Cov peev ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws: Keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus

Raws li tau piav nyob rau hauv cov lus dab neeg uas cov ancient Iyiv pov thawj Manetho sau rov qab nyob rau hauv III- IV txhiab BC thiab lub Lower thiab Upper tim lyiv teb chaws yog ib tug xeev. Thiab lawv ciam tuaj lub capital ntawm ancient tim lyiv teb chaws - lub legendary Memphis. Tom qab ntau pua xyoo ntawm lub union ntawm no ob lub xeev tsis yog. Tim lyiv teb chaws dua ib zaug muab faib. Cov peev ntawm Upper tim lyiv teb chaws los ua Thebes, rau ntawm qhov chaw uas yog niaj hnub Luxor.

Alexandria - lub peev ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws

Vim nws chaw nyob yog heev attracted conquerors tim lyiv teb chaws, vim hais tias cov neeg uas lub teb chaws twb niaj ib tug hloov, thiab tshiab capital, disappearing nrog lub sij hawm. Tom qab cov Axilia kov yeej lub teb chaws ntawm lub Thracians thiab lub Greeks coj los Aleksandrom Makedonskim. Makadaunias txoj cai tim lyiv teb chaws tau muab nws tus phooj ywg Ptolemy. Nyob rau hauv gratitude, Ptolemy txiav txim siab los immortalize lub npe ntawm ib tug phooj ywg, thiab nrhiav tau ib tug tshiab lub nroog. Alexandria - lub peev ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws - los ua qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb no kab lis kev cai ntawm lub sij hawm. Ptolemy successors hloov txhua lwm yam. Ntawm no yog tus uas kav Velikaya Kleopatra, tus ntawd yog Xixas charmed nrog lawv zoo nkauj thiab txawj ntse. Tom qab lub conquest ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws los ntawm lub Greeks los ua ib tug xeev ntawm Rome, thiab ces rau ib lub sij hawm ntev yog ib feem ntawm lub Byzantine Empire.

Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm Cairo

Tim lyiv teb chaws yog tsis ib tug Arab lub teb chaws. Ib tug tshiab milestone nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws pib nrog lub advent ntawm Islam. Cov koom pheej kov yeej los ntawm Byzantium lub teb chaws ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws, qhia cov Arabic lus thiab Islam. Cov ancient capital ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm al-Fustat. Tab sis nws yog tsis mus tseg rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm no li cas. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub as Caliphate, lub tshiab lub xeev ntawm lub Fatimids twb nrhiav tau, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob ntawm North Africa. Lub Fatimids kov yeej tim lyiv teb chaws thiab nrhiav tau muaj hauv lub nroog ntawm Al-Qahira, uas tau los ua tus capital ntawm lub teb chaws. Lub nroog lub npe txhais tau tias "lub nroog ntawm yeej". Yog li, nyob rau hauv 969, nws twb nrhiav tau Cairo - capital ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws lub sij hawm no.

Cairo yog tsis yog ib tug loj lub nroog, thiab ib tug kuj zoo kawg thiab populous metropolis. Qhov no lub nroog yog ib lub tsev mus rau ntau tshaj li 14 lab. Txiv neej. Nyob rau hauv Cairo muaj yog ib tug sib tov ntawm ntau yam architectural yeej, los ntawm classical mus rau feem ntau niaj hnub. Capital ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws, Cairo, uas nws lub npe txhais tau tias "lub nroog ntawm ib txhiab minarets" - ib tug heev zoo nkauj thiab contrasting nroog. Nws pom qhov txawv feature yog lub juxtaposition ntawm cov neeg txom nyem thiab cov khoom kim heev. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau ntau yam minarets thiab monuments, lub nroog muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm kev lag luam nrog souvenir khw uas muaj cov khoom, symbolizing tim lyiv teb chaws thiab nws cov keeb kwm. Txwm ntawm lub nroog thiab nws cov ntsiab architectural attraction yog lub citadel, uas yog ib tug defensive qauv. Nws ua tau ntau tshaj peb caug xyoo, thiab nws yog npaj txhij tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub XIII xyoo pua. Attraction yog lub capital ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws thiab nws cov mosque. Txhua yam ntawm lawv nws muaj nws tus kheej yav dhau los. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog cov mosque Muhammeda Ali.

Cairo yog nyob rau hauv lub tam sim ntawd cheeb tsam ntawm lub cim Iyiv pyramids thiab lub Sphinx, li ntawd, nws yog heev nrov thiab txaus nyiam mus ncig tebchaws lo lus uas peb mus ncig tebchaws.