Sib Nqus phenomena. Sib Nqus phenomena nyob rau hauv cov xwm

Lub magnetic sis ntawm cov khoom - ib tug hauv paus dab uas kav txhua yam nyob rau hauv lub ntug. Pom nws ces - yog magnetic phenomena. Ntawm lawv yog cov sab qaum teb Teeb, cov hlau nplaum attraction, magnetic los nag, thiab hais txog. D. Yuav ua li cas yog lawv tsis tshwm sim? Yuav ua li cas yus?

magnetism

Lub magnetic los thiab cov khoom ua ke xa mus magnetism. Lawv hav zoov tau paub rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Nws yog assumed tias rau plaub txhiab xyoo dhau los, Suav tau siv txoj kev paub no los mus tsim ib tug compass thiab navigation nyob rau hauv lub naval campaigns. Kev sim kawm thiab tiag kawm lub cev magnetic phenomenon pib xwb nyob rau hauv lub XIX caug xyoo. Ib qho ntawm thawj soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv daim teb no yog xav tau Hans Oersted.

Sib Nqus phenomena yuav tshwm sim ob leeg nyob rau qhov chaw thiab nyob rau lub ntiaj teb, thiab muaj qhia xwb mus raws li ntawm magnetic teb. Tej liaj teb tshwm sim los ntawm hluav taws xob nqi. Thaum nqi yog tseem nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv ib tug hluav taws xob field. Thaum lawv tsiv mus nyob - ib tug sib nqus teb.

Hais tias yog, ib tug sib nqus teb phenomenon muaj tshwm sim nrog lub tsos ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no los yog ib tug alternating hluav taws xob field. Qhov no yog lub cheeb tsam ntawm qhov chaw tsis pub dhau uas ib tug quab yuam rau cov hlau nplaum thiab sib nqus conductors. Nws muaj nws tus kheej kev coj, thiab decreases li qhov kev ncua deb ntawm nws qhov chaw - cov neeg xyuas pib.

hlau nplaum

Lub cev nyob ib ncig ntawm uas cov magnetic teb no yog hu ua ib tug magnet. Tus me tshaj ntawm no yog lub electron. Cov attraction ntawm cov hlau nplaum - nto moo tshaj plaws tej yam ntuj tso magnetic phenomena: Yog hais tias koj muab tso rau ob hlau nplaum ua ke, lawv yuav yog attracted los yog repelled. Tag nrho cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lawv txoj hauj lwm txheeb ze rau txhua tus lwm yam. Txhua magnet muaj ob tug: sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb.

Zoo li tug ua thiab tsis zoo li sawv daws yuav, on qhov tsis tooj, muaj attracted. Yog hais tias koj txiav nws nyob rau hauv ob, lub sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb tug yog tsis cais. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, peb tau txais ob hlau nplaum, txhua tus uas yuav tau yuav nyob rau hauv lub ob ncej.

Muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj sib nqus. Cov no muaj xws hlau, cobalt, npib tsib xee, steel, etc. Ntawm lawv yog cov kua, alloys thiab tshuaj tebchaw. Yog hais tias cov hlau nplaum los tuav cov hlau nplaum nyob ze, lawv thiab lawv lawv tus kheej yuav ua.

Tshuaj xws li ntshiab hlau, ib qho yooj yim kom tau xws vaj tse, tab sis sai sai zam txim rau nws. Lwm yam (e.g., steel) yog magnetized ntev, tab sis khaws cov nyhuv lawm lub sij hawm.

magnetization

Peb tau pom tias tus magnetic teb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub suab ntawm them hais. Tab sis zoo li cas ntawm lub zog yuav ua tau ib lo lus nug, piv txwv li, ib daim ntawm cov hlau dai rau lub tub yees? Tag nrho cov tshuaj muaj xws li atoms, thiab nyob rau hauv uas tus hais yog tsiv.

Txhua atom nws muaj nws tus kheej magnetic teb. Tab sis, nyob rau hauv ib co cov ntaub ntawv, cov liaj teb yog qhia across nyob rau hauv txawv kev qhia. Vim hais tias ntawm no, nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv tsis tsim ib tug loj teb. Tej yam tsis tau yuav tsum tau magnetized.

Nyob rau hauv lwm yam ntaub ntawv (hlau, cobalt, npib tsib xee, steel) atoms peev xwm yuav ua kom lawv yuav tag nrho yuav nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev coj. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tsim ib ncig ntawm lub tag nrho magnetic teb thiab ib tug magnetized lub cev.

Nws hloov tawm, lub magnetization ntawm lub cev - qhov no ordering ntawm lub teb ntawm nws atoms. Rau kev txiav txim no yog muaj zog txaus los ntaus nws nrog ib tug rauj. Liaj teb atoms pib random zog thiab poob sib nqus. Tib yam tshwm sim yog hais tias tus khoom yog rhuab.

magnetic induction

Sib Nqus phenomena txuam nrog tsiv nqi. Yog li, nyob ib ncig ntawm ib tug neeg xyuas pib nrog ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no lub magnetic teb tas tshwm sim. Tab sis nws yuav yog rau lwm txoj kev nyob ib ncig ntawm? Lo lus nug no twb nug ib tug English physicist Maykl Faradey thiab sab rau tshwm sim ntawm magnetic induction.

Nws xaus lus tias lub qhov teb yuav induce ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no, thiab AC - can. Tam sim no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub kaw Circuit Court thiab lub magnetic teb no yog hu ua induction. Lub electromotive quab yuam li yuav sib txawv nyob rau hauv kev faib ua feem rau tus tshaj tawm teb uas permeates Circuit Court.

Qhib Faraday yog ib tug tiag tiag kov yeej thiab tau coj ntau yam kev pab rau manufacturers ntawm hluav taws xob engineering. Ua tsaug rau nws, nws tau los ua tau kom tau txais kev tam sim no los ntawm tus neeg kho tshuab zog. Act outputted zaum ua ntawv thov thiab siv nyob rau hauv lub ntaus ntawv ntawm hluav taws xob motors, ntau yam generators, transformers, etc.

Lub ntiaj teb magnetic teb

Jupiter, Neptune, Saturn thiab Uranus muaj ib tug sib nqus teb. Peb ntiaj chaw - yog tsis muaj exception. Nyob rau hauv dog dig lub neej peb tsis yog pom nws. Nws tsis yog tangible, muaj tsis muaj saj los yog tsis hnov tsw. Tab sis nws yog txuam nrog rau cov magnetic phenomena nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Xws li aurora, magnetic cua daj cua dub magnetoreception tsiaj.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub ntiaj teb loj loj, tab sis tsis muaj zog heev magnet, uas muaj ob tug tug tsis coincide nrog lub thaj. Sib Nqus kab los ntawm sab qab teb ncej ntawm lub ntiaj chaw thiab yog ib feem ntawm lub North. Qhov no txhais tau tias (sab qab teb ncej yog qhia yog vim li cas rau sab hnub poob nyob rau hauv xiav - S, thiab liab qhia sab qaum teb ncej - N) yog ua tau rau sab qab teb ncej ntawm lub ntiaj teb yog lub sab qaum teb ncej ntawm ib tug magnet.

Lub magnetic teb extends pua pua ntawm kilometers ntawm cov ntiaj chaw lub chaw. Nws ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib qho pom dome uas qhia cov haib galactic thiab hnub ci tawg. Thaum lub sij hawm lub kev sib tsoo tawg hais nrog ib lub plhaub ntawm lub ntiaj teb, thiab ntau magnetic phenomena yog tsim. Cia saib nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv.

magnetic los nag

Peb ntiaj chaw yog tau pab los ntawm lub hnub. Nws tsis tsuas muab peb cov tshav kub thiab lub teeb, tab sis tseem provokes xws kaj siab magnetic phenomena xws li los nag. Lawv zoo li yog kev cob cog rua nrog ib qho kev nce rau hauv hnub ci kev ua si thiab cov txheej txheem uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub.

Lub ntiaj teb yog lossi pab cov ndlwg ntawm ionized hais los ntawm lub hnub. Lawv tsiv mus nyob rau tus ceev ntawm 300-1200 km / s, thiab yog yus li lub hnub ci cua. Tab sis los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub ib tug cia li emission ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov hais. Lawv ua rau lub ntiaj teb txoj plhaub raws li ib tug thawb quab yuam thiab ib tug sib nqus teb ywj faj ywj fwm.

Xeem xws nag feem ntau mus txog peb hnub. Thaum lub sij hawm no, ib co ntawm cov inhabitants ntawm peb ntiaj chaw muaj tsis xis nyob. Hloov mus hloov los nyob rau hauv lub plhaub reflected nyob rau hauv peb mob taub hau, siab thiab tsis muaj zog. Tshaj ib lub neej, ib tug neeg tau raug nruab nrab ntawm 2,000 los nag.

sab qaum teb teeb

Tseem muaj ntau tshaj qab ntxiag magnetic phenomena nyob rau hauv cov xwm - sab qaum teb teeb, los yog aurora. Nws manifests nws tus kheej raws li skyglow nrog sai hloov xim thiab tshwm sim mas thaum muaj kev kub latitudes (67-70 °). Nrog ib tug muaj zog hnub ci kev ua si cai radiance thiab hauv qab no.

Nyob ib ncig ntawm 64 kilometers saum toj no lub tug hnub ci them particle thaj tsam tshwm sim nrog nyob deb magnetic teb. Ntawm no yog ib co ntawm lawv yuav muab xa mus rau lub sib nqus ncej ntawm lub ntiaj teb, qhov uas lawv sib tham nrog atmospheric gases, thiab yog vim li cas muaj teeb.

Emission spectrum nyob rau nyob tus yeees ntawm cov huab cua thiab nws sparsity. Liab emission tshwm sim nyob rau ib qhov siab ntawm 150 rau 400 kis lus mev. Xiav thiab ntsuab xim yog txuam nrog ib tug high school cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa thiab nitrogen. Lawv tshwm sim nyob rau ntawm ib qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 100 kis lus mev.

magnetoreception

Cov yooj yim science uas kawm cov magnetic phenomena - Physics. Txawm li cas los, ib co ntawm lawv tej zaum yuav koom nrog thiab biology. Piv txwv li, lub magnetic rhiab heev uas muaj sia nyob - muaj peev xwm mus ntes cov magnetic teb ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Qhov no cim khoom plig muaj los ntawm ntau yam tsiaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog khiav hom. Muaj peev xwm mus magnetoreception pom nyob rau hauv puav, cov nquab, vaub kib, miv, mos lwj, ib co kab mob thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Nws yuav pab taw kev rau qhov chaw thiab nrhiav tau lawv cov tsev, deb ntawm nws rau kaum tawm kis lus mev.

Yog hais tias ib tug neeg siv ib tug compass rau orientation, ces tej tsiaj yog heev tej yam ntuj tso cov cuab yeej. Yuav kom txiav txim raws nraim li cas thiab yog vim li cas nws ua hauj lwm magnetoreception, zaum tau tsis tau. Tab sis nws yog lub npe hu hais tias nquab yuav tau mus nrhiav koj lub tsev, txawm yog hais tias lawv noj tam sim ntawd los ntawm nws rau pua pua ntawm kilometers, kaw nyob rau tib lub noog nyob rau hauv ib tug kiag li tsaus ntuj nti box. Vaub nrhiav tau lawv birthplace txawm tom qab xyoo.

Ua tsaug rau nws "superpowers" tsiaj xav volcanic eruptions, av qeeg txhua, los nag thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj. Lawv yog nyias xav deeg nyob rau hauv ib tug sib nqus teb, uas tsub kom lub peev xwm rau nws tus kheej-preservation.