Electrostatic tshuab - ua hauj lwm hauv paus ntsiab lus. Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau cov electrostatic tshuab nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes

Electrostatic tshuab ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug tas mus li qhov chaw ntawm hluav taws xob lub zog. Qhov no ntaus ntawv yog feem ntau siv raws li ib tug pab rau demonstrations ntawm ntau yam hluav taws xob phenomena thiab los. Tab sis dab tsi yog nws tsim thiab nta?

Tej keeb kwm tsim

Electrostatic tshuab tsim nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb txhiab yim puas rau caum-tsib xyoo lub yim hli ntuj Toepler, German physicist. Curiously, heev ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm lwm cov kev sim paub txog Vilgelm Golts nws invented ib tug zoo li tsim, tab sis txawm ntau zoo meej, raws li nws tso cai rau lub tshuab kom tau siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tej sib txawv thiab yuav pab raws li ib tug qhov tam sim no qhov twg los. Dhau li goltsevskaya tsheb nws yog ntau yooj yim nyob rau hauv tsim. Qhov kawg ntawm lub puas tawm xyoo English experimentalist nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm hluav taws xob thiab mechanics Dzheyms Vimshurst zoo unit. Thiab hnub no nws yog nws kev xaiv (albeit ib tug me ntsis ntau niaj hnub) siv los qhia electrodynamic thwmsim, vim lub peev xwm los tsim ib tug lossis loj sib txawv nyob rau hauv tej zaum ntawm lub lolus. Electrostatic tshuab lawm twb nyob rau hauv lub forties ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua kawm Joffe lub npe, uas tau tsim ib tug tshiab hom ntawm electrostatic generators rau lub hwj chim X-ray tshuab. Txawm tias Vimshursta tshuab tsis siv rau direct zus tau tej cov hluav taws xob lub zog teeb meem, nws yog ib tug keeb kwm yam cuav, uas illustrates keeb kwm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm engineering thiab scientific thiab cov kev kawm.

Cawv tshuab tsim

Qhov no ntaus ntawv muaj ob discs uas tig rau opposite qhia. Ua hauj lwm cawv tshuab yog precisely qhov kev siv ntawm cov double-yeej tig. Lub disks cov txheej txheem raug rho tawm conductive feem los ntawm ib lwm. Nrog daim hlau ntawm ob sab ntawm disk capacitors yog tsim. Uas yog vim li cas lub electrostatic tshuab hu tej zaum ua ib tug capacitor. Lub disks cov txheej txheem converters, uas tshem tawm cov nqi los ntawm cov lus rov disc ntsiab mus rau hauv av ntawm lub txhuam. Lolus yog mus rau sab laug thiab txoj cai. Hais tias lawv tuaj zuag ntsis plaub hau los ntawm cov rear thiab pem hauv ntej disc generated Pib ntsais koj teeb.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub tsev txhab nyiaj Leiden?

Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, cov nqi sau rau cov capacitors. Lawv hu ua lub tsev txhab nyiaj Leiden. Ces tej zaum ua si ib zog npaum li cas ntswg thiab sparks. Lub sab hauv electrode ntawm txhua capacitor kev cob cog rua rau conductors nyias. Txhuam, uas muaj feem rau ib tug disk sector, nrog rau lub puab hauv ob sab phlu ntawm cov kaus poom ntawm Leiden. Tag nrho cov qauv yog hnub no mounted rau yas stands. Ua ke nrog leydenovskimi ntug dej ntawm lub tshuab tsau rau lub hauv paus ntawm tsob ntoo. Muab lub visibility ntawm tsim, electrostatic tshuab nrog lawv tus kheej txhais tes yuav ua tau heev yooj yim. Txawm tias ib tug neeg uas tsis muaj kev tshwj xeeb kev kawm ntawv, nws tau sau thiab siv rau nws tus kheej Library.

Nws raws li cawv tshuab ua hauj lwm?

Siv kev sib nrig sib zog ntawm ob lub discs - qhov no kuj yog ib tug tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv no ntaus ntawv. Cov nyhuv ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub peev xwm sib txawv, thiab ces ntswg thiab sparks mus txog qhov tseeb sector txoj hauj lwm. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, muaj txoj kev loj hlob, siv thiab huv si discs, tab sis xws efficiency lawv tsis muab tawm. Tej designs yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub me me kawm ua noj. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub discs nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv raws li electrostatic tshuab, plays ib tug tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm thiab muaj ib tug tseem ceeb feem rau tau raws li lub yuav tsum tau voltage thoob plaws lub capacitors.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub ntsiab cai ntawm lub lag luam ntawm lub tshuab?

Electrostatic tshuab txij li thaum nws tsim (thiab qhov no yog qhov pib ntawm lub xyoo pua) twb dim ntau yam hloov. Tab sis lub tswv yim yooj yim yuav. Lub hauv paus rau tus tsim ntawm lub tshuab yog ib tug disk nrog Glued daim hlau (hlau ib daim hlab). Nrog ib tug tej yam cov neeg kho tshuab quab yuam ntawm ib tug siv tsav, lawv yuav tsum tau tig nyob rau hauv txawv kev qhia opposite rau txhua lwm yam. Nyob rau ib lub phaj ntawm cov disk muaj yog ib tug zoo xwb. Nws yuav nyiam rau nws tus kheej lwm them nyiaj (tsis zoo). Zoo mus txog tus neeg xyuas pib nrog txhuam (converter), uas kev txhawj xeeb rov qab electrode. Tig lub dial tau cov nqi zoo xws li cov thawj. Tab sis lawv yuav cuam tshuam rau lwm yam electrode. Muab hais tias cov log tsheb tig nyob rau hauv opposite lus qhia, cov nqi yog flocking mus rau lub lolus. Xws li ib tug ua qauv qhia apparatus li electrostatic tshuab, nws yog ib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam yog ua raws li no. Thaum ob leeg disc txhuam, uas yog tsis muaj feem xyuam rau lawv nto thiab yog nyob rau ntawm cov npoo, cov nqi ntawm tej taw tes ua thiaj li loj loj uas airspace neej puas tshwm sim, thiab ib tug hluav taws xob muaj jumps. Uas yog vim li cas lub lolus yuav kev cob cog rua rau lub ntxiv capacitors ntawm txawv daim ntawv Tuition Waiver uas yuav muab rau zoo nkauj heev nyhuv ntawm tshwm sim ntawm tawm.