Yuav ua li cas yog txha hniav laus: qhov yooj yim lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus

Yuav ua li cas yog txha hniav laus? Cov niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab lo lus yuav muaj ob peb lub ntsiab, raws li qhov tseeb etymology thiab "conversational" yog tsis heev muaj tseeb. Cia saib cov kev txha hniav laus thiab txha hniav laus li cov piv txwv ntawm cov feem ntau pom tseeb kev siv ntawm cov lo lus nyob rau hauv lub literal siab. Tsis tas li ntawd mloog mus rau lub heev upotrebimo nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub lub tswvyim ntawm "txha hniav laus xim" thiab "enamelware" uas tsis muaj direct piv rau lub sij tswvyim ntawm tus txha hniav laus.

"Txha hniav laus": lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus. ncaj ntsiab lus

Yog li, nyob rau hauv ib tug kev txiav txim zoo txha hniav laus - ib tug me me thickness, lub iav txheej uas yog npaj los ntawm calcining ib tug siab kub. Nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus yog Fabkis, thiab nws yog lo lus "txha hniav laus". Ntxiv mus, lub technology nws tus kheej ntawm nws cov yog paub nyob rau hauv Russia txij thaum kawg lub kaum ob xyoo pua, tab sis, ces nws yog lo lus "txha hniav laus" nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov kev txha hniav laus? Nws muaj peev xwm nqa thiab lub tswv yim txiav txim siab zoo (piv txwv li, kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv xeb ntawm qhov pib khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg) thiab kos duab (tej yam me me paintings, tsim los ntawm lub tshuab lum). Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg uas feem ntau nyob rau hauv txhua hnub kev txiav txim zoo ntawm enamels thiab hu ua lawv tus kheej npaj los tsim khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub plural. Piv txwv li, ib tug plurality ntawm txha hniav laus pleev xim rau saucers yuav hu ua ib tug set ntawm enamels.

Cheebtsam raug emalnogo hmoov differed heev nyob rau geography thiab ntau lawm lub sij hawm. Yuav ua li cas yog lub enamel, thiab niaj hnub siv tshuab? Feem ntau cov feem ntau ua los ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm oxides ntawm pob zeb ntais, boron, titanium, txhuas, hmoov txhuas, zinc, thiab lwm yam hlau.

Ntxiv mus, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm tej ions ua rau nws tau mus cuag tej yam xim ntawm lub tiav lawm txheej. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub xyoo caum kawg zoo txoj kev ua ntawv thov rau thawj zaug khoom, yog li ntawd muaj sprayers thiab electrostatic lub koob yees duab, uas tso cai rau mus cuag ib tug heev homogeneous txheej.

"Kev kho hniav" lub ntsiab lus

Lo lus "txha hniav laus" uas txhais tau tias ntxiv? Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab kev kho hniav txha hniav laus hu ua heev nyias txheej ntawm cov khoom inorganic tshuaj (txog 97%) thiab organic (txog 3%), uas tiv thaiv lub crown ntawm tus hniav. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog cov anhydrous feem ntawm tib neeg lub cev, thiab kuj yog lub feem ntau ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog.

Lub exceptional hardness ntawm kev kho hniav txha hniav laus apatite piav hydrated daim ntawv no, uas yog "tam" interspersed magnesium, tshuaj chlorine ua, fluorine, barium, chromium, ib tug me me muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm cov organic tshuaj. Ntawm cov organic Cheebtsam yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg collagen, uas ho tsub kom lub dag lub zog ntawm tus txha hniav laus tswv yim los ntawm kev txo qhov fragility ntawm lub yav tas.

Muaj zog txha hniav laus - muaj zog cov hniav

Rau niaj hnub tus txiv neej saib xyuas txha hniav laus - ib tug tseem ceeb feem ntawm kev noj qab nyob thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov ncauj kab mob. Mas apatite qauv mechanically tiv thaiv lub crown, tab sis heev tsis zoo tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev txhoj puab heev tej kev kawm thiab yog tsis tshua muaj nkag siab lub acidity ntawm qhov nruab nrab.

Twb ntawm ib tug nqi ntawm pH = 4,6 txha hniav laus undergoes appreciable kev puas tsuaj. Feem ntau cov qaub ncaug acidity nce mus txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm zoo sib xws, tab sis cov kab mob nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj sai sai "acidifying" ib puag ncig. Ib tug byproduct ntawm lawv cov kev ua yog organic acids, uas sawv cev rau tus loj tshaj kev hem thawj rau enamel.

Qhov teeb meem daws tau los ntawm tshem cov zaub mov seem tom qab noj mov, uas deprives microflora khoom noj kom zoo. Lwm txaus ntshai dag nyob rau hauv txha hniav laus cov khoom uas chiv muaj ib tug qhia tau acidity. Yog li, kev puas tsuaj tej zaum yuav ua rau cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv ib co txiv hmab txiv ntoo (organic acids) los yog uas tsis yog-dej cawv (orthophosphoric acid).

Yuav ua li cas yog txha hniav laus? nab tus xeeb ntxwv

Nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus pom hais tias kev txiav txim zoo ntawm tej txha hniav laus cov ntsiab lus txhais no yog ib tug nyias tiv thaiv txheej. Uas yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv txhua hnub tib neeg kev xws li ib tug "enamelware" thiab "emalnaya xim." Yuav kom qhov no enamel, lawv yuav tsis muaj feem, tab sis hais lus "txha hniav laus" muaj protectional ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv lawv.

Enamelware hu ua nyob rau hauv txhua hnub ua noj ua haus tais diav, nyob rau hauv uas lub hlau (feem ntau yog hlau) coated nrog ib tug nyias iav-ceramics. Ib tug txheej ua ib tug tiv nuj nqi thiab txhob chwv zaub mov thiab hlau.

Emalnye xim - ib tug cover protectors rau hlau Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, manufactured nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov kua roj vanish. Lawv muaj raws li ib feem ntawm lub hnyav, cov kua roj vanish nws tus kheej, pigments, fillers thiab spetsdobavki. Raws li yuav ntshiab txhua hnub Voros lo lus teb rau hais tias yog "txha hniav laus" nws tsis yog tag nrho competent nyob rau hauv relation mus txha hniav laus xim tsev yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov khoom xyaw, tog twg los nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm txoj kev ntawm daim ntawv thov mus rau qhov chaw.