Yuav ua li cas yog Bagration flushes

Bagration flushes - ib lub ntsiab uas tau ua ib lub cim ntawm heroism ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub rog, nws ua siab loj, thiab cov tub rog txoj kev kawm. Yim lub sij hawm tau koob meej Napoleon tus generals, muaj ib tug loj loj kom zoo dua nyob rau hauv manpower, sim noj cov makeshift teb chaw tiv thaiv. Sib ntaus rau Bagration flushes pub Lavxias teb sab tub rog sawv ntsug nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm Borodino. Peb zoo kawg nkaus pog koob yawg koob ua rau nws paub tseeb invincible Napoleon uas Lavxias teb sab tub rog mus sib ntaus sib tua rau qhov kawg thiab twb tsis mus thiaj yooj yim tsis tau lub yeeb ncuab rau nws capital.

notion

Ua ntej peb yuav piav ntau zog ntxiv lub sib ntaus sib tua rau Bagration flushes, luv luv hais txog lub tswvyim.

Flushes - ib tug ancient daim ntawv ntawm daim teb chaw tiv thaiv, muaj raws ntawm ob Sau. Lub approximate ntev ntawm txhua yog 20-30 meters. Txhua nyob rau ntawm lub kaum sab xis, txoj kev ua ib tug xub taw nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Li no lub npe: los ntawm lub Fabkis lub sij hawm txhais tau tias "xub". Flushes ib co zoo ntawm ib tug ib ntus teb ntawm mini-fortresses, uas yog tab tom ua nyob rau hauv lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws qhov chaw. Lawv muaj ib tug txaus tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg thiab phom, uas muaj peev xwm withstand lub onslaught ntawm superior yeeb ncuab rog. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tawm ntawm cov kob xiav peb loj hlob tej chaw tiv thaiv, uas yuav tsum tau muab coj los ntawm cua daj cua dub los ntawm superior rog.

Keeb kwm thiab strategichskoe npe

Bagration flushes - 4 teb artillery chaw tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv qhov siab - nyob rau hauv lub zos Semyonovskoe. Lawv twb tau tsim kom ntxiv dag zog rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub thib ob Western pab tub rog Petra Ivanovicha Bagrationa. Nyob rau xaiv yaam daim ntawv qhia ntawm Lavxias teb sab hais kom ua, lawv yog hu ua "Semenov flushes" thiab nws cov keeb kwm lub npe - Bagration flushes - tau txais nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus naas ej hero ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua. P. I. Bagration nyob ntawm no tau txais nws lub qhov txhab, uas muaj pov thawj yuav tsum tau neeg tuag taus.

Bagration flushes: qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm Borodino

Yog vim li cas yog Napoleon mus sim mus ntes tus haib defensive redoubt? Qhov tseeb hais tias tus poj Fabkis general strike npaj nws lub ntsiab nres los ntawm infantry kev txhawb los ntawm artillery nyob rau flank, nyob ze ntawm lub zos ntawm Semyonovskoe. Cov decisive kev ua nws vam mus zuaj lub Lavxias teb sab kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub tis thiab mus rau lub tsheb ntawm peb cov tub rog.

rog ntawm ob tog

Successful flank nres lub tsheb ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog yuav tsum tau tso cai mus nias rau qhov tseem ceeb hwj chim ntawm peb cov mus rau lub hav dej. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau lawv mus kiag li puas. Nws yog to taub thiab Kutuzov: ib tug qhab nqaim thiab tsim peb artillery tiv thaiv. Tag nrho cov Bagration faib rau cov uas feem 50 ntawm pem hauv ntej zoo li thiab 8 txhiab. Cov tub rog.

Napoleon faib rau haib flank nres 40 txhiab. Txiv neej. Nws xav hais tias qhov no yuav tsum muaj kom ntau txaus mus ua txhaum los ntawm lub defensive flank tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los, tus poj commander ntawm lub sij hawm no zoo heev miscalculated: lub vos qhov chaw yog tsis tau tso cai nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub defensive kab txaus coj kom zoo dua ntawm lub zauv kom zoo dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub Fabkis tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account lub kuj ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub rog uas, tsis zoo li cov nyob sab Europe phiaj los nqis tes, qhov no lub sij hawm los mus tiv thaiv lawv lub tebchaws los ntawm tus yeeb ncuab aggression.

Tawm tsam rau flushes

Sib ntaus sib tua rau Bagration flushes pib ib txhij nrog tus nres ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ntawm lub zos ntawm Borodino - txog 6 teev nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov. Ib nrab ntawm ib tug kilometer sab qab teb-sab hnub poob ntawm lub chaw tiv thaiv yog ib lub zos Utitsa. Nruab nrab ntawm nws thiab flash nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov nkaum Lavxias teb sab rangers los mus tiv thaiv lub strengthening ntawm Fabkis ua hauj lwm nyob ib ncig ntawm los ntawm lub hav zoov.

Txawm tias ua ntej lub sib ntaus sib tua Marshal Davoust rau ntawm ntug ntawm cov hav zoov Utitskogo pib ua ib tug pej thuam rau tus nres. Ntawm no, peb artillery thiab launched nws cov thawj salvo ntawm tus yeeb ncuab yuav luag taw tes-dawb paug, nrog dinstantsii 500 meters, tsis muab tus yeeb ncuab ib tug dawb daim ntawv nyob rau hauv cov kem. Fabkis pib raug teeb meem loj losses ua ntej lub sib ntaus sib tua. Tus yeeb ncuab, dhau lawm, muaj ib lub koom haum peb cov roj teeb ntawm 102 phom ib tug kilometer los ntawm cov flushes thiab pib rau hluav taws. Txawm li cas los, tag nrho cov xim ntawm Lavxias teb sab artillery tau riveted rau kab infantry.

Thaum nce ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 200 meters ntawm Lavxias teb sab artillery tsiv heev hluav taws grapeshot. Ua tau phom tig mus rau lub tshuab phom, uas abutment txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv yeeb ncuab kiag.

Peb yuav tsum to taub hais tias cov tactics ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog sib txawv heev los ntawm tom qab eras: nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub suab ntawm drums tau paraded cov tub rog txhua. Yog hais tias lub Fabkis, rau Piv txwv li, nkag los yog mus rau ntawm ib tug khiav, lawv yuav tau sai li sai tau fortified. Txawm li cas los, cov sib ntaus sib tua yog ib txwm noj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv qhib chaw ntawm countryside, Napoleon tus kem system yog ib txwm ib tug kom zoo dua. Ntawm no qhov teeb meem no yog sib txawv: nyob rau hauv ib tug nqaim seem cheeb tsam twb defensive redoubts, uas, xws li ib tug tshuab rab phom, "mowed down" cov yeeb ncuab kiag.

Tom qab lub Lavxias teb sab phom pib rhuav tshem cov Fabkis ibyam nrog grapeshot ntawm ze ntau yam, lub caij nyoog kawg no ua xyem xyav lub advisability ntawm kev tawm tsam ntxiv. Qhov kawg straw tau txais kev pab raws li ib rab phom salvo los ntawm cov hav zoov rangers. Tus yeeb ncuab pib thim rov qab. Txawm li cas los, lub Marshals thiab generals dua xa tub rog mus tua.

Thiab lub sib ntaus sib tua coj qhov chaw: lub Fabkis rov, retreated, rebuilt, ces rov dua, kev txom nyem loj losses. Lavxias teb sab, on qhov tsis tooj, tsis muaj loj losses nyob rau hauv thawj lub sij hawm ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua. Peb infantry tshwm sim, pom hais tias cov yeeb ncuab raug kev txom losses.

Tag nrho cov tau raug muab tshem yim tawm tsam nyob rau hauv Bagration flushes. Fabkis tau tsis tsuas poob hwj chim rau noj defensive kab, tab sis kuj yog siv mus tag nrho nws cov reserves, uas twb tsim nyog rau txoj kev vam meej ntawm txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tej yam kev tshwm. Marshals tau poob siab, Napoleon heev tsim txom, thiab nws pab tub rog tau poob txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv nws invincibility. Lavxias teb sab tseem txuas ntxiv mus tuav lawv txoj haujlwm.

yim nres

Los ntawm lunchtime, nws yog tseeb hais tias lub ntsiab tshuab yog aimed ntawm lub Fabkis flushes Bagration. Hais txog 400 phom pib ntsws rau Lavxias teb sab defensive redoubts. Nws twb ces muab pov tseg ib tug ntxiv 45 txhiab. Txiv neej. Bagration yuav muster tsuas yog 15 txhiab. Cov neeg thiab 300 phom.

Kutuzov kuj pom tau hais cov tseem ceeb ntawm no sector ntawm pem hauv ntej. Nws tau txib kom lub teeb cavalry mus rau bypass tus yeeb ncuab txoj flank thiab ntaus thaum lub tsheb ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Qhov no yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ntaus ib tug cia ntawm Fabkis, tsis txhob muab lawv pov tag nrho lawv cov rog mus Bagration. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm qhov kev txiav txim tau muab mus rau cov hloov tag nrho cov powers mus rau lub flank, tab sis lub sij hawm twb yuav tsum tau rau qhov no. Fabkis khiav mus rau lub onslaught. Thaum lub sij hawm no, tseem ceeb superiority pub mus ua txhaum nyob rau hauv eeb. Bagration thiab cuam lawv tag nrho lawv lub zog, melee ensued nyob rau hauv uas lub commander nws tus kheej twb mortally raug mob. Flushes tau noj, tab sis rau tag nrho cov ntawm Napoleon txoj hau kev los ua tseeb: tom qab Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog pib tsim ib tug tiv thaiv raws li nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kev pab them nqi ntawm cov yeeb ncuab.

Bagration flushes, "ua tsov ua rog thiab kev sib haum xeeb"

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj txheej xwm ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Borodino, thaws rov los nyob rau hauv lub tshiab L. N.Tolstogo "ua tsov ua rog thiab kev sib haum xeeb". Bagration flushes nws qhov chaw "poob". Tag nrho cov txheej xwm loj ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Borodino sib ntaus sib tua, tus sau txuas nrog lub roj teeb Rajewski, uas yuav yog ib lub cim tseem ceeb - Ib Bezuhov.

Contradictory nyob rau hauv lub tshiab hais txog cov Bagration: "Nws yog ruam, tab sis nws tau txais kev, qhov muag thiab kev txiav txim ..." (Volume 3, Part 1, Tshooj VI.), Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm "... qhov zoo tshaj plaws - Bagration nws tus kheej Napoleon txais no ... ". Cov dab neeg tswvyim ntawm "folly" yog opposed mus rau lub tswv yim ntawm kev "kev txiav txim, ua siab loj." L. N. Tolstoy ua rau nws paub tseeb xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv uas Bagration - ib tug neeg uas siab tawv, siab tawv warrior, tab sis raws li ib tug general tsis yog muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm no-blooded xam thiab kev vam meej kom ua. Qhov no yog thaum nphav paub tseeb hais tias tseem nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua: Bagration flushes txawb tag nrho nws cov reserves, thiab nws mus nyob rau hauv nres nyob rau ntawm lub taub hau ntawm nws cov tub rog, tau fatally raug mob.

tau

Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb them dab tsi Bagration flushes: lub ntsiab txhais muab, piav qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov sib ntaus sib tua rau lawv rau lub sij hawm ntawm qhov sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Borodino, lub dag lub zog ntawm ob tog. Yog, nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub heroism ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub rog, cov sib ntaus sib tua lawv poob. Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv, hais txog tej uas lawv hais tias "poob lub sib ntaus sib tua tab sis yeej ua tsov ua rog."