roj, yog heev yooj yim. Kheej, meej mom thiab muaj meej mom dua ib zaug.

Tab sis muaj drawbacks. Lawv nrhiav tau nws qhov nyuaj heev kom muaj tseeb hluav taws nyob rau hauv luv luv bursts. Rate (rau puas rounds ib feeb) teev ib siab tau ntawm cov mos txwv. Tshem tawm koj cov ntiv tes los ntawm lub sij hawm tus txhais no yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua rau lub thib ob tawm ntawm lub pob tw yuav siv sij hawm tawm kaum rounds. Koj yuav tua ib, tab sis, ces lub tshuab yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib tug carbine thiab loses nws zoo siv. Ib tug tub rog muaj mus nqa ib tug hnyav load - ammo thiab tshuab raj. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub rog, lub nra hnyav no yog tsis ib txwm tau. Nws yuav raug rho tawm haujlwm los ntawm lub American M-16 ntau meej, tab sis nws muaj ib tug tseem ceeb khuam - qis nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lub "Kalashnikov" cia siab rau. Cov yaj phom muab ob tug zoo ntawm ob leeg - cov neeg thiab kev cia siab? Yuav kom teb tau lo lus nug no sim nyob rau hauv lub USSR, hais tias thiab kev tsis pub leejtwg paub sib txeeb ntawm cov tsim txoj kev loj hlob, code-npe hu ua "Abakan".

Contest "Abakan", 1981

Ua hauj lwm tau pib los npaj rau cov kev sib tw nyob rau hauv 1978, rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib lub xeev commission coj peb lub xyoos. Cov mob kuj tawv. Yog hais tias peb hloov cov famed AK rau ib yam dab tsi lwm tus, ib yam dab tsi tshiab riam phom yuav tsum tsis yog zoo dua, tab sis ntau tshaj li ib txwm qauv rau peb cov tub rog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov suav, thiab ntawm lub sij hawm. Raug - kaum lub sij hawm zoo dua. Nyhav - tsawg. Ntau yam tsim. Thiab tag nrho cov lwm yam tsis yog kuj zoo dua, nyob rau nruab nrab, ob npaug.

Los ntawm 1981, lub finalists raug txiav txim. Lawv engineers los ntawm Tula Korobov, Stechkin, thiab ib tug kws muaj txuj rau me me caj npab ntawm Izhevsk GN Nikonov. Hais tias Gennady Nikolayevich yuav los nrog ib yam dab tsi unheard ntawm kom txog rau thaum tam sim no. Nws hais lub tshuab, lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm uas, raws li lub ntsiab ntawm lub tsim, yog tus recoil momentum txav. Yuav ua li cas yog nws, ces tsis muaj leej twg paub tsuas yog tus creator. Nikonov automatic xwb. Tsim kev tswj kom tsis pub leejtwg, txawm nyob rau hauv cov xyoo thaum yuav luag tag nrho cov Soviet tub rog secrets tau hais mus rau lub "hnyav ntiaj teb no lub zej lub zos." Tiam sis ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv hais tias hauv qab no.

Tests nyob rau hauv cov tub rog

Tom qab kev sib tw tshuab qauv hu ua IB-94 "Abakan" (tseeb los ntawm cov lus no) tau hloov, kho, thiab ces mus kuaj, tsis tsuas nyob rau hauv landfills. Tus thawj tub rog mus rau lub novelty reacted nrog disbelief hais tias, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, nws yog yam ntxwv ntawm tag nrho cov tub rog, thiab tsis tsuas yog ntawm no. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub kawg, thiab cov tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm qhuas nws. Tua lawv tuaj los ntawm ntau yam seeb txaus qhia, nrog rau cov "dag", "zaum" thiab "txhos caug". Cov tub rog tau convinced ntawm high-precision hluav taws. Lub Commission paub tseeb hais tias qhov tseeb hais tias lub automatic IB-94 "Abakan" raws li tag nrho cov tau hais TTD. Peb yuav hais tias tshiab riam phom rau peb cov tub rog muaj nyob rau hauv lub siab. Nws yog "handiness", uas yog yooj yim rau tim ib tug txhais tes nyob rau hauv (ib tug zoo npaum li cas menyuam los ntawm tag nrho cov neeg muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub caj npab, txawm sib ntaus sib tua los yog mus yos hav zoov), yooj yim thiab yooj yim rau ua.

Yuav ua li cas yog pauv zog?

Lwm ca ntawm tus tsim tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv 1985, uas tau muab lub npe ntawm lub teb caj npab AFM, nyob rau hauv uas encrypted ntsiab "ua kom yuam kev", ua siab precision thiab raug - txav zog. Yuav ua li cas nws yog, yog tseem cov pej xeem raws li peb thiab txawv teb chaws, tsis paub hais tias. Raws, koj yuav tau txais ib tug qauv ntawm no tshuab, ntsuas nws tag nrho cov tau ultra-leej pab kiag li lawm, xws li laser, ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws xeem, luj, los mus txiav txim zus tau tej cov ntaub ntawv thiab txawm luam. Tab sis lub ntsiab cai yuav nyob twj ywm ib tug paub tsis meej. Raws li cov designer G. N. Nikonova, siv sij hawm ntau xyoo rau txawv teb chaws lug txhawb cov miv twb tau to taub dab tsi twb tshwm sim, thiab nws muab nws zais cia rau cuab yog vim li cas, tsis xav mus. Peb yuav tsuas txiav txim rau cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm no invention los ntawm cov kev tshwm sim. Thiab nws yog impressive.

"Qab zib Nkawg"

Tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov phom, raws li zoo raws li cov neeg, tau zoo, maj mam tig mus rau qhov tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv kev, lub siab npaum li cas puv siab thiab inefficient tau ntawm cov mos txwv. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias tom qab lub aiming xub cia li nkaum kiag tus txhais, thiab cov thawj mos txwv yoov peb txog qhov twg nws xav. Tiam sis feem ntau yoojyim rau lub thib ob tshuab chim kwv yees li ib thib kaum ntawm ib tug thib ob lub sij hawm, nws yog txaus los mus tshau deviated vim recoil. Qhov thib peb, plaub thiab tag nrho cov tom ntej txhaj tshuaj yog hais tias lawv tau txais qhov chaw, qhov ntau lub caij nyoog tshaj cov zajlus kom. Tus tsim ntawm lub IB-94 "Abakan" muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb shooting hom uas tso cai rau koj mus neutralize lub mauj qhov khuam. Nws muaj peb firing hom: zaug xwb (rau txhais tau hais raws li "OD"), bursts (AB) thiab lwm tug nrog rau lub mysterious daim duab "2". Ntawm no nyob rau hauv no coj tsiferki tag nrho taw tes. Tsiv lub zog nyob rau hauv no txoj hauj lwm, koj yuav tau nco ntsoov hais tias cov ya tawm ntawm lub thoob tsuas yog ob tug txhaj tshuaj, thiab nrog ib tug negligible mas lub sij hawm coj tus nqi ntawm peb lub sij hawm siab tshaj li niaj zaus. Thaum lub rooj sib hais, txawm tsis yooj yim sua kom to taub hais tias muaj ob txhaj tshuaj, lawv hauj lwm ua ke. Qhov kev ncua deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv yog li ntawd me me hais tias tus chim tsis muaj lub sij hawm mus rau depart, thiab nkawd ob leeg ya mus rau aiming point, dag yuav luag tom ntej no lub qhov rooj. Xws li yog cov "qab zib ob peb".

kev koom ua ke ntawm cov mos txwv

Ib tug ntawm cov tej yam kev mob ntawm lub contest "Abakan" yog tus tau siv ib tug unified loj ua munitions. Tsis Siv Neeg Nikonov IB-94 yub ib tug standard chuck 5.45 (ntev 39 hli), uas yog siv rau AK-47 los yog rab phom 74 RPK. Qhov no kuj yog respected thiab rau lub txais tos ntawm lub khw. Koj muaj peev xwm siv peb hom no ntawm caj npab: tus txheej txheem ntawm lub AK-47 (. 30 pieces), ib lub tshuab-phom (. 45 daim) los yog ib tug tshwj xeeb (. 60 daim), nyob rau hauv uas lub cartridges cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv plaub kab. Siv ib tug grenade launcher no kuj tsis yog ib qho teeb meem. Nws yog mounted rau ib tug pas nrig, nyob rau hauv lub thoob, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm pab rau mus rau phau ntawv pas nrig los ua ke mechanism.

niaj hnub ntaub ntawv

Muaj ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov automatic IB-94 "Abakan" yog ua los ntawm heavy-duty yas, uas sib raug rau niaj hnub tiam sis, txiav txim ntawm cov foundations qhia ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov riam phom lag luam. Folding buttstock yog ua mus rau sab xis, uas yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi mus rau ob peb tsim kom raug. Tua ib rab phom yog yooj yim tsuas yog thaum nws yog daim ntau quav tso. Lub mobile receiver thiab ib tug vaj tsev ua los ntawm yas, dhau lawm, hais tias nws txo qis cia li ob lub "teeb meem" rau riam phom xaiv. Txo cov suab nrov thiab firing mus rau 3 kg 850 g ntawm txo phaus. Hlau qhov chaw no yog ua los ntawm steel nrog leej neeg, uas yog tus naas ej "IZHMASH". Riam phom yog tau ua no.

sights

Tus tsim ntawm lub xub ntiag mus rau hauv tus account qhov kev paub ntawm yav dhau los mus kuaj thiab muab tau ntev-lub sij hawm kev loj hlob. Neeg ua haujlwm ntaus ntawv muaj xws li ib tug adjustable pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab lub sights dioptric txiav txim, muab tsib tau txaus (apertures). Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tsib-taw lub hnub qub, uas nws rays cim qhov.

Raug txheem phom ua ke caj npab lo lus uas peb tsis hais lub installation ntawm tshwj xeeb ntawm txoj kev sib ntaus los nyob rau hauv yooj yim tej yam kev mob, tab sis coj mus rau hauv tus account tau tos Nikonov ntxiv kho qhov muag los yog hmo ntuj (infrared) los yog lub collimator pom, rau cov uas sab laug ntawm lub ntsiab pillar yog ntau multi-purpose pluaj.

yam ntxwv ntawm

Automation thov nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub IB-94 "Abakan", raws li nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub qhov quav thiab trehvariantnogo hom ntawm hluav taws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hom xaiv firing bursts (AB), thawj ob cartridges yuav muab nrog ib tus nqi ntawm 1,800 rounds ib feeb, thiab lwm tus -. 600 Br / min. Nyhav riam phom tsawg tshaj li plaub kilograms, nrog ib tug ntev ntawm unfolded taub qab - 943 hli, nrog rau ib tug tais - 728 hli. Lub chim ntev ntawm 405 hli muab los pib tshaj tawm, nce raws li muab piv nrog Kalashnikov tob tob hwj chim thiab raug (mus txog 1000 m). Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub tshuab yog ib qhov zoo. Tab sis ...

Los ua ke-disassembly

Ib tug neeg paub qhov riam phom yog tsis hearsay, thiab muab kom tsim nyog kev qhia ntawv, pom no tshuab rau thawj lub sij hawm, lauj nws rau txog ib nrab ib teev. Yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas nws tau siv rau nws los ua ke, uas yog ua nyob rau hauv lub rov qab kev txiav txim. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no nws yuav mus sai, tab sis cov nyob rau ntawm sufficiently complex qhov chaw thiab steel cable, uas yog tsim nyog los rub lub cov menyuam, yuav tseem yuav tsum tau ib tug ob peb feeb ntawm lub sij hawm. "Abakan" blindfolded lauj-sib sau ua ke, qhov ntau sai sai nws yog tsis yooj yim sua. Qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug "Kalashnikov".

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus designer yuav muab tag nrho cov tau nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav pab txhawb cov kev pab cuam txoj kev. Thawj thiab yooj yim, cia li intuitively muab tshem tawm thiab muab tso rau "vosmerkoobrazny" muzzle nres. Nws yuav tsum cia li tig rau ib tug ib nrab-tig thiab rub tawm ntawm pem hauv ntej. Nyob rau hauv kev, ua ib tug heev zoo nkauj, tsis muaj superfluous paub meej, complexity yog nyoog.

Dhau txoj los yog yooj yim txaus?

Feeb nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov riam phom ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog vim hais tias ntawm nws cov multiplicity yog tsuas yuam ua hauj lwm kom yooj yim. Ntau tshaj ib vam tus xov tooj ntawm cov neeg ua nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej hais tias muaj cov neeg txawv kev txawj ntse qib, thiab yog hais tias cov tub rog yuav tsis tau lug tau sai dlua no artless ib tug tshaj plaws raws li koj tus kheej tshuab, lub inevitable teeb meem. Los ua ke-disassembly "Abakan" binomial theorem tsis tau muaj npe, tab sis kuj hais tias nws yog ib daim ncuav mog qab zib, ib yam nkaus thiab, yog tsis tsim nyog. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov teeb meem no tsis yog tsuas yog Russia. American cov tub rog nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Nyab Laj yog tsuas pub xav tsis thoob peb "Kalashnikov", nws simplicity thiab kev cia siab. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv yuav tau nyiam tau hloov nws nws M-16, dua li cov zoo thiab precision shooting. Yuav ua li cas yog kev siv ntawm cov neeg zoo zoo, yog hais tias nyob kev sib cuag nrog ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm cov av los yog xuab zeb riam phom tsis xav tua? Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus IB-97 yog zoo tshaj li ib M-16. Tiam sis qhov ntau nyuab thiab kim tshaj lub AK.

rov teeb meem

Nws tau los ua tus "Izhmash" muaj puag rau lub tshiab qauv. Riam phom ntawm no hom yuav manufactured ntawm cov nroj tsuag txij li thaum 1988, tab sis yog tag rau tus me qhov ntau, rau qhov tshwj xeeb units ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm. Ib tug txiav txim nyob rau hauv tag nrho kev hloov ntawm lub AK rau lub IB-94 tau txais nyob rau hauv 1997, tab sis rau ntau yog vim li cas, nrog rau ntawm ib cov nyiaj txiag xwm, qhov yooj yim qauv yog tseem tsis tau "Kalashnikov". Nrog rau tag nrho cov quest designer rau simplicity, tsis tau tsis qoos tau nws. IB-94 "Abakan" me ntsis ntxiv nyuab dua nws cov thawj, thiab tsis tau paub daws nrog nws xwb cov tub txawg tau confidently. Nws yog tau hais tias cov tub rog lug tau sai dlua no science, tab sis mus nrhiav nws koj muaj peev xwm cia li xyaum ua tej yam.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug loj-scale re-imposing nyiaj txiag yuav tsum tau them nqi thiab lub sij hawm rau rov qhia dua cov neeg.