Fistula - dab tsi yog nws? Fistula kho pej xeem tshuaj. Ligature fistula

Fistula - dab tsi yog nws? Lo lus teb rau lo lus nug no yog pom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tsab xov xwm. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, peb yuav qhia koj vim li cas qhov kev mob ntsws no tshwm sim, thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim li cas nrog nws thiab yuav ua li cas tshem tau nws.

Cov lus qhia dav dav

Fistula - dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv? Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob xyaum, xws li ib tug pathological phenomenon feem ntau hu ua fistula. Lo lus no yog tsim los ntawm Latin "fistula" thiab lus txhais tau tias "raj". Hauv lwm cov lus, lub fistula yog ib hom kab uas txuas cov qog los yog abscess nrog ib qhov saum lossis ob kab noj (ob kabmob) rau ib leeg.

Tshwm sim

Fistula - dab tsi yog qhov teeb meem no pathological, nws zoo li cas? Raws li txoj cai, xws li fistula zoo li tus kwj deg nqaim, uas yog hlua nrog ib txheej epithelial thiab yog nrog cov yam ntxwv secretions.

Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb

Vim li cas cov fistula tsim? Qhov laj thawj ntawm qhov sib txawv no muaj xws li cov hauv qab no:

• Tom qab txiav kev kub ntxhov, pus feem ntau tawm los. Ntxiv mus, cov channel los ntawm uas nws faib, ces nws painlessly heals. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum (piv txwv li, yog hais tias tsis muaj kev ywj pheej tua tag nrho), muaj kab noj hniav (qee zaum txawm nrog pob txha necrosis) nyob hauv qhov tob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, raws li cov "tube" tsis muaj coalesce, tab sis ua rau lub plab purulent fistula.
• Fistulas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm tus hniav (nrog ntev chronicon), dhau ntawm cov pos hniav thiab lub puab tsaig.
• Yog hais tias tus dig muag raug phom yog tsis tawg tsam ntawm cov mos txwv twb zoo tu qab tso nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, cov pob txha, ces tom ntej no mus rau lawv no kuj generated rwj, uas leads mus rau kev loj hlob ntawm fistulas.
• Qhov kev hloov no feem ntau yog tsim los tom qab cov kev ua haujlwm nrog kev pabcuam ntawm cov kab txaij ze lub ligatures (xws li, cov xov siv rau cov ntaub so ntswg, cov hlab ntsha, thiab lwmyam). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj ib tug ligature fistula.

Hom fistulas ntawm qhov chaw

Ua ntej koj pib kho qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab tias nws zoo li. Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj ua qhov no, vim qhov kev cais no yog nyob ntawm, ua ntej txhua yam, ntawm qhov chaw:

• Gastric fistula. Tus kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab phais mob (piv txwv li, tom qab resection ntawm lub plab tseem ceeb hauv lub cev).
• Lub plab ntswj fistula.
• Fistula anorectal. Xws li qhov txawv txav yog pom los ntawm cov kab mob pathological los ntawm lub qhov quav (los yog qhov quav) rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
• Pararectal fistula. Mus tawm sab nraud los ntawm qhov muag lo rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
• Rectovaginal fistula. Nrog rau tus kabmob no, tus kab mob rectovaginal septum yog puas.
• Duodenal, los yog hu ua hnyuv quav fistulas. Qhov no yog lub kwj deg, los ntawm duodenum.
• Fistula bronchial. Xws li ib qho kev sib txawv yog los ntawm ib lub ncauj lus ntawm cov lumen ntawm lub bronchus nrog cov pleural cavity.

Hom fistula vim qhov tsos

Kiag li tej fistula (daim duab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia hauv tsab xov xwm no) tuaj yeem tso dej num raws li hauv qab no:

• Tau txais. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, xws li ib tug tshwm sim tshwm sim raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm suppuration (e.g., hniav fistula nrog mob periodontitis) los yog loj kab mob xws li osteomyelitis los yog tuberculosis.
• Congenital. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, fistulas tshwm sim los ntawm malformations (puj ntaws, caj dab, lwm yam)
• Tsim artificially. Xws li cov kev hloov ua tom qab phais mob (piv txwv, lig fistula).

Hom fistulas los ntawm kev sib tiv tauj nrog ib puag ncig

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, xws li ib tug pathological phenomenon yuav ua tau:

• Sab nraud, uas yog, ncaj qha mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij (piv txwv, fistula ntawm lub qhov quav).
• Internal, uas yog, tsis yog sib txuas lus nrog rau sab nraud, tiam sis kom txuas mus rau cov kab uas nyob ib puag ncig (piv txwv, bronchopiscous fistula).

Hom fistula los ntawm qhov xwm ntawm daim card, uas ntawm lawv sawv tawm

Cov fistulas muaj xws li:

• Purulent;
• Mucous daim nyias nyias;
• Biliary;
• Urinary;
• Quav, thiab lwm yam.

Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob

Daim duab saib mob ntawm ib qho kev mob ntsws no nyob ntawm thawj zaug, tag nrho ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub fistula thiab qhov ua rau lawv pom.

Yog li, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob no (sab nraud) yog qhib rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ntawm uas kua tso tawm. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov pom ntawm fistula yuav dhau los ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov chaw no, los yog kev mob ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv nyob ze thiab kabmob, lossis kev phais kev phais.

Xws li hauv fistulas, feem ntau lawv tshwm sim vim muaj teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob ntev lossis mob. Piv txwv li, gallstones feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev ua rau ntawm cov ducts ntawm lub pob zeb. Hauv qhov no, cov tsos mob ntawm qhov txawv txav yog nyob ntawm seb tus kab mob uas tau tso tawm rau hauv lub qhov ntswg. Yog li, tus neeg mob muaj peev xwm hnov mob heev thiab qhia tau mob ntawm cov hnyuv.

Broncho-oesophageal fistulas feem ntau yog nyuab los ntawm kev noj cov zaub mov hauv cov ntoo hauv tracheobronchial. Qhov tseeb no ua rau txoj kev xav ntawm kev nqos mob ntsws (pneumonia) lossis mob ntsws (bronchitis) nrog rau cov paib.

Fistula ntawm qhov quav yuav txiav txim tau los ntawm cov tsos mob nram qab no:

• Nws muaj qhov pom ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm lub qhov tawv nqaij (ntawm daim tawv nqaij). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus neeg mob yuav muaj ntau paug ntawm pus, nyob rau hauv kev txuas nrog uas nws yog yuam kom tas li hnav ib gasket thiab tsis tu ncua mus da dej.
• Hlov hauv qhov quav. Raws li txoj cai, xws li kev hnov mob yog khaus ntau rau thaum lub sij hawm ncua, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv pom meej tuaj.

Fistula ntawm cov pos hniav yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tej yam xws li:

• Tuaj txhais lus ntawm cov hniav;
• Qhov mob ntawm cov hniav, uas nce thaum lub sij hawm kov;
• Purulent discharge.

Txoj kev kuaj mob

Yog tias koj saib tsawg kawg ib ntawm cov lus sau qhia saum toj no, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob kom paub tseeb. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tsis muaj teeb meem tshwj xeeb hauv kev kuaj mob xws li kev sib txawv. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog raws li qhov sau los ntawm anamnesis, kev kawm txog cov yam ntxwv tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov neeg mob, hom fistula, kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov kab sau thiab cov dej ntawm cov kua tso tawm, thiab qhov hloov ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob uas raug cuam tshuam.

Kom paub meej txog qhov kev taw qhia thiab qhov ntev ntawm lub fistula, thiab nws txoj kev txuas ncaj qha nrog kev ua kom pom tseeb, feem ntau nws siv lub suab nrov thiab kev kos duab nrog rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm tus neeg sawv cev sib txawv nyob rau hauv zaj.

Los ntawm txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem paub meej qhov mob "gastric fistula" nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm muaj cov hydrochloric acid. Yog tias nws nyob rau hauv cov kwj deg, nws qhia tias qhov chaw plab mog ntawm lub fistula. Tab sis qhov fistula tso zis yog thaum muaj cov kab mob uric acid.

Nws yuav tsum tau qhia tshwj xeeb tias cov fistulas sab nraud yog yooj yim rau kev kuaj mob dua sab hauv. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv qhib uas pom tau los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob nrog lub qhov muag liab qab. Xws li hauv fistulas, lawv yuav tsum tau kuaj pom thiab tsis txaus siab ntawm tus neeg mob, tiam sis kuj yog los ntawm txoj kev kuaj pom xws li ultrasound, radiography thiab endoscopy.

Fistula: kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj

Kev kho ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj sab nraud fistulas yog ua raws li:

• Kev kho mob hauv zos;
• Kev kho tshuaj dav dav;
• Ua haujlwm.

Cov kev kho hauv zos txhais tau hais tias kev kho mob ntawm lub qhov txhab tsim, thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm cov teebmeem kua dej uas tawm ntawm cov kwj deg. Piv txwv, yog hais tias lub fistula nyob rau ntawm ceg, plab, thiab lwm yam, ces thaj chaw purulent yog kho nrog ntau tus neeg ua hauj lwm (tshuaj pleev, tshuaj txhuam thiab hmoov). Lawv siv rau ntawm qhov qhib kev ntawm cov kwj deg, uas tiv thaiv kev sib chwv ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog kua paug, hnoos, thiab lwm yam.

Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj siv tshuaj muaj cuab kav yuav siv tau los tshem tawm cov tsom ntawm cov nqaij tawv sab nraud los ntawm kev txo cov pob txha los ntawm lub fistula. Ua li no, nws tau hais kom siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (proteolytic enzymes) (piv txwv, Gordoks, Kontrikal, thiab lwm yam).

Mechanical txoj kev tiv thaiv cov tawv nqaij yog feem ntau tsom rau kev txo los yog tag nrho nres kev tawm ntawm cov kwj deg nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.

Rau kev kho mob ntawm purulent thiab lwm yam fistulas, lawv tas li siv nrog ib tug antiseptic daws.

Cov ntawv zais zaws hauv pas hlais feem ntau raug kaw ntawm nws tus kheej tom qab tshem tawm qhov ua rau lawv tshwm sim (piv txwv, tshem tawm ntawm pob txha sequester, ligature, thiab lwm yam). Tab sis lub fistulas tsis haum yeej tsis dhau los ntawm lawv tus kheej. Txhawm rau kho xws li txawv txav, tsuas yog phais kev pab rau lawv cov excision, suturing ntawm sab nraud qhib los yog resection ntawm lub cev raug cuam tshuam.

Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qee cov neeg mob phais plhu yog tsim kom muaj tus neeg mob noj zaub mov, los yog thim daim ntawv tso cai los ntawm ib qho hauv nruab nrog cev. Cov kev no tuaj yeem yog mus tas li lossis ib ntus. Tom qab tus neeg mob qhov kev mob zoo lawm, txoj kev mus ib ntus yuav raug kaw kev phais.

Ntxiv nrog rau sab nraud, artificially tsim thiab sab hauv fistula (interorgan). Raws li txoj cai, lawv raug yuam rau ib lub sijhawm ntev, lossis rau lub neej.

Fistula kho pej xeem tshuaj

Ntawm chav kawm, kev kho ntawm xws li ib tug sib txawv xav tau yuav tsum sab laj nrog ib tug kws kho mob txog tej. Xwb, nrog kev tsis kho thiab tsis kho, fistula tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj uas yuav ua rau tib neeg muaj sia.

Tab sis, txawm tias qhov no tseem ceeb, cov khoom siv ntawm lwm cov tshuaj tseem siv ntau txoj kev pej xeem kom kaw cov fistula tsim. Cia peb xav txog qee yam ntawm lawv ntxiv.

Kev kho mob ntawm ligature fistula nrog kev pab ntawm aloe

Rau qhov kev npaj ntawm medicinal khoom, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau noj 10-12 fleshy xib tes los ntawm lub tuaj cog, thiab ces ntxuav lawv nyob rau hauv sov boiled dej. Tom ntej, lub aloe yuav tsum yog finely tws thiab muab tso rau hauv ib liter hub. Nyob rau hauv lub tank, koj yuav tsum tau ncuav 300 g ntawm tej zib mu, nws tsis yog npog thiab muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw tsaus rau 7-10 hnub. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, tom qab 4-5 hnub, nws yog ntshaw kom sib tov lub zoo zoo. Nyob rau hauv xaus, tincture yog yuav tsum tau lim ob peb zaug thiab noj on ib dessert diav peb zaug ib hnub twg.

Ointment ntawm sab nraud fistula

Qhov no tshuaj pleev yog zoo rau kev kho thiab kev kho mob ntawm fistula chaw mos thiab qhov quav. Ua li no, peb xav tau ib hom tshuaj ntsuab kua txob, tawv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo qhib, lard thiab flaxseed paj. Tag nrho cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum yog crushed, thiab ces muab tso rau hauv ib lub tais thiab sai li sai tau poured nrog melted lard. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, qhov ratio ntawm roj thiab nyom yuav tsum yog ib mus rau ob.

Tom qab qhov kev ua tiav nws yuav tsum muab cov tais diav sau rau hauv qhov cub thiab tig rau ntawm qhov hluav taws qeeb. Nws yog ntshaw kom sov so ointment tsawg kawg 7-11 xuab moos. Thaum kawg, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau txias hauv chav sov. Txoj kev ntawm kev kho mob nrog xws li ointment yog yooj yim heev. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum ua ib lub paj rwb nplaum, nplaum nplaum nws nrog lub cuab tam, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau lub nrig qhib. Hloov cov ntaub qhwv zoo dua txhua tsib teev.

Decoctions los ntawm sab nraud fistulas

Infusions thiab decoctions ntawm medicinal chamomile yog siv tsuas yog externally - rau rinsing qhov. Rau lawv cov kev npaj, noj 1 loj spoonful ntawm qhuav paj, brew lawv nrog ib khob ntawm boiling dej, thiab ces insist rau 60 feeb thiab lim.

Tsis tas li ntawd, rau ntxuav fistulas thiab ua compresses, decoctions tau los ntawm calendula yog siv.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Tam sim no koj paub tias yuav ua li cas kho fistula, nws yog dab tsi, yog vim li cas nws tshwm sim. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev nrhiav tau yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob sib kis. Ntxiv mus, nws yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai ntawm asepsis thaum lub sijhawm phais mob.

Thaum xav txog kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlab ntaws hauv lub cev, nws tsis yooj yim sua, vim hais tias tus kab mob tshwm sim hauv thawj peb lub hlis cev xeeb tub.