Artist Bogdanov-Belsky Nikolai Petrovich: biography, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tswv yim, qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov duab

NP Bogdanov-Belsky - Lavxias teb sab neeg pleev kob, uas nws tej hauj lwm yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov tshaj puas nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nws lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm coincided nrog ib tug tig taw tes nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm. Yog li ntawd, nyob deb, yog tsis muaj cov loj cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm nws artistic cuab yeej cuab tam. Txawm nyob rau hauv lub luam tawm nyob rau hauv 2000 encyclopedic phau ntawv txhais lus "Lavxias teb sab ntxias" yog tsis hais nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm no kuj zoo kawg tswv.

Neeg pleev kob rau ntawm Lavxias teb sab countryside - cov no yog cov essence ntawm cov kos duab ntawm kev sau ntawv, uas differed NP Bogdanov-Belsky. Txawm tias nws yog ib tug muaj kev vam meej artist ntawm lub sab sauv chav kawm ntawv, qhov kev txiav txim dynasty thiab cov muaj koob muaj npe nom tswv cajceg feem ntau commissioned portraits los ntawm nws, tab sis tiag tiag fascinated los ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus ntawm tej yam yooj yim lub zos lub neej. Leej Tub farmhand ntawm Smolensk xeev, txawm nce mus rau lub heights ntawm muaj tswv yim paub, pom lub sib sib zog nqus ntsuj plig ntawm ib tug Lavxias teb sab lub zos thiab dhau nws nyob rau hauv canvases ntawm nws paintings.

thaum yau

Nws yug los 8 (20) Hlis ntuj nqeg 1868. Hais txog tus niam lub neej yav tom ntej academician, tsis muaj dab tsi yog paub, tsuas yog hais tias nws yog ib tug farmhand thiab bobylkoy. Lub tsev teev ntuj tswb ringer yog thawj xib fwb. Nyob rau hauv nws kev saib xyuas tus tub hluas kawm nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv. Txuj ci thiab yog nqus los ua khees nyob rau ntawm ib thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog - ib tug rau-xyoo lub zos me nyuam tub sim portray rau ntawm daim ntawv lub neej nyob ib ncig ntawm nws.

Cov theem tom ntej ntawm kev kawm - Shopotovskoe thawj zaug ob-xyoo kawm ntawv qib siab. Ntawm no muaj peev xwm sawv me nyuam tub pom tus founder ntawm cov pej xeem tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Tatev S. A. Rachinsky. Nyob rau hauv nws patronage muaj 30 lub tsev kawm ntawv uas mus kawm lub zos cov me nyuam. Ib tug heev kawm ntawv tus txiv neej, ib tug xib fwb ntawm Moscow University, Raczynski yog ua teeb meem loj cov kev siv zog los txhim kho lub neej ntawm cov neeg pluag cov me nyuam. Lub tsev kawm ntawv daim duab studio nws ua hauj lwm nrog cov menyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv painting thiab duab. Ob xyoos ntawm txoj kev tshawb, uas NP Bogdanov nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no, kev lom zem ntau txiav txim nws lub neej tom ntej lub neej.

Tus thawj daim duab

Artistically gifted menyuam kawm ntawv yog li cuab kev uas nyob rau hauv 1881 S. A. Rachinsky xa nws mus ntxiv kev kawm rau master icon painters. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws txiav txim seb tus them nyiaj rau nws cov menyuam kawm ntawv - 25 rubles ib lub hlis.

Tus thawj daim duab, uas 16-xyoo-laus cov neeg pleev kob coj ib feem nyob rau hauv ib daim duab exhibition - "Fir tom hav zoov." Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm V. D. Polenova thiab V. A. Serova, nws tag nrho cov tshuab pa simplicity thiab tej kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab toj roob hauv pes. Artistic debut yog kev vam meej thiab lag luam. Cov painting twb yuav los ntawm ib tug collector Sapozhnikov. Ob xyoos tom qab, tus tub hluas pib ib lub tsib-xyoo txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub Moscow Art School (1884-1889).

kev kawm ntawv tiav

Twb los ntawm cov muaj hnub nyoog ntawm 18 tus hluas artist pib mus khwv tau ib tug nyob los ntawm txoj kev artistic hauj lwm rau. Nws paintings muag, thiab muab cov nyiaj yog txaus rau cov zaub mov thiab kawm ntawv ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tseem yuav tau txais cov ntsiab lus los ntawm S. A. Rachinskogo, uas zoo raws li txoj hmoo ntawm nws cov menyuam kawm ntawv.

Tom qab kawm tiav rau xyoo los ntawm ib tug toj roob hauv pes department of art tsev kawm ntawv, qhov chaw uas nws kawm uas nto moo ntxias V. D. Polenova thiab IM Pryanishnikova 1894 N. Bogdanov kawm ntawv ntxiv hauv tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau Academy of Arts. Nws tus xib fwb yuav I. E. Repin ntawm lub sij hawm no. Ib me ntsis ntau tshaj ib xyoo tas los kev cob qhia. Nyob rau hauv 1895 tus hluas artist txiav txim siab mus ntxiv lawv txoj kev kawm txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej nws ua hauj lwm thiab cov kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv Fabkis, lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Ltalis. NP Bogdanov kawm tiav los ntawm lub Imperial Academy of Arts nyob rau hauv 1903. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, cov artist tau txais lub thib ob yog ib feem ntawm nws lub npe. Kev kos npe rau daim ntawv kawm tiav awarding nws lub npe ntawm academician, Emperor Nicholas II nrog nws tus kheej txhais tes mus rau lub npe nrog ib tug hyphen Bogdanov ua ib tug PostScript - Belsky. Nyob rau hauv hais tias lub npe Nikolai Petrovich Bogdanov-Belsky, uas nws paintings yog muaj leej twg paub masterpieces ntawm painting, nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab lub ntiaj teb no daim duab. Arts Academy paub hais tias nws raws li ib tug tag nrho cov neeg nyob rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm 46 lub xyoo (1914).

mus txawv teb chaws

Lub revolutionary txheej xwm ntawm 1917 tus neeg pleev kob yog tsis muaj peev xwm. Nws sib raug zoo nrog tus tshiab cov tub ceev xwm tsis tau tsim, thiab nyob rau hauv 1921, NP Bogdanov-Belsky emigrated los ntawm Soviet Russia. Nws tshiab chaw nyob los ua Latvia. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nws yeej tsis rov qab. Latvian thaum lub sij hawm artist lub neej ntawd kub ntev li 23 xyoo.

Nws enthusiastically ua hauj lwm. Cov nyob ntsiag to xwm ntawm Latgale nrog nws pas dej, hav zoov thiab meadows, cov artist tuaj rau los. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws tsim ib tug ntau ntawm ua hauj lwm thiab tseem lifes. Tab sis cov me nyuam lub ntsiab kom meej meej pom nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg pleev. Los ntawm nws txhuam tawm ib tug series ntawm paintings ntawm cov me nyuam. Me cim paintings - heev kov thiab piv txwv zoo li txoj kev hlub. Raws li lub siab tshaj plaws puav pheej rau tswv yim thiab kev kawm ua si - muab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Peb hnub qub. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no nrog zoo zoo ntawm nws exhibition. Xyoo mus txawv teb chaws lub sij hawm ua lub thib ob flowering txuj ci zoo kawg Lavxias teb sab artist.

Ib daim duab raws li ib tug iav ntawm creativity

Ib tug txawv feature ntawm creativity NP Bogdanov-Belsky - nws yog yuav luag photographic precision nyob rau hauv cov kis ntawm cov lus nyob rau hauv nws paintings. Ib qho piv txwv yog cov hauj lwm ntawm lub painting "Virtuoso". Bogdanov-Belsky xwm li nyob rau hauv lub hom ntaub khov heev ib pab pawg neeg ntawm lub zos cov me nyuam uas enthusiastically mloog qhov kev ua si ntawm cov tub ntxhais balalaika. Ua tib zoo, nrog muag heev meticulousness artist npe qhov tsawg tshaj plaws cov ntsiab lus unpretentious rustic khaub ncaws ntawm nws lub cim. Mob siab rau rau suab paj nruag qhia ntawm cov me nyuam ob tog, birch koog, detachment ntawm ib tug tub hluas ua si rau cov balalaika - ib daim duab Bogdanov-Belsky "Virtuoso" yog tag nrho ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas qhia lub puab ntiaj teb no ntawm nws cim. Thiab xws li ib tug "documentary" mus kom ze rau cov kev hloov ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum havzoov nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm tus poj artist.

Tom qab ntau xyoo

Zoo kawg, tab sis mus rau hnub tim yog tsis muaj tiav catalog ntawm paintings los ntawm lub acclaimed tswv. Nws ua hauj lwm tau noj nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws. Txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov paintings yog paub zoo tsis tsuas mus rau cov kws tshwj xeeb, tab sis kuj yog ib tug ntau cov neeg tuaj saib. Txawm li cas los, kom deb li deb muaj kev tsis sib haum txog lub sij hawm ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm ib qho kev daim ntaub. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias cov twb hais daim duab N. Bogdanov-Belsky "Virtuoso" sau los ntawm cov artist nyob rau hauv 1891. Tab sis ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov artist lub creativity soj ntsuam ntseeg tau hais tias nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug tom qab lub sij hawm, kwv yees li nyob rau hauv 1912-1913. Qhov no lub sij hawm ntawm nws ua hauj lwm, uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub zos Ostrovno nyob ze Udomlya pas dej. Ib tug ntawm cov pej xeem hauv lub zos, uas tau yug los nyob rau hauv 1903 - Agatha Nilovna Ivanova - yog cov me nyuam yaus, uas cov artist xwm nyob rau hauv cov duab no.

Thiab qhov no yog tsuas yog ib tug paub tsis meej ntawm cov series ntawm dawb me ntsis uas nrog tej biography ntawm cov neeg pleev. Artist Bogdanov-Belsky, uas nws paintings paub tag nrho cov thoob lub ntiaj teb no, yog tseem tos kom tau kev txhawj xeeb biographer.

Xyoo tas los ntawm lub neej

Nyob rau hauv 1944, lub xeev kuj zoo kawg thiab artist txoj kev noj qab tau qub. Vim li no, nws yog tsim nyog los mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees, qhov twg nws twb kho nyob rau hauv ib tug Berlin lub tsev kho mob. Txawm li cas los, German kho mob kev coj tsis rov qab. Great neeg pleev kob NP Bogdanov-Belsky tuag nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm 77 xyoo. Cov kev tuag ntawm Lavxias teb sab artist mus yuav luag tsis paub - Lub teb chaws Yelemees poob tsov rog. Berlin twb npaj mus ua tus tawm tsam ntawm lub nce Red Army. Nws yog lub ob hlis ntuj 19, 1945. Nws zaum kawg so qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub toj ntxas Lavxias teb sab mus txawv teb chaws los ua Tegel nyob rau outskirts ntawm lub German capital.

es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug epilogue

Peb yuav xav tias qhua los ntawm ntau Agricultural Tub Zog ua hauj lwm ua teb los ntawm lub xeev ntawm Smolensk, hais tias nws tus tub yuav mus cia nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb kos duab nyob rau hauv lub npe Bogdanov-Belsky? Nicholas, uas nws piav txog paintings nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm yuav siv sij hawm muaj nuj nqis ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tus zoo tshaj plaws exhibition catalogs, dhau lawm, yuav tsis xav txog tej yam dab tsi ib tug ci yav tom ntej nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm tos nws. Tu siab, lub zoo Lavxias teb sab neeg pleev kob txuj ci twb unjustly consigned rau oblivion nyob rau hauv nws teb koj chaw. Tab sis rau ib sab ntawm pua pua ntawm cov cim nyob rau hauv nws paintings nyob mus nyob rau hauv lub tso rau neeg pom tso rau cov nplooj ntawv ntawm daim duab albums. Thiab nws nkawd hais tias nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm lawv lub neej niaj hnub zoo li cov artist nws tus kheej. Nws saib ntawm yav dhau los inquisitive. Tom qab tag nrho, peb cov kev muaj tiag yog tsim los ntawm kev siv zog nrog rau cov cim ntawm nws paintings.