Bazarova kev sib raug zoo mus rau qhov. "Txiv thiab tub": yam ntxwv Bazarov

Turgenev, nws tus kheej ib tug noble keeb kwm, xeeb portray nws cim unattractive, ua kom pom tseeb nyeem 'xim rau lub callousness ntawm nihilists. Thiab tus piv ntawm Bazarov rau qhov xwm ntawm tus clearest marker ntawm tus sau lub tswv yim.

Keeb kwm ntawm creation

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev - txawj sau ntawv, uas nws pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 yog luag immeasurable. Thiab tsis muaj zem tus tshiab "txiv thiab tub" yog ib tug software khoom ntawm tus txawj sau ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1860 muaj ib tug tshiab lub tswv yim. Ua ntej nws hais tias nws nyob rau hauv ib tsab ntawv mus Turgenev EE Lambert zaj lus hais txog nws lub tswv yim raws li ib tug "loj zaj dabneeg." Tus kws sau ntawv npaj kom tiav txoj hauj lwm sai sai, tab sis nws eluded nws rau lub hlis tom qab. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tus tshiab tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj-Lub yim hli ntuj 1861.

Tab sis qhov kawg kev npaj rau cov ntawv qhia tsuas ua kom tiav nyob rau hauv 1862. Ntau Turgenev Roman tsis muaj kev cai, tsuas yog tshem tawm uas tsis.

Turgenev lub tswv yim hais txog nws tshiab

Ib tug ntawm cov khoom ntawm "txiv thiab tub," tus sau tau mob siab hais V. G. Belinskomu. Qhov no Turgenev tshaj tawm hais tias muab siab npuab lub tswv yim txuam nrog lub npe ntawm tus poj Lavxias teb sab critic thiab groundless accusations uas rained cia nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw nyob los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab revolutionary Democrats, uas yog tias lub duab ntawm Bazarov Turgenev xav portray lawv raws nraim. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub mob siab, Turgenev xav kom muab tso rau ib tug phau mus rau tus tshiab, tab sis nws cov phooj ywg dissuaded.

kev sib tham ntawm tus tshiab

Tshiab muaj ib tug loj teb nyob rau hauv lub zej zog. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawv xov xwm tau los mus ua tawm cov khoom khoom thiab cov nplooj ntawv.

"Txiv thiab tub" tshwm sim los ib tug ntau ntawm controversy cov ob adherents ntawm Turgenev, thiab kev nom kev tswv tw. Xaiv heroes Democrat-materialist rejects tus noble kev lig kev cai thiab tshaj tawm tshiab hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg, cov kws ntawv muaj peev xwm qhia cov universal nqi ntawm cov tshiab hom phiaj, uas yog tseem tsuas pib los mam. Bazarov - tus tshiab tiam ntawm hero, nws aroused kev txaus siab thiab controversy.

Yog li, Turgenev tau tso tawm nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv, qhov teeb meem ntawm nws lub sij hawm, muab ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov teeb meem, feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm thiab qhov xwm ntawm tus "lub neej tshiab", ib tug tib neeg daim duab.

Lub system tshiab dluab

Lub protagonist ntawm "txiv thiab tub" yog tus ncauj npog ncig sab ntawm lub revolutionary tswv yim ntawm kev cai ywj pheej, raws li xeeb Turgenev. Bazarov yog txwv mus rau liberals ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg. Nws daim duab yog tus yuam sij rau tus tshiab muaj pes tsawg leeg, tag nrho cov txheej xwm, ib txoj kev los sis lwm nrog nws.

Tag nrho cov sij khoom qhov chaw qhia tawm tsuas yog los ntawm kev sis raug zoo nrog Bazarov, thiab yeej ib txwm yuav tsum tau teem tawm, los yog ua kom pom tseeb rau cov cwm pwm ntawm cov protagonist. Hle lawv txoj kev yog tsim nyog los hais txog cov lub siab Bazarov, nws superiority, lub dag lub zog ntawm tus ntsuj plig, nyob ib leeg, los ntawm uas nws raug kev txom nyem, surrounded los ntawm cov aristocracy.

Cov duab ntawm Bazarov

Cov zajlus yog lub clash ntawm Bazarov nrog lub aristocratic ntiaj teb no. "Txiv thiab tub" Zlobodneven thiab ntau yam rau lub ntiaj teb no ntawm kev kawm tshiab. Bazarov, tus yam ntxwv uas hais lus ntawm nws raws li ib tug hero ntawm nws lub sij hawm - raznochinets, kev tswj hwm, tib neeg ua hauj lwm. Nws yog deb ntawm aristocratic cov rooj sib txoos thiab cov lus qhia.

Nyob rau hauv lub clash nrog rau lwm cov cim qhia qhov zoo tshaj plaws zoo ntawm Bazarov. Kev tsis txaus siab nrog Pavel Petrovich qhia ntawm qhov tob ntawm kev txiav txim, kom loj hlob ntawm lub siab, kev sib ntxub ntawm kev ua cev qhev thiab nom tswv cajceg. Friendship nrog Arkady - muaj peev xwm kom koj yaum tau lwm tus neeg ntawm cov correctness, yuav ib tug neeg cob.

Yevgeny Bazarov - ib tug ywj siab, zoo siab xwm, uas tsis kam txhos ua ntej txoj cai. Qhov loj tshaj plaws rau nws - kom to taub. Thaum Bazarov hais txog qhov, nws tam sim ntawd tshwm xwm ntawm tus paub txog hais tias yog raug ntawm lub sixties. Nws yuav tsum tau mus tshawb, to taub thiab ua ntawv thov, es tsis txhob ntawm mindlessly saib seb.

Turgenev ua nws hero los ntawm tej kev txom nyem: thawj zaug kev hlub, ces txoj kev tuag. Ntog hauv hlub nrog Madame Odintsov, ib tug poj niam zoo siab thiab siab tawv, Bazarov tsis nco qab txog nihilism, nws yog kiag li muab kev txiav txim zoo. Tiam sis nyob rau lub chaw pib ntawm txoj kev tuag, nws dua qhov tseeb rau nws tus kheej thiab ua siab tawv qhawv npaj mus txais txoj kev tuag. Nws yog nyob rau hauv no scene, lub xeem scene rau Bazarov, manifests tag nrho lub dag lub zog ntawm nws tus plig, ruaj khov kho kev ntseeg thiab kev ntshaw.

Bazarova kev sib raug zoo rau qhov

"Xwm tsis yog ib lub tuam tsev, tiam sis ib tug Rhiav, thiab cov neeg nyob rau hauv nws - neeg ua hauj lwm" - kab lus no embodies lub essence ntawm cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov protagonist nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nws tsis pom txoj kev zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv, thiab tsis pom qhov twg tsis pom nws, vim hais tias cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - qhov zoo thiab qhov ua lag ua luam.

Bazarov tus cwj pwm mus rau qhov unequivocally - nws kav rau nws. Xwm yog tsis tsim rau lub empty admiration, tab sis nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kawm nws, txia, tau hloov raws li tsim nyog. Qhov tshaj plaws xwb uas muaj peev xwm co no tseeb - hlub. Nihilist tsis tau hlub, vim hais tias nws tsis heev lawm. Tiam sis nrog lub advent Odintsov ntiaj teb no yog hloov, nws tsis yog cia li ib tug Rhiav.

Bazarov Odintsov

Hlub kab yog ib yam uas tseem ceeb heev rau "txiv thiab tub" tshiab. Bazarov, uas nws cov yam ntxwv yog mus ntsib nrog annoy Odintsovoy yog kom meej meej nihilistic, yog hloov mus rau lub opposite. Nws hom phiaj yog crumbling, conceptions ntawm lub ntiaj teb no hloov, nws pib tsis ntseeg nws tus kheej thiab nws cov ntseeg.

Anna, txawj ntse thiab poj niam zoo nkauj, tam sim ntawd attracts cov xim ntawm Bazarov, nws pom tau tias nws tus ntsuj khub niam txiv. Tom qab sib tham nrog nws nws realizes hais tias kev hlub. Odintsov qhia nws tus kheej raws li ib tug neeg uas lawv cov kev ntseeg thiab views, nws yuav nqa nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tham nyob rau sib npaug zos lus thiab tsis concede dab tsi rau Eugene.

Recognition of Bazarov nyob rau hauv Turgenev depicts hlub heev txaus ntshai. Odintsov thawj caw Eugene tham lub siab mus rau lub plawv, maj nws yuav paub tseeb hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog nws. Tab sis Anna nrhiav los xyuas kom meej tias nws ua ib tug confession ua ntej.

Bazarov ntawm no taw tes tsim kua muag contradictions: nws hlub thiab npau taws rau tib lub sij hawm. Raws li ib tug nihilist, nws yuav tsis tau txais kev hlub, nws yuav ua kom nws tsis muaj nuj nqis thiab tu siab heev. Rau nws, ib tug muaj zog cwm pwm, kev hlub txhais tau tias succumb mus rau tsis muaj zog, ua ceg tawv. Tab sis maj mam nws los txog rau to taub hais tias hais no "tus kab mob," nws yog tsis tau.

Hlub plunges mus rau hauv lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm Bazarov thiab ua rau chim siab nyob rau hauv kuv tus kheej. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no nws yog feem ntau disturbing uas Odintsov tsis tau twv kom kev sib nrig sib txoj kev xav.

Eugene ntshai twb tsis txhaum, lawv tsuas yog cov phooj ywg.

xaus

Duab ntawm qhov mus creativity Turgenev yog yeej ib txwm muaj teeb meem loj. Nco qab tsawg kawg yog "Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas", nyob qhov twg ntau nqe vaj lug kub siab rau nws cov hauj lwm. Yog li ntawd, qhov ratio ntawm Bazarov mus rau qhov hais lus tagnrho. Tus sau tsom rua lub insensitivity ntawm tus hero, thiab ces coj nws mus hlub, thiab ces nws yuav paub tseeb hais tias tag nrho cov no yog ib qho xav txog tej yam. Kev zoo nkauj yog lub negation ntawm nws tus kheej-deception rau Eugene.