Antinociceptive tib neeg system kom txo kev mob

Antinociceptive system ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog kom meej meej delimited paj qauv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov chaw thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus poob siab system. Lawv ua ke yog ib yam ntawm cov qib siab ntawm tus active neurochemical caj npab, muaj tus muaj peev xwm kom muab ncua tseg functionality mob lug nyob rau hauv lub nociceptive system.

Action antinociceptive system

Thaum lub system yog thov antipain feem ntau opiotergicheskaya regulating Circuit Court. Nws yog ib lub sis ntawm opioid receptors thiab ligands-opioids. Kev sib kho antinociceptive system yuav suppress tsis xis nyob unbearable nov ntawm nqaij tawv ntawm ntau ntau ntau. Tsaug rau cov hauj lwm ntawm lub mechanism ntawm kev mob thiab tsis xis nyob li cas tsis ua lub predominant lawm nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg lub neej. Txawm tias thaum twg tus mob los, acting ntsiab antinociceptive system yog muaj nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm uas koj yuav xav tias nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev mob tawm, mas. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm no tiv thaiv mechanism nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm ib tug neeg twg.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm narcotic painkillers hnub no

Paj nyob rau hauv narcotic yeeb siv tshuaj, los ntawm txoj kev, kuj tau muab yug lub antinociceptive system. Lub physiology ntawm tus tib neeg lub cev kom meej meej has txug lub hom phiaj ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj: lawv yog siv raws li ib tug haib ua kom loog tshuaj uas yuav pab tau kov yeej tus mob antinociceptive system los yog ua nws hloov.

Rau hnub tim, cov tshuaj - tsuas yog txoj kev ib tug zoo symptomatic kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob nrog rau mob cancer. Nws yog ua tau kom nrhiav pov thawj rau kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj, noj mus rau hauv tus account lawv analgesic nyhuv. Txawm li cas los, tag nrho cov paub lub ntsiab disadvantage ntawm cov tshuaj lawv yuav tig txaus, lub hlwb ruaj khov neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug me zeej muaj unearthly anguish thiab tej zaum twb nws cov hauj lwm prematurely.

Txawv ntawm nociceptive thiab antinociceptive tshuab

Antinociceptive system yog lub determinant ntawm tus mob, uas guarantees ib puas feem pua mob xaav. Xav no lub sij hawm, qhov txawv ntawm no lub tswvyim thiab lub sij hawm "piav thoob hlo system" yuav muab txhais yooj yim. Txij li thaum tus tau txais yuav tsum muaj "ntaus ntawv", t. E. Yog li defining analyzer yuav tsuas yog hu ua ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib fragment ntawm lub sensor system, lub nociceptive thiab antinociceptive system cumulatively sawv cev tsis yog lub determinant, thiab ib tug self Somatic es nyuab system.

Yuav kom to taub li cas no txhais tau tias, nws yog tsim nyog los muab ib qho piv txwv. Xyaum paub tsis tshua muaj neeg mob ntawm ib tug tsis muaj lawm mob nyob rau hauv tib neeg, yog tsis tseem ceeb. Meanwhile, lub ntsiab nociceptive txoj kev uas lawv khiav lag luam feem ntau, piv txwv li. E. Tiv thaiv mechanism ua hauj lwm mob kev ua si.

Raws li muaj mob thiab ib tug mob poob siab?

Los ntawm 70 th xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, soj ntsuam ntawm muaj thaum kawg tsim ib lub tswv yim hais txog qhov no ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus poob siab system raws li lub hlwb antinociceptive system. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, zaum twb tau mus nrhiav kom tau nws lub peev xwm rau cov kev txwv ntawm kev mob excitation, overvoltage tiv thaiv lug nociceptive department. Ua voos nociceptive active braking system provokes no antipain ntsiab.

Kev tsis txaus siab ntawm kev mob yuav tshwm sim xwb thaum nyob rau hauv huab los rau ntawm lub cev antinociceptive system tsis tau suppressed vim hais tias ntawm tus ntawm extraneous yam. Txo nres muaj nuj nqi yog fraught nrog overexcitation nociceptive system thiab ua tsi xam pom npaj txhij txog kev mob ntawm psychogenic qhov nyob rau hauv ib tug kiag li tej uas tsis yog-mob hauv nrog cev.

Analgesic system ntawm lub cev tus qauv

Xav txog lub tswvyim ntawm antinociception (antinociceptive system), koj yuav tsum tau them mloog kom nws ib tug neeg lub Cheebtsam. Ntawm lawv, thawj ntawm tag nrho cov nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev cov ntsiab ntawm cov dorsal midbrain thiab medulla (grey teeb meem, lub nucleus ntawm lub reticular tsim thiab lub raphe nucleus, gelatinous tivthaiv ntawm cov leeg nrob qaum).

Ua tsaug rau lawv, muaj yog qhov yooj yim thaiv mob. Tus Neeg tsis tu tsis tseg rau hnov mob thaum nrhiav nociceptive excitation flux amenable mus inhibition. Qhov no muaj nuj nqi belongs rau lub descending kev tswj qhov mob. Lub ntsiab active tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub braking lag luam ua opioids thiab ib co tshuaj hormones, xws li serotonin. Yog mus hu xov tooj rau lawv modulators vim hais tias lawv hloov cov thawj txoj hauj lwm finite neurons, thaum tsis dua nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev coj tsis exciting nyhuv.

Neurotransmitters thiab receptors nyob rau hauv mob antitsitseptivnoy system

Lub ntsiab thiab predetermining neurons analgesic systems yog cov nyob rau hauv lub grey teeb meem ntawm lub midbrain. Tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm no thiab axons, uas yog nce ntawm cov hypothalamus thiab lwm yam mechanisms ntawm sab laug cerebral hemisphere. Lawv kuj koom nyob rau hauv kev coj rov qab mus rau lub hlwb txha nqaj qaum. Kev sib kho ntawm cov neurons yog suav tias yog pentapeptides, uas muaj xws li enkephalins subspecies. Tej kev sib kho nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov amino acids yuav tsum tau methionine, thiab leucine.

Enkephalins tau nyob rau hauv ib tug raug luv luv lub sij hawm, pib tag nrho cov opiate receptors. Thaum opiatergicheskih synapses, cov receptors nyob tsuas yog nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias, uas nqa tawm cov paub tab ntawm qhov postsynaptic "cushion". Tsis koom nyob rau hauv lub synapses ua mob, thaum lub sij hawm daim nyias nyias yuav tsum muab sau ua ke sib kho guides seeb excitation los ntawm ib tug kev neuron mus rau lwm lub.

Endogenous antinociceptive system muaj ib tug yam ntxwv opioid receptors, uas yog nce metabotropic. Lawv feem ntau txuam nrog bioregulator ua inhibition ntawm adenylate cyclase los ntawm cov intracellular paub. Qhov tsim nyog ntawm tag nrho cov saum toj no yog cov ntxaug nyob rau hauv lub synthesis antipain system. Dhau li pathological yuav txo tau ntawm calcium nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev muaj xws li cov ntsiab kev sib kho ntawm kev mob, t. E. Lub cev pib tsim lawv nyob rau lawv tus kheej. Feem ntau kev sib kho ntawm kev mob yog:

• tshuaj yeeb dej caw P;
• cholecystokinin;
• somatostatin;
• glutamic acid.

Hypothalamus thiab sab laug hemisphere ntawm lub paj hlwb - activators kev txiav txim ntawm

Los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov system muaj xws li antipain analgesic hypothalamic lug thiab lub somatosensory cortex ntawm sab laug cerebral hemisphere. Lub immensity ntawm lawv inhibitory ntxim rau nociceptive mechanisms neeg yog tiav los ntawm:

• inhibition ntawm downstream los ntawm cov neurons ntawm cov leeg nrob qaum;
• nce braking ntxim rau cov neurons ntawm lub thalamus;
• lub tshuab txais los ntawm cov saum toj no-hais system ntawm sab saum toj-down tswj ntawm tus brakes.

Disengagement mob nyob rau hauv lub cev

Nociceptive thiab antinociceptive systems ntawm lub cev muaj nyob rau hauv ze kom sib haum. Cov yav tas ua endogenous opioid Cheebtsam, uas nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb yog ib tug yeeb tshuaj tsis pub dhau.

Cov no muaj xws endorphins, dynorphin, thiab hais txog. D. Lub peculiarity ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ntxhab peptide sequences, zoo li me me protein molecules uas yog ua los ntawm cov amino acids.

Lub luag hauj lwm uas tsis yog-opioid thiab opioid peptides

Nyob rau hauv ib tug ib qho kev zoo tooj ntawm neurons uas muaj xws li antinociceptive system kev receptors nyob rau tej yam. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog opioid receptors feem ntau tshwm rau ntawm tom ntej braking lag luam los ntawm ib tug neeg neurons. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nociceptive mob system yuav inhibited thiab tus mob yuav luag tsis hnov mob. Lub homphiaj ntawm kev me me neurons analgesic system yog lub rhuav txhua ntawm cov kis tau tus mob thiab muab faib rau mob tom excitation saw txoj.

Lub ntxawg txheej txheem ntawm lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tus mob yuav tsis tau tsuas yog opioid peptides. Tsis-opioid peptides (e.g., neurotensin) kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov kawg bolevospriyatie tib neeg. Sawv los ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm qhov chaw, qhov mob yuav inhibit noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin thiab lwm yam catecholamines.

Yuav ua li cas puas muaj tus mechanism ntawm hluav mob?

Antinociceptive muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub cev system yuav ua tau ob peb txoj kev:

1. Lub mechanism ntawm ceev kev txiav txim. Muaj yog ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ib tug mob stimulus, ua synaptic excitation nyob rau hauv lub system ntawm nqis inhibitory tswj. Nyob rau hauv lub rear horn ntawm cov leeg nrob qaum ntawm lub sij hawm no yuav tsum tau pom limiting afferent nociceptive stimulation. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb kev ua kom loog no mechanism. Thaum cov hluav ntawm kev mob ib txhij khiav lag luam ob mob stimulus.
2. Lub mechanism ntawm qhov kev txiav txim luv luv. Pib lub hypothalamus, uas ib tug nres tswj system descending hom dorsal midbrain thiab medulla. Mus qhib lub mechanism rau limiting tus excitation mob nyob rau theem ntawm cov leeg nrob thiab tej zaum lub hlwb yuav tsum tau stressors.
3. Lub mechanism ntawm ntev kev txiav txim. Lub ntsiab chaw zov me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub hypothalamus, tshuab txais ntawm qhov mob. Updraft mob excitation yog kis tau mus rau tag nrho cov qhov chaw hauv lub downward tswj. Los ntawm nociceptive system txuas rau lub siab ntsws coloration ntawm qhov mob. Tej kwv yees nyob rau hauv feem ntau tus neeg mob tsis yog lub hom phiaj.
4. Tonic mechanism. Vim nws qhov kev ua si antinociceptive system txhawb chaw orbital thiab frontal qhov chaw ntawm lub cerebral cortex. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub frontal lobe, qab lub ob lub qhov muag. Kev ua nociceptive qauv ensured ib qhov braking nyhuv. Los ntawm txoj kev, txoj kev no yuav tsum tau pom, thiab rau tag nrho tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm qhov mob.

Yuav ua li cas yog mob?

Antsinotsitseptivnaya system ntawm lub cev, los tswj cov qauv ntawm cov cerebral cortex, pab npaj rau lub pre-kev txhawj kev ua hauj lwm, thiab ces siv lub stimulus mob nrog ib tug txo ntawm tsis kaj siab, seeb ncus.

Ntawm tag nrho cov saum toj no, koj yuav tau kos ib tug yooj yim xaus hais tias cov kev siv thiab qhov mob predetermined nta ntawm lub hauj lwm ntawm lub tshuab ob: nociceptive thiab antinociceptive. Thawj - qhov mob, lub thib ob - antipain. Lub meej ntawm lawv kev sis raug zoo thiab txiav txim seb qhov xwm ntawm tus mob tej los ntawm ib tug txiv neej. Tus mob tej zaum yuav sib txawv, raws li nram no:

• Hyperalgesia - lub xeev thaum muaj zog rhiab heev rau mob, ib tug rau txim ntawm lub uas tej zaum yuav tsum yog siab ntxhov siab system nociceptive los yog antinociceptive tsawg excitation system.
• Hypoalgesia - ib lub xeev ntawm ib tug txo rhiab heev rau mob uas ua los ntawm cov lus rov nyhuv: mob antinociceptive system zog thiab txo nociceptive system excitation.

Ob yam kev mob yuav muaj ib tug zoo feem nyob rau hauv lub cev, thiab lawv lom zem ntau yog nyob ntawm seb chaw pib ntawm kev mob. Qhov no tus nqi nruab nrab yog ib tug uas tsis yog-zoo li qub rooj noj tivthaiv, yuav sib txawv nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev mob thiab analgesic systems. Thiab antinociceptive thiab tsim ib tug tib qauv nociceptive mob complex, ua xwb nws hais.

Yuav ua li cas hawv ua phem rau mob tus txiv neej?

Es tham piav thoob hlo bolevospriyatiya system tsim nyog rau tus neeg kom muaj lub cev thiab nws qhov chaw nyob rau hauv kev ncaj ncees. Ntxiv mus, cov tshuab ua mob (mob thiab antipain) cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub neej tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv mob luv luv los yog mob mob ncus, cov nram qab no tshwm sim:

1. pw tsaug zog teeb.
2. Tsis muaj kev sib deev.
3. Txob taus, inattention.
4. Tus thawj nyob rau hauv lub cev muaj zog ua si.
5. Kev nyuaj siab, kev nyuaj siab psycho-lub siab lub ntsws lub xeev.

Kev tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov mob - tuag

Khaus mob yuav qeeb ua tsis taus pa, tej zaum txawm nres nws kiag li, thaum ib tug tsis muaj zog tom qab mob yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam nws acceleration. Nyob rau hauv mob heev tsub kom lub plawv dhia, nce ntshav siab, uas hem txoj kev loj hlob ntawm peripheral vascular spasm.

Ua ntej, daim tawv nqaij yuav daj ntseg, tab sis luv luv-term mob dilated cov hlab ntsha ua kom kais nws. Txo secretion ntawm cov qaub ncaug, pais plab kua txiv thiab zus tau tej cov txiav, plab hnyuv peristalsis nres, uas feem ntau ua rau anuria. Cov kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug mob poob siab thaum mob heev yog fraught nrog neeg tuag taus txim.